# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
You don’t have authorization to view this page.

# data[].attributes.headline
Understanding ADHD, Autism and other Neurodiverse conditions in Small Bites

# data[].attributes.subject
Understanding ADHD, Autism and other Neurodiverse conditions in Small Bites

# data[].attributes.body
Topics include ADHD, Autism, other neurodiverse conditions and difficulties.

# data[].attributes.body
Learn more about your child's development from 3 years to 4 years.

Includes tips on how you can encourage learning and support.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A collection of activities and things to do with children aged 3-4 years old. Your child might use more descriptive language, enjoy imaginary play, and be able to link sentences together.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Activities for 3-4 year olds - BBC Tiny Happy People

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A collection of fun activities and things to do with children 3-4 years. Our collection of fun and developmental activities for 3-year-olds will help their language and communication skills. Try these activities at nursery or at home with your toddler.

# data[].attributes.body
Harlow's new FREE meal planning platform.

Helping people plan, prepare and cook nutritious and affordable everyday meals.

# data[].attributes.body
Helpful information on screen time for under 5's

# data[].attributes.body
When will you expect to see a practitioner for the Healthy Family Team.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Essex Child and Family Wellbeing Service provides an important role in making sure all children have the best start in life, by offering a range of services to all children, young people, and families.

# data[].attributes.body
Learn more about your child's development from 2 years to 3 years.

Includes tips on how you can encourage learning and support.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Tiny Happy People - Activities for 2-3 year olds

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A collection of activities and things to do with children aged 2-3 years old.

# data[].attributes.body
Learn more about your child's development from 1 year to 2 years.

Includes tips on how you can encourage learning and support.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Activities for 12-18 month olds - BBC Tiny Happy People

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A collection of fun educational activities and things to do with babies aged 12-18 months. These games to play with your 18-month old will offer you ways to bond and help their early communication and listening skills. From sensory to physical activities, these play ideas are great for your toddler.

# data[].attributes.body
Learn more about your child's development from 4 years to 5 years.

Includes tips on how you can encourage and support.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A collection of activities and things to do with children aged 4-5 years old. Your child may be able to take turns in conversations, use more complicated language, and enjoy playing with friends.

Activities for 4-5 year olds: Playtime games

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Activities for 4-5 year olds - BBC Tiny Happy People

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A collection of fun learning activities and things to do with children 4-5 years. Our collection of fun and creative games for preschoolers will help develop their language and communication skills. Help them learn and have loads of fun while you do.

# data[].attributes.body
Helpful information on screen time for under 5's

# data[].attributes.body
When will you expect to see a practitioner for the Healthy Family Team.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Essex Child and Family Wellbeing Service provides an important role in making sure all children have the best start in life, by offering a range of services to all children, young people, and families.

# data[].attributes.body
When will you expect to see a practitioner for the Healthy Family Team.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Essex Child and Family Wellbeing Service provides an important role in making sure all children have the best start in life, by offering a range of services to all children, young people, and families.

# data[].attributes.body
When will you expect to see a practitioner for the Healthy Family Team.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Essex Child and Family Wellbeing Service provides an important role in making sure all children have the best start in life, by offering a range of services to all children, young people, and families.

# data[].attributes.body
Helpful information on screen time for under 5's

# data[].attributes.headline
Helping your child get ready for Reception

# data[].attributes.subject
Helping your child get ready for Reception

# data[].attributes.body
Information on helping your child be ready for starting school.

# data[].attributes.headline
Childcare & Early Years Education - Best Start in Life

# data[].attributes.subject
Childcare & Early Years Education - Best Start in Life

# data[].attributes.body
For advice on childcare please click here.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Childcare & Early Years Education - Best Start in Life

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Find out more about the available childcare support.

# data[].attributes.body
Learn more about your babies development from birth to one year.

Includes tips on how you can encourage learning and support.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Understanding baby developmental milestones: A month-by-month guide to the first year

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
What are developmental milestones? Are they something parents should pay attention to? What can you expect in the first year. We spoke to lecturer in psychology and language Dr Sam Durrant and health visitor Kerry Bennett.

# data[].attributes.body
When to expect to see your Health Professional.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Essex Child and Family Wellbeing Service provides an important role in making sure all children have the best start in life, by offering a range of services to all children, young people, and families.

# data[].attributes.body
The gift of language!

Home language is what your child will first use to learn about the world around them and helps them get ‘set for life’

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Being bilingual or multilingual helps your child connect to your wider family, community and culture. As well as that it has many educational benefits.

# data[].attributes.body
When to expect to see your Health Professional.

# data[].attributes.body
Immunisations

It's important that vaccines are given on time for the best protection, but if you or your child missed a vaccine, contact your GP to catch up.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A full list of the routine vaccinations offered on the NHS and when they should be given.

