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Ancient Greece: The Birth of the World from Chaos

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Ancient Greece: The Birth of the World from Chaos

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According to Greek mythology, in the beginning there was only Chaos - a void of nothingness. From this emptiness emerged Gaia (Earth), Tartarus (the Underworld), and Eros (Love). Gaia gave birth to Uranus (Sky), and together they created the Titans, who would later give rise to the Olympic gods. This creation story explains how order emerged from chaos and established the foundation for Greek understanding of the cosmos. Link to myth.

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Norse Mythology: The World Tree Yggdrasil

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Norse Mythology: The World Tree Yggdrasil

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In Norse mythology, the cosmos consists of nine worlds connected by Yggdrasil, the World Tree. The creation story tells of how the gods Odin, Vili, and Vé killed the giant Ymir and used his body to create Midgard (Earth). His blood became the seas, his flesh the land, his bones the mountains, and his skull the sky. This origin story reflects the harsh yet interconnected nature of Scandinavian life and environment.

Link to Myth.

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Aboriginal Australian Dreamtime: The Rainbow Serpent

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Aboriginal Australian Dreamtime: The Rainbow Serpent

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The Aboriginal Australian creation story centers on the Dreamtime, when ancestral spirits walked the earth. The Rainbow Serpent, one of the most important creator beings, carved out rivers, mountains, and valleys as it moved across the land. This powerful being also created the first people and established the laws that govern Aboriginal society. The Dreamtime is not just ancient history but continues to exist parallel to ordinary time. Weblink for story.

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Japanese Shinto: Izanagi and Izanami Create the Islands

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Japanese Shinto: Izanagi and Izanami Create the Islands

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In Japanese Shinto mythology, the divine couple Izanagi and Izanami stood on the floating bridge of heaven and stirred the ocean with a jeweled spear. When they lifted the spear, the drops that fell formed the first island of Japan. The couple descended to this island and gave birth to the other islands of Japan and various kami (gods). This origin story establishes Japan as a land blessed by the gods, explaining the spiritual significance of the Japanese islands.

Link to myth.

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Mayan Popol Vuh: The Creation of Humanity from Corn

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Mayan Popol Vuh: The Creation of Humanity from Corn

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The Mayan creation epic, the Popol Vuh, tells how the gods attempted to create humans multiple times. First they made people from mud, but they dissolved. Then from wood, but they had no souls. Finally, the gods created humans from corn (maize), which gave them life and consciousness. This origin story reflects the central importance of corn in Mayan agriculture and culture, elevating this staple crop to sacred status. Link to myth.

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Hebrew Genesis: The Seven Days of Creation

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Hebrew Genesis: The Seven Days of Creation

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The Book of Genesis describes how God created the world in six days and rested on the seventh. Each day brought forth different elements: light and darkness, sky and water, land and vegetation, celestial bodies, sea creatures and birds, land animals and humans. Humans were created 'in God's image' and given dominion over all other creatures. This origin story has profoundly influenced Western civilization and establishes themes of divine purpose and human responsibility.

Link to Myth.

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Egyptian Mythology: Atum and the Primordial Waters

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Egyptian Mythology: Atum and the Primordial Waters

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Ancient Egyptian creation mythology tells of Atum, the first god, who emerged from the primordial waters of Nun. Standing on the first mound of earth (the benben), Atum created the first divine couple, Shu (air) and Tefnut (moisture), through his own essence. Their children, Geb (earth) and Nut (sky), were separated to form the world we know. This creation story reflects the importance of the Nile River and the annual flooding cycle in Egyptian life. Link to myth.

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Hindu Cosmology: Brahma and the Cosmic Egg

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Hindu Cosmology: Brahma and the Cosmic Egg

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Hindu creation stories describe how the universe emerges from Brahman, the ultimate reality. In one version, Brahma emerges from a golden cosmic egg (Hiranyagarbha) that floated in the primordial waters. Brahma then speaks the universe into existence, creating the four Vedas (sacred texts) and dividing the egg to form heaven and earth. This cyclical creation story reflects Hindu beliefs about the eternal nature of the universe and the cycles of creation and destruction.

Link to Myth.

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The Lakota creation story tells of how the first people lived beneath the earth with the spirits. They discovered a hole that led to the surface world, which was covered with water except for a small hill. The people climbed through this hole and, with the help of various animals, expanded the land. The eagle spread its wings to create the winds, and the people learned to live in harmony with nature. This origin story emphasizes the connection between humans, animals, and the earth. Link to myth/retelling.

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The Maori creation story centers on the Sky Father, Ranginui, and the Earth Mother, Papatuanuku, who were locked in a dark, tight embrace, giving birth to their children in the perpetual darkness. Their sons, the gods, longed for light and space, eventually deciding to separate their parents. Tāne Mahuta ultimately succeeded in pushing them apart, creating the world and bringing light and life. The separation was sorrowful, with Rangi's tears becoming rain and Papa's mists rising to meet him. Link to myth.

