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Will Climate Change Affect Sports? It Already Has.

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Will Climate Change Affect Sports? It Already Has.

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Rising average temperatures around the world are a problem for the Winter Olympics. Not as many places may be able to host the Games in the future because they will be too warm for snow sports. (AFP/Getty Images)

President Joe Biden met this week with world leaders at the United Nations climate change conference in Glasgow, Scotland. KidsPost is publishing stories about the worldwide climate problem.

I'm the sports guy at KidsPost. So what does climate change have to do with sports? A lot.

Climate change is the change in the world's average temperatures and weather patterns caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels (oil, coal, natural gas and others).

As a result of climate change, places are experiencing rising temperatures that may cause droughts and wildfires such as those in California and Australia. Climate change may also be causing more severe weather such as heavy rainstorms and hurricanes. In addition, ocean levels are rising.

All this affects sports in many ways. Rising temperatures mean shorter winters. This threatens winter sports such as downhill and cross-country skiing.

Are you looking forward to the Winter Olympics in February? A recent study estimated that because of rising temperatures only 11 of the 20 sites that have hosted a Winter Olympics would be able to host the Winter Games in 2050. Nine of the sites may become too warm for snow sports.

I like golf. Some of the world's greatest golf courses are built near an ocean. Rising sea levels may threaten these courses in the coming years.

Some climate consequences are happening now. Officials at this summer's Olympic Games moved the marathons and distance-walking events to a more northern city because of the heat in Tokyo, Japan. Tennis players at the 2020 Australian Open were affected by the smoke from nearby wildfires.

More storms and heavy rains will mean more canceled games and events. This may affect high school and kids' games more, because their athletic fields typically do not drain as well as fields where professionals play.

Some sports people are trying to do something about the problem.

The United Nations on Wednesday urged sports teams to meet the environmental targets they signed up for at the 2015 climate conference.

The Climate Pledge Arena in Seattle, Washington, is the new home of the Kraken of the National Hockey League and the Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association. It's the first sports venue in the world with a pledge to be "carbon-neutral," meaning that it won't pollute the environment like other sports venues.

The arena's owners plan to achieve its carbon-neutral status in part by using only renewable electric energy and recycled water. The ice that the Kraken teammates play on, for example, is made of recycled water.

The majority of food served at the arena comes from local farmers, and leftovers are donated to food banks.

The arena plans to stop using single-use plastics by 2024. The teams also urge spectators to use electric cars and public transportation and not fuel-burning cars to travel to games and concerts.

The owners plan to make public the progress toward their goal in the years to come.

Climate change is a big problem. It will take everyone working together - as players on winning sports teams do - to make things better.

Sports has shown a dark side, but that doesn't mean kids should stop playing

Washington Capitals have proven stars, but they need to look to the future

The Wizards gave up a star, but they got 4 role players this season

A reminder from the KidsPost team: Our stories are geared to 7- to 13-year-olds. We welcome discussion from readers of all ages, but please follow our community rules and make comments appropriate for that age group.

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Perspective | Will climate change affect sports? It already has.

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President Joe Biden met this week with world leaders at the United Nations climate change conference in Glasgow, Scotland. KidsPost is publishing stories about the worldwide climate problem. I'm the sports guy at KidsPost. So what does climate change have to do with sports? A lot.

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NBA Commissioner Talks About League's Effort Toward Sustainability

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NBA Commissioner Talks About League's Effort Toward Sustainability

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On day three of Aspen Ideas: Climate, one of the first sessions included a conversation between NBA Commissioner Adam Silver and Executive Director of the Aspen Institute's Sports and Society program, Tom Farrey.

Silver talked at length about how the NBA is getting in the game of sustainability and climate action.

The NBA has signed on to halve emissions by 2030 and aim for net zero by 2040. So the commissioner was asked about how there going to go about that. The short answer is leading by example and leveraging the platform.

"We have this convening power that, even by virtue of my being included in this conference, that's a signal that we're sending to our many fans and followers of our leagues that