# data[].attributes.body
Safe Sleep Advice

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Lullaby Trust raises awareness of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), provides expert advice on safer sleep for babies and offers emotional support for bereaved families

# data[].attributes.body
To be school ready can start from birth…

TLC is an Essex campaign helping parents, carers and families give their young children the best start to life, developing their communication skills through playful learning at home.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This is the content area of the home page…

# data[].attributes.headline
Essex Child and Family wellbeing Services

# data[].attributes.subject
Essex Child and Family wellbeing Services

# data[].attributes.body
The Tree House Family Hub provides lots of FREE activities that you can drop along to or book.

We look forward to seeing you.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.provider_name
Essex Child and Family Wellbeing Service

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The Family Hub offer we provide and the outcomes we aim to achieve ensures all families within Essex are supported from before children are born up to the age of 19 or 25 for those with Special Educational needs.

We focus on making sure that everyone in Essex has the best possible start in life through having access to Free, high quality and easy access to services in your Community, School, Family Home or within a Family Hub.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Welcome to your Family Hub - Essex Child and Family Wellbeing Service

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Family Hub offer we provide and the outcomes we aim to achieve ensures all families within Essex are supported from before children are born up to the age of 19 or 25 for those with Special Educational needs.

# data[].attributes.body
Princess Alexandra Hospital (PAH) Maternity Padlet

If you are having a baby, take a look at the PAH Padlet for all you need to know when becoming a new parent.

# data[].attributes.body
You can visit us at the Civic Centre, The Water Gardens, College Square, Harlow CM20 1WG.

The Civic Centre is open Monday to Friday 9am to 4.45pm, except for Wednesday when we open at 10am.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Welcome to Harlow Council | Harlow Council

# data[].attributes.body
Learn more about potty training your child, when to start and how.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Nap times

Once your child has stopped using nappies in the daytime, it's time to think about nap times.

Learning to sleep without a nappy on at naptime and use the potty when they wake up, will help prepare your child for being dry at night.

Tips for managing nappy-free nap times:

Just before nap time, help your child use the potty or toilet, so they are more likely to stay dry.

When you notice the nappy is staying dry at least some of the time, stop using a nappy at nap time.

Accidents are common during the first few months. Use a waterproof sheet or similar underneath your child, to protect their sleep area.

Lots of children need to use the potty when they wake so help them to do this.

Using praise and rewards to motivate your child

Research shows that rewards such as sweets or sticker charts may help your child initially, but they can stop working quickly.

For most children, encouraging and supporting them to be as independent as possible is the best way to motivate them.

Tips for keeping your child motivated:

Give your child plenty of encouragement and praise their efforts. When your child uses the potty or manages to stay dry, even if it's just for a short time, tell them how pleased you are.

Try to stay calm when accidents happen and do not make a big fuss.

Give your child the opportunity to do things for themselves as far as possible. This will help them to feel in control, positive and relaxed about the process.

Use favourite toys, books or songs to help them feel comfortable on the potty.

Try to avoid prompting or asking your child too often. Instead, wait until you think they need to go and then direct them gently, e.g. "it's toilet time" or "let's get that wee/poo in the potty!"

Be clear, confident and consistent so your child knows what you are asking them to do.

Managing potty training accidents

It is normal to have lots of accidents at the beginning and they are an important part of the learning process. This is a big step for your child, so be patient and encourage them.

Tips for managing accidents:

When your child has an accident, clean it up together and remind them to use the potty next time.

Do not shame or punish your child about accidents, as stress and upset can make it harder for you and your child to learn together.

It's important not to pretend an accident hasn't happened. Help them get clean and dry as soon as possible and involve your child in this process. Gently explain that you want them to use the potty next time.

Potty training out and about

When you first stop using nappies, choose a time when you can stay home with your child for a few days, so you can do some one to one learning with them.

Tips to make your first trips out easier to manage:

Don't forget your potty and spares of everything just in case!

Make trips out short to begin with.

Dress your child in clothes that are easy for them to push down and pull up again.

Avoid putting your child back in a pull up or nappy for outings. This will confuse them and undo all that learning.

A travel potty and washable car seat cover can come in handy.

Using the toilet away from home is a good thing for your child to get used to. Talk to them about things like how the flush at the supermarket is different from the one at home or nursery for example.

We have an excellent range of products to help with this stage including portable potties and car seat covers.

Potty training at nursery & pre-school

Many children spend part of their day being looked after by someone other than you and away from home.

For potty training to go well, your child needs a consistent approach to help them learn what they need to do whether they're at home or in childcare.

As soon as your child starts attending the setting, communicate about their bladder and bowel health. Ask the staff to tell you about the child's poos, so you can keep track and avoid constipation.

Find out what they are offered to drink to you can supplement appropriately at the beginning and end of the session. If the setting will only offer water, and your child is reluctant to consume enough water, talk to staff. Offer to supply juice or squash for them to dilute; it is vital for your child to stay well hydrated when they are away from home.

Start conversations about potty practice as soon as your child can sit up. Settings may regard potty training as something to attempt when the child is older; share this information so they too can see the benefits of potty practice.

When you are thinking about stopping using nappies, plan with the staff. Agree dates together with your child's caregivers so everyone is ready to support them. Time what you are doing at home to fit in with the setting.

Avoid starting to wear pants when the child is about to change rooms at nursery - that will be a big enough upheaval for them.

Tell the staff about the language you use at home for wee and poo.

Talk to the staff at the beginning and end of each session so everyone knows how things are going both at the setting and back at home. Use our potty training record so staff can keep track of their progress.

More information and free resources for childcare settings to support potty learning.
Getting dry at night

The age at which children become dry at night varies hugely. For some, it follows on quite quickly after achieving daytime dryness. For others, the wetting carries on after the age of 5 and treatment will be advised.

It is not your child's fault if they wet during sleep.

There are however lots of things you can do to gradually work towards night time dryness including:

Help your child get into the habit of using the potty or toilet at bedtime.

As well as making sure they are drinking plenty during the daytime, work on a good bedtime drinking routine as well. STOP drinks one hour before bedtime, every night, and no more after that till morning. Our Wee Checker has information on how much children should drink for their age.

Prepare your child for sleep. Unwind with a book or listen to music with the lights turned low. NO screens - so no TV, iPad, computer games in the hour before sleep, or the brain will get the wrong message!

Avoid lifting - in other words waking your child to take them to the toilet - if you want to work on stopping bedwetting. It might keep the bed dry, but it encourages the child to wee during sleep as they don't really wake up.

If your child is still wetting the bed when they are 5, see our Advice for Children with Night Time Wetting factsheet for more information and help.

Common potty training problems

Taking your time leading your child through the preparation and practice stages should help to avoid the most common potty training problems.

If you feel as though it's all gone wrong and they're just not getting it, it's ok to stop, go back to the preparation stage and start again.

Could they be constipated?

Constipation affects 1 in 3 children and is especially common in under 5s. Your child may be struggling because they have some underlying constipation that was there before you started potty training.

So stop, treat the constipation and then try stopping the nappies again once it is all under control. Carry on with potty practice - this in itself is an important part of constipation treatment.
Are they drinking enough?
Sometime the bladder misbehaves and we realise that our child is simply not drinking enough.

Once again, you don't have to go right back to the beginning, but go back to the potty practice stage while you increase your child's fluid intake.

Try not to panic if it seems as if they just aren't getting it. Some children take longer to learn, and just need more time.

Reassure your child that their wees and poos will learn to go in the potty, they just need more practice!

Get more information and help with common potty training problems.

FAQs

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Potty training: how to start & best age to potty train - ERIC

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
We've broken down potty training into 3 easy steps: preparation, practice and perfecting those skills! Use our step by step guide to help your toddler become toilet trained.

# data[].attributes.headline
Herts & West Essex Healthier Together Website

# data[].attributes.subject
Herts & West Essex Healthier Together Website

# data[].attributes.body
The Healthier Together website provides advice for parents, young people and pregnant women, along with clinical resources to support healthcare professionals.

# data[].attributes.body
NHS advice, helpful videos, tips from other parents, and lots of simple, healthy weaning recipe and meal ideas.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
What is weaning?

Introducing your baby to solid foods, also referred to as weaning or complementary feeding, starts when your baby is around 6 months old.

Your baby should be introduced to a varied diet, alongside their usual breast milk or first infant formula.

It can be confusing knowing when and how to start introducing solid foods. We're here to guide you through the weaning journey and explain what it all means.

We've got expert NHS advice, helpful videos, tips from other parents, and lots of simple, healthy weaning recipe and meal ideas.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Weaning means introducing your baby to solid foods alongside their usual breast milk or infant formula. We're here to guide you through the journey.

# data[].attributes.body
Our social supermarket

It offers members a mixture of fresh & longer life foods, essential households items plus a town-centre café to meet and make friends. The café has a programme of activities for members. Drop in and discover more!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Michael Roberts Charitable Trust, known as MRCT, is a charity dedicated to improving the lives of people disadvantaged through either disability or social difficulties.

# data[].attributes.body
At Home-Start Essex we have a team of trained volunteers and dedicated, experienced staff who support families with young children through challenging times.

# data[].attributes.body
School Admissions

Information for parents about applying for school places starting in September 2025

Applications for the 2025 school year are now closed.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Primary school places | Essex County Council

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Apply for a primary (reception) school place for September 2025

# data[].attributes.body
Immunisations

It's important that vaccines are given on time for the best protection, but if you or your child missed a vaccine, contact your GP to catch up.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A full list of the routine vaccinations offered on the NHS and when they should be given.

