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1976 - Article 27 of the Constitution of the Republic of Afghanistan

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1976 - Article 27 of the Constitution of the Republic of Afghanistan

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Stated, "All the people of Afghanistan, both women and men, without discrimination and privilege, have equal rights and obligations before the law"

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1977 - The Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan (RAWA) was founded by Meena Keshwar Kamal.

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1977 - The Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan (RAWA) was founded by Meena Keshwar Kamal.

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They continue to operate in the Afghanistan-Pakistan region

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1978-92 - Unprecedented periods of equality for women

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1978-92 - Unprecedented periods of equality for women

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Post the Saur Revolution, the democratic republic of Afghanistan and subsequently, the Republic of Afghanistan came into power bringing a period of equality for both men and women.

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The government transitioned into the Islamic State of Afghanistan with one of the goals being to abolish the freedom women had enjoyed in the "anti-Islamic" communist-socialist period of the 80s.

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1993 - The Government Office of Research and Decrees made gender norms the law

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1993 - The Government Office of Research and Decrees made gender norms the law

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"Women need not leave their homes at all, unless absolutely necessary, in which case, they are to cover themselves completely; are not to wear attractive clothing and decorative accessories; do not wear perfume; their jewelry must not make any noise; they are not to walk gracefully or with pride and in the middle of the sidewalk; are not to talk to strangers; are not to speak loudly or laugh in public; and they must always ask their husbands’ permission to leave home."

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The Taliban emerged in Afghanistan’s southern Kandahar after it was founded by Mullah Mohammad Omar and his students.  Omar made it his mission to establish a strict Islamic rule based on his religious interpretations and used it as the pretext to clear the country from corruption. This persuaded up to 15,000 religious students from Afghanistan and Pakistan to join the group.

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After suffering from war, the Taliban became more popular among some Afghans who were lured by the group’s alleged Islamic values and ideas of governance, along with promises of restoring order.  The Taliban became richer through opium trade and began to impose strict rules, including banning women from going out without a male guardian, forcing them to cover up from head-to-toe and holding public executions and amputations.

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Introduce hard-line version of Islam, banning women from work, and introducing Islamic punishments, which include stoning to death and amputations. Abolishment of women employment reduced education for both genders as most teachers were previously female. Forced prostitution, slavery and human trafficking became common place in the new regime.

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1997 – Taliban recognised as legitimate rulers by Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.

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1997 – Taliban recognised as legitimate rulers by Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.

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Most other countries continue to regard Rabbani as head of state. Taliban now control about two-thirds of country, worsening the rights of women as per the Taliban's extremist ideology.

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2007 – Taliban’s most senior military commander, Mullah Dadullah, is killed during fighting with US, Afghan forces.  

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2007 – Taliban’s most senior military commander, Mullah Dadullah, is killed during fighting with US, Afghan forces.  

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Afghan and Pakistani troops clash on the border in the worst violence in decades in a simmering border dispute.

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Even in this period, the repurcussions of the past were clear. In 2013, the UN found a 20% increase in violence against women due to domestic violence being justified by conservative religion and culture. Although the government allowed women to do activities such as driving, the olympics and robotics. All this continued as US troops slowly reduced activity in the region.

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2021 - The Taliban regains control establishing a new all-male government

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2021 - The Taliban regains control establishing a new all-male government

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Even though the Taliban assured equality for women, this was far from what was put into practice as secondary and tertiary education denied women entirely and gender segregation was continuously practiced in the education that was provided.