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Inuit Creation Story Kivalliq Region, NU, Canada

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Inuit Creation Story Kivalliq Region, NU, Canada

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Raven Brings Light

Inuit creation myths describe the Raven as a divine creator and transformer who, in a time of darkness and silence, brought light, water, mountains, and life to the world by beating his wings. A common story has the Raven stealing the sun, moon, and stars from a powerful chief to give to humans. He is often portrayed as a trickster whose cunning actions, though sometimes self-serving, ultimately result in good for humanity. Link to myth.

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The primary Hawaiian creation story, the Kumulipo, begins with a dark, formless void from which Kumulipo and Poʻele emerge, creating the universe and life through a genealogical process that connects all life to the land and sea. A prominent narrative from the Kumulipo involves the pairing of Wakea (Sky Father) and Papa (Earth Mother), who create the world from a gourd, with Wakea eventually birthing the first taro plant (kalo) from the stillborn body of their child. Link to myth.

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The Sumerian creation story, or Eridu Genesis, begins with the primordial sea, Namma, who gives birth to the universe (Anki). After their son, the god Enlil, separates the sky (An) and earth (Ki), the gods create humans from clay to relieve them of their labor. The gods then decide to destroy the first race of humans with a flood due to their "noise", but the god Enki, known for his wisdom, warns the righteous man Ziusudra, who builds a boat and saves himself and his family. After the flood subsides, Ziusudra is rewarded with immortality. Link to myth.

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The most well-known Chinese creation myth describes the giant Pangu emerging from a cosmic egg of chaos, separating the light sky from the dark earth with his axe, and then holding them apart for 18,000 years until his death. After his death, Pangu's body parts transformed into the components of the natural world: his breath became the wind and clouds, his eyes the sun and moon, his blood the rivers, his limbs the mountains, and his hair the stars. Link to myth.

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According to the Zulu creation myth, the supreme deity and first man, Unkulunkulu, emerged from a bed of reeds to create the world and humanity. The story also explains the origin of death through a race between a chameleon and a lizard.  Link to myth.

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Two major Vodoun creation narratives exist, one centered on the serpent deity Damballa and another on the ultimate creator, Bondye. Both traditions coexist, with Bondye often considered the remote supreme being and Damballa the powerful, active creator. Link to myth.

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In the Yoruba creation story, the supreme god Olodumare tasked Obatala with creating the earth from the primeval waters. Using a gold chain to descend, Obatala poured sand from a snail shell onto the water's surface and released a white hen, whose scratching created dry land. Obatala then planted a palm nut, which grew into a forest. He also began molding human figures from clay, but he became drunk on palm wine, leading to imperfect creations. After Olodumare breathed life into his figures, Obatala's flawed creations became the first imperfect humans, and he became the patron of people with disabilities. Link to the myth.

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The Navajo creation story, or Diné Bahaneʼ, describes the emergence of the Navajo people from four different worlds, beginning with a world of darkness called Nihodilhil, where the first beings, including First Man and First Woman, were formed from elemental clouds and wind. After difficulties in this and subsequent worlds, the people emerge into the present Fourth World, which was created by Holy Beings, including Changing Woman, who organized the land and established the foundation for Navajo life.
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The Ceram creation story involves the god Ameta, who plants a coconut that grows into a tree and blossoms. Ameta accidentally cuts his finger, and his blood falls on a blossom, from which the girl Hainuwele emerges. Hainuwele possesses a gift to produce precious objects from her own body, which leads to her tragic death at a festival after she offers these gifts instead of the expected areca nuts. Her dismembered body is then planted, and from it grow the tubers and other plants essential to human life, connecting her death to the beginning of the human world and its sustenance. Link to myth.

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The Mapuche creation story often features the dual forces of two serpents, Trentren Vilu (the earth serpent) and Caicai Vilu (the water serpent), engaged in a monumental struggle to shape the land and sea. Alternatively, some versions describe a supreme spirit, Ngen, who, in anger at other spirits, transformed them into stones and created mountains, or a benevolent creator god, Chiao, who sowed the seeds for the world and its inhabitants. These narratives emphasize the inherent balance and conflict between natural forces and the origins of the Mapuche people, who were tasked with living in harmony with the land. Link to the myth.

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There isn't one single Celtic creation myth, but rather a collection of stories and fragmented traditions from various Celtic cultures, often emphasizing the creation of the world from the sea, the birth of gods from elements like the oak tree or from giants, and the ultimate connection between humanity, nature, and the divine. Popular versions include the birth of a primordial mare from sea-foam named Eiocha, who then births the first gods, or the story of the cosmic giant whose body parts form the earth. Another narrative involves the primordial gods Donn and Danu, whose violent separation and reunion—through their children and tears—forms the elements of the world, including the sea and the first humans. Link to myth.

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The Dogon creation story begins with the creator, Amma, existing alone in a cosmic egg. This egg opens, spiraling out its contents to form the universe, with the Dogon star, Sirius, marking the origin. Amma then creates the sun and moon and flings clay pellets to form the stars. A premature twin, Ogo, creates disorder, prompting Amma to send the celestial beings, the Nommo, from Sirius to restore balance by scattering their bodies, which become the source of life on Earth. Humans are then created to learn from the Nommo and maintain cosmic harmon.

Link to myth.