# data[].attributes.headline
Helping your child get ready for Reception

# data[].attributes.subject
Helping your child get ready for Reception

# data[].attributes.body
Information on helping your child be ready for starting school.

# data[].attributes.body
Breastfeeding - Lots of helpful information and advice on breastfeeding.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Feeding your baby can feel quite overwhelming at first - whether you are breastfeeding, bottle feeding or a combination of both.

We have lots of guidance to support you, along with hints and tips from other parents.

There is a lot of evidence to show how beneficial it is to breastfeed your baby, especially in the early weeks. However, it can take time to get the hang of, and there may be reasons why you cannot breastfeed.

If you have any feeding worries or concerns, the best thing to do is speak to your midwife or health visitor.

In this section

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Whether you are breastfeeding, bottle feeding or a combination of both, we have lots of guidance to support you, along with hints and tips from other parents.

# data[].attributes.body
Immunisations

It's important that vaccines are given on time for the best protection, but if you or your child missed a vaccine, contact your GP to catch up.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A full list of the routine vaccinations offered on the NHS and when they should be given.

# data[].attributes.headline
Maternity information in multiple languages.

# data[].attributes.subject
Maternity information in multiple languages.

# data[].attributes.body
Maternity information in multiple languages.

# data[].attributes.body
Physical activity guidelines for children (under 5 years)

All movement counts.

tummy time

playing with blocks and other objects

messy play

jumping

walking

dancing

swimming

playground activities

climbing

skipping

active play, like hide and seek

throwing and catching

scooting

riding a bike

outdoor activities

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Physical activity guidelines for children (under 5 years)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Physical activity guidelines for children under five years to keep them fit and healthy, including simple ways to build activity into their day.

# data[].attributes.headline
Childcare & Early Years Education - Best Start in Life

# data[].attributes.subject
Childcare & Early Years Education - Best Start in Life

# data[].attributes.body
For advice on childcare please click here.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Childcare & Early Years Education - Best Start in Life

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Find out more about the available childcare support.

# data[].attributes.body
We enable, empower and support refugees, asylum seekers and migrants on their journey towards successful integration.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Integration Support - Integration Support

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Integration support Helping People Feel More At Home In Their Communities Integration Support is a charity based in Essex who support the migrants and refugees in community through a range of different services. Find Out More Our Funders Liubov Wanted to Overcome Language Barrier Read More » Support With Emergency Food Provision Read More »

# data[].attributes.body
A community centre in Harlow Town where children under 5 and their grown-ups can meet, play and learn.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Community Centre for Under-5s | The Parent Hood of Harlow

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Parent Hood of Harlow is a community hub for the under 5s in Harlow Town Centre. Our mission is to improve early years outcomes, support maternal mental wellbeing and champion female businesses.

# data[].attributes.body
If you’re more than 10 weeks pregnant or have a child under 4, you may be entitled to get help to buy healthy food and milk.

If you’re eligible, you’ll be sent a Healthy Start card with money on it that you can use in some UK shops. We’ll add your benefit onto this card every 4 weeks.

You can use your card to buy:

plain liquid cow’s milk

fresh, frozen, and tinned fruit and vegetables

fresh, dried, and tinned pulses

infant formula milk based on cow’s milk

You can also use your card to collect:

Healthy Start vitamins – these support you during pregnancy and breastfeeding

vitamin drops for babies and young children – these are suitable from birth to 4 years old

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
What is Healthy Start?

If you're more than 10 weeks pregnant or have a child under 4, you may be entitled to get help to buy healthy food and milk.

If you're eligible, you'll be sent a Healthy Start card with money on it that you can use in some UK shops. We'll add your benefit onto this card every 4 weeks.

You can use your card to buy:

plain liquid cow's milk

fresh, frozen, and tinned fruit and vegetables

fresh, dried, and tinned pulses

infant formula milk based on cow's milk

You can also use your card to collect:

Healthy Start vitamins - these support you during pregnancy and breastfeeding

vitamin drops for babies and young children - these are suitable from birth to 4 years old

If you live in Scotland

You can get help from Best Start Foods (opens in a new tab) instead.

Advice on healthy eating

For more advice on healthy eating, visit:

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
If you're more than 10 weeks pregnant or have a child under 4, you may be entitled to get help to buy healthy food and milk. If you're eligible, you'll be sent a Healthy Start card with money on it that you can use in some UK shops.

# data[].attributes.body
Immunisations

It's important that vaccines are given on time for the best protection, but if you or your child missed a vaccine, contact your GP to catch up.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A full list of the routine vaccinations offered on the NHS and when they should be given.

# data[].attributes.body
Immunisations

It's important that vaccines are given on time for the best protection, but if you or your child missed a vaccine, contact your GP to catch up.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A full list of the routine vaccinations offered on the NHS and when they should be given.

# data[].attributes.body
Vaccines recommended in pregnancy

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Some vaccines, such as the inactivated seasonal flu vaccine and the whooping cough vaccine, are recommended during pregnancy to protect the health of you and your baby. An inactivated vaccine does not contain a live version of the virus it is protecting against.

Some vaccines, such as the tetanus vaccine, are perfectly safe to have during pregnancy if necessary.

But it does depend on the type of vaccination. For example, the MMR and yellow fever vaccines have potential risks, and you need to discuss these with your midwife or doctor before deciding whether to have the vaccine.

Vaccines not usually advised in pregnancy (live vaccines)

If a vaccine uses a live version of the virus, such as the MMR vaccine, you'll usually be advised to wait until after your baby is born before you get vaccinated.

This is because there's a potential risk that live vaccines could cause your unborn baby to become infected. But there's no evidence that any live vaccine causes birth defects.

Sometimes, a live vaccine may be used during pregnancy if the risk of infection is greater than the risk of the vaccination. Your midwife, GP or pharmacist can give you more advice about vaccinations during pregnancy.

Live vaccines include:

BCG (vaccination against tuberculosis)

MMR (measles, mumps and rubella)

oral polio (which forms part of the 6-in-1 vaccine given to infants)

oral typhoid

yellow fever

Vaccines recommended in pregnancy

Flu

During pregnancy, your immune system (the body's natural defence) is weakened to protect the pregnancy. This can mean you're less able to fight off infections. As the baby grows, you may be unable to breathe as deeply, increasing the risk of infections such as pneumonia.

These changes can raise the risk from flu - pregnant women are more likely to get flu complications than women who are not pregnant and are more likely to be admitted to hospital. Having the flu vaccine means you're less likely to get flu.
Find out more about the flu jab in pregnancy
Whooping cough

Whooping cough is a very serious infection, and young babies are most at risk. Most babies with whooping cough will be admitted to hospital.

When you have the whooping cough vaccination in pregnancy, your body produces antibodies to protect against whooping cough. These antibodies pass to your baby giving them some protection until they're able to have their whooping cough vaccination at 8 weeks old.
Find out more about the whooping cough vaccination in pregnancy
Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine

If you're pregnant, or think you might be, it's strongly recommended you get vaccinated against COVID-19 to protect you and your baby.

You're at higher risk of getting seriously ill from COVID-19 if you're pregnant. If you get COVID-19 late in your pregnancy, your baby could also be at risk.

It's safe to have the vaccine during any stage of pregnancy, from the first few weeks up to your expected due date. You do not need to delay vaccination until after you have given birth.

The COVID-19 vaccines do not contain any live viruses and cannot give you or your baby COVID-19.

You can book your vaccination appointment online.
Find out more about pregnancy and COVID-19 vaccination

Travel vaccines in pregnancy

When you're pregnant, it's best to avoid visiting countries or areas where travel vaccinations are required.
See the TravelHealthPro website for information and advice about travel vaccinations for different countries
It may not always be possible to avoid areas that require vaccinations when you're pregnant. If this is the case, talk to a midwife or GP, who can tell you about the risks and benefits of any vaccinations you might need.

If there's a high risk of infection in the area you are travelling to, it's often safer to have a vaccine rather than travel unprotected as most diseases will be more harmful to your baby than a vaccine.

For example, yellow fever is a virus spread by mosquitoes. Most people who get severe yellow fever die from it. The yellow fever vaccine is a live vaccine, but it may be considered necessary to have the vaccination if you're travelling to areas where yellow fever is common because the risks of yellow fever are so high.

Pregnancy and malaria

Pregnant women are particularly susceptible to malaria. This is a serious condition which, if severe, can be fatal for both a mother and her baby. Malaria mainly affects countries in:

Africa

South America and Central America

Asia

the Middle East

If possible, avoid travelling in these areas if you are pregnant. However, if you're unable to postpone or cancel your trip, preventative treatment is available. This involves taking antimalarial medicine tablets to reduce your risk of getting malaria.

The antimalarial medicine you take may depend on which country you're travelling to, your stage of pregnancy and whether you have any other pre-existing medical conditions. In some areas certain antimalarial medicines do not work because the malaria parasite has developed resistance to them.

Some antimalarial medicines are known to affect the developing baby. For example, doxycycline can cause the baby's milk teeth to be discoloured if a pregnant woman takes it after the first 12 or 13 weeks of pregnancy.

Other antimalarial medicines have not been studied sufficiently and more research on their use in pregnancy is needed. But the risk of harm to you and your baby from malaria is likely to be much greater than any potential risk from taking antimalarial medicine.
See the bumps website for more information about malaria and antimalarial medicines and their use in pregnancy
Protecting yourself against malaria

If you're pregnant, make sure you take precautions against being bitten by insects. For example:

use a mosquito repellent that's specifically recommended for use in pregnancy

wear a long-sleeved top, full-length trousers and socks to cover up your skin from dusk until dawn

always sleep under a mosquito net

Find maternity services near you

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Some vaccines, such as the inactivated seasonal flu vaccine and the whooping cough vaccine, are recommended during pregnancy to protect the health of you and your baby. An inactivated vaccine does not contain a live version of the virus it is protecting against.

# data[].attributes.body
Get information and support

When you're experiencing a mental health problem, supportive and reliable information can change your life.

We empower people to understand their mental health and the choices available to them.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
We’re Mind, the mental health charity | Mind

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
We're Mind, the mental health charity. We're here to make sure no one has to face a mental health problem alone.

# data[].attributes.body
Changes to Childcare

Information on available funding to early years and childcare providers in Essex, including the new childcare reforms

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Funding information for early years and childcare providers in Essex including information about 30 hours funding, the free entitlement (FEEE) for 2, 3 and 4-year-olds, inclusion funding, the early years pupil premium, disability access fund (DAF), capital grants, data collection and access to the Provider Portal.

# data[].attributes.body
Special Education Needs and Disabilities (SEND)

Find help available for children and young people ages 0-25years.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Essex County Council: Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) | Essex Local Offer

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
We’d like to set additional cookies to understand how you use this website, remember your settings and improve this service.

# data[].attributes.headline
West Essex Preschool Telephone Drop in Clinic

# data[].attributes.subject
West Essex Preschool Telephone Drop in Clinic

# data[].attributes.body
Every Tuesday 09:00-11:00 for parents/carers of Preschool children aged 2 years 6 months and older who are registered with a West Essex GP. Please see attached flyer for further information.

# data[].attributes.body
Delivering a range of services for people affected by crisis situations, as well as information on community and social activities, volunteering and health screening.

# data[].attributes.body
The gift of language!

Home language is what your child will first use to learn about the world around them and helps them get ‘set for life’

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Being bilingual or multilingual helps your child connect to your wider family, community and culture. As well as that it has many educational benefits.

# data[].attributes.body
Helpful information on screen time for under 5's

# data[].attributes.body
Learn more about potty training your child, when to start and how.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Nap times

Once your child has stopped using nappies in the daytime, it's time to think about nap times.

Learning to sleep without a nappy on at naptime and use the potty when they wake up, will help prepare your child for being dry at night.

Tips for managing nappy-free nap times:

Just before nap time, help your child use the potty or toilet, so they are more likely to stay dry.

When you notice the nappy is staying dry at least some of the time, stop using a nappy at nap time.

Accidents are common during the first few months. Use a waterproof sheet or similar underneath your child, to protect their sleep area.

Lots of children need to use the potty when they wake so help them to do this.

Using praise and rewards to motivate your child

Research shows that rewards such as sweets or sticker charts may help your child initially, but they can stop working quickly.

For most children, encouraging and supporting them to be as independent as possible is the best way to motivate them.

Tips for keeping your child motivated:

Give your child plenty of encouragement and praise their efforts. When your child uses the potty or manages to stay dry, even if it's just for a short time, tell them how pleased you are.

Try to stay calm when accidents happen and do not make a big fuss.

Give your child the opportunity to do things for themselves as far as possible. This will help them to feel in control, positive and relaxed about the process.

Use favourite toys, books or songs to help them feel comfortable on the potty.

Try to avoid prompting or asking your child too often. Instead, wait until you think they need to go and then direct them gently, e.g. "it's toilet time" or "let's get that wee/poo in the potty!"

Be clear, confident and consistent so your child knows what you are asking them to do.

Managing potty training accidents

It is normal to have lots of accidents at the beginning and they are an important part of the learning process. This is a big step for your child, so be patient and encourage them.

Tips for managing accidents:

When your child has an accident, clean it up together and remind them to use the potty next time.

Do not shame or punish your child about accidents, as stress and upset can make it harder for you and your child to learn together.

It's important not to pretend an accident hasn't happened. Help them get clean and dry as soon as possible and involve your child in this process. Gently explain that you want them to use the potty next time.

Potty training out and about

When you first stop using nappies, choose a time when you can stay home with your child for a few days, so you can do some one to one learning with them.

Tips to make your first trips out easier to manage:

Don't forget your potty and spares of everything just in case!

Make trips out short to begin with.

Dress your child in clothes that are easy for them to push down and pull up again.

Avoid putting your child back in a pull up or nappy for outings. This will confuse them and undo all that learning.

A travel potty and washable car seat cover can come in handy.

Using the toilet away from home is a good thing for your child to get used to. Talk to them about things like how the flush at the supermarket is different from the one at home or nursery for example.

We have an excellent range of products to help with this stage including portable potties and car seat covers.

Potty training at nursery & pre-school

Many children spend part of their day being looked after by someone other than you and away from home.

For potty training to go well, your child needs a consistent approach to help them learn what they need to do whether they're at home or in childcare.

As soon as your child starts attending the setting, communicate about their bladder and bowel health. Ask the staff to tell you about the child's poos, so you can keep track and avoid constipation.

Find out what they are offered to drink to you can supplement appropriately at the beginning and end of the session. If the setting will only offer water, and your child is reluctant to consume enough water, talk to staff. Offer to supply juice or squash for them to dilute; it is vital for your child to stay well hydrated when they are away from home.

Start conversations about potty practice as soon as your child can sit up. Settings may regard potty training as something to attempt when the child is older; share this information so they too can see the benefits of potty practice.

When you are thinking about stopping using nappies, plan with the staff. Agree dates together with your child's caregivers so everyone is ready to support them. Time what you are doing at home to fit in with the setting.

Avoid starting to wear pants when the child is about to change rooms at nursery - that will be a big enough upheaval for them.

Tell the staff about the language you use at home for wee and poo.

Talk to the staff at the beginning and end of each session so everyone knows how things are going both at the setting and back at home. Use our potty training record so staff can keep track of their progress.

More information and free resources for childcare settings to support potty learning.
Getting dry at night

The age at which children become dry at night varies hugely. For some, it follows on quite quickly after achieving daytime dryness. For others, the wetting carries on after the age of 5 and treatment will be advised.

It is not your child's fault if they wet during sleep.

There are however lots of things you can do to gradually work towards night time dryness including:

Help your child get into the habit of using the potty or toilet at bedtime.

As well as making sure they are drinking plenty during the daytime, work on a good bedtime drinking routine as well. STOP drinks one hour before bedtime, every night, and no more after that till morning. Our Wee Checker has information on how much children should drink for their age.

Prepare your child for sleep. Unwind with a book or listen to music with the lights turned low. NO screens - so no TV, iPad, computer games in the hour before sleep, or the brain will get the wrong message!

Avoid lifting - in other words waking your child to take them to the toilet - if you want to work on stopping bedwetting. It might keep the bed dry, but it encourages the child to wee during sleep as they don't really wake up.

If your child is still wetting the bed when they are 5, see our Advice for Children with Night Time Wetting factsheet for more information and help.

Common potty training problems

Taking your time leading your child through the preparation and practice stages should help to avoid the most common potty training problems.

If you feel as though it's all gone wrong and they're just not getting it, it's ok to stop, go back to the preparation stage and start again.

Could they be constipated?

Constipation affects 1 in 3 children and is especially common in under 5s. Your child may be struggling because they have some underlying constipation that was there before you started potty training.

So stop, treat the constipation and then try stopping the nappies again once it is all under control. Carry on with potty practice - this in itself is an important part of constipation treatment.
Are they drinking enough?
Sometime the bladder misbehaves and we realise that our child is simply not drinking enough.

Once again, you don't have to go right back to the beginning, but go back to the potty practice stage while you increase your child's fluid intake.

Try not to panic if it seems as if they just aren't getting it. Some children take longer to learn, and just need more time.

Reassure your child that their wees and poos will learn to go in the potty, they just need more practice!

Get more information and help with common potty training problems.

FAQs

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Potty training: how to start & best age to potty train - ERIC

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
We've broken down potty training into 3 easy steps: preparation, practice and perfecting those skills! Use our step by step guide to help your toddler become toilet trained.

# data[].attributes.body
Children's Teeth

From brushing their first tooth to their first trip to the dentist, here's how to take care of your children's teeth.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
To help us keep this website secure, please wait while we verify you’re not a robot! It will only take a few seconds…

# data[].attributes.body
Learn more about potty training your child, when to start and how.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Nap times

Once your child has stopped using nappies in the daytime, it's time to think about nap times.

Learning to sleep without a nappy on at naptime and use the potty when they wake up, will help prepare your child for being dry at night.

Tips for managing nappy-free nap times:

Just before nap time, help your child use the potty or toilet, so they are more likely to stay dry.

When you notice the nappy is staying dry at least some of the time, stop using a nappy at nap time.

Accidents are common during the first few months. Use a waterproof sheet or similar underneath your child, to protect their sleep area.

Lots of children need to use the potty when they wake so help them to do this.

Using praise and rewards to motivate your child

Research shows that rewards such as sweets or sticker charts may help your child initially, but they can stop working quickly.

For most children, encouraging and supporting them to be as independent as possible is the best way to motivate them.

Tips for keeping your child motivated:

Give your child plenty of encouragement and praise their efforts. When your child uses the potty or manages to stay dry, even if it's just for a short time, tell them how pleased you are.

Try to stay calm when accidents happen and do not make a big fuss.

Give your child the opportunity to do things for themselves as far as possible. This will help them to feel in control, positive and relaxed about the process.

Use favourite toys, books or songs to help them feel comfortable on the potty.

Try to avoid prompting or asking your child too often. Instead, wait until you think they need to go and then direct them gently, e.g. "it's toilet time" or "let's get that wee/poo in the potty!"

Be clear, confident and consistent so your child knows what you are asking them to do.

Managing potty training accidents

It is normal to have lots of accidents at the beginning and they are an important part of the learning process. This is a big step for your child, so be patient and encourage them.

Tips for managing accidents:

When your child has an accident, clean it up together and remind them to use the potty next time.

Do not shame or punish your child about accidents, as stress and upset can make it harder for you and your child to learn together.

It's important not to pretend an accident hasn't happened. Help them get clean and dry as soon as possible and involve your child in this process. Gently explain that you want them to use the potty next time.

Potty training out and about

When you first stop using nappies, choose a time when you can stay home with your child for a few days, so you can do some one to one learning with them.

Tips to make your first trips out easier to manage:

Don't forget your potty and spares of everything just in case!

Make trips out short to begin with.

Dress your child in clothes that are easy for them to push down and pull up again.

Avoid putting your child back in a pull up or nappy for outings. This will confuse them and undo all that learning.

A travel potty and washable car seat cover can come in handy.

Using the toilet away from home is a good thing for your child to get used to. Talk to them about things like how the flush at the supermarket is different from the one at home or nursery for example.

We have an excellent range of products to help with this stage including portable potties and car seat covers.

Potty training at nursery & pre-school

Many children spend part of their day being looked after by someone other than you and away from home.

For potty training to go well, your child needs a consistent approach to help them learn what they need to do whether they're at home or in childcare.

As soon as your child starts attending the setting, communicate about their bladder and bowel health. Ask the staff to tell you about the child's poos, so you can keep track and avoid constipation.

Find out what they are offered to drink to you can supplement appropriately at the beginning and end of the session. If the setting will only offer water, and your child is reluctant to consume enough water, talk to staff. Offer to supply juice or squash for them to dilute; it is vital for your child to stay well hydrated when they are away from home.

Start conversations about potty practice as soon as your child can sit up. Settings may regard potty training as something to attempt when the child is older; share this information so they too can see the benefits of potty practice.

When you are thinking about stopping using nappies, plan with the staff. Agree dates together with your child's caregivers so everyone is ready to support them. Time what you are doing at home to fit in with the setting.

Avoid starting to wear pants when the child is about to change rooms at nursery - that will be a big enough upheaval for them.

Tell the staff about the language you use at home for wee and poo.

Talk to the staff at the beginning and end of each session so everyone knows how things are going both at the setting and back at home. Use our potty training record so staff can keep track of their progress.

More information and free resources for childcare settings to support potty learning.
Getting dry at night

The age at which children become dry at night varies hugely. For some, it follows on quite quickly after achieving daytime dryness. For others, the wetting carries on after the age of 5 and treatment will be advised.

It is not your child's fault if they wet during sleep.

There are however lots of things you can do to gradually work towards night time dryness including:

Help your child get into the habit of using the potty or toilet at bedtime.

As well as making sure they are drinking plenty during the daytime, work on a good bedtime drinking routine as well. STOP drinks one hour before bedtime, every night, and no more after that till morning. Our Wee Checker has information on how much children should drink for their age.

Prepare your child for sleep. Unwind with a book or listen to music with the lights turned low. NO screens - so no TV, iPad, computer games in the hour before sleep, or the brain will get the wrong message!

Avoid lifting - in other words waking your child to take them to the toilet - if you want to work on stopping bedwetting. It might keep the bed dry, but it encourages the child to wee during sleep as they don't really wake up.

If your child is still wetting the bed when they are 5, see our Advice for Children with Night Time Wetting factsheet for more information and help.

Common potty training problems

Taking your time leading your child through the preparation and practice stages should help to avoid the most common potty training problems.

If you feel as though it's all gone wrong and they're just not getting it, it's ok to stop, go back to the preparation stage and start again.

Could they be constipated?

Constipation affects 1 in 3 children and is especially common in under 5s. Your child may be struggling because they have some underlying constipation that was there before you started potty training.

So stop, treat the constipation and then try stopping the nappies again once it is all under control. Carry on with potty practice - this in itself is an important part of constipation treatment.
Are they drinking enough?
Sometime the bladder misbehaves and we realise that our child is simply not drinking enough.

Once again, you don't have to go right back to the beginning, but go back to the potty practice stage while you increase your child's fluid intake.

Try not to panic if it seems as if they just aren't getting it. Some children take longer to learn, and just need more time.

Reassure your child that their wees and poos will learn to go in the potty, they just need more practice!

Get more information and help with common potty training problems.

FAQs

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Potty training: how to start & best age to potty train - ERIC

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
We've broken down potty training into 3 easy steps: preparation, practice and perfecting those skills! Use our step by step guide to help your toddler become toilet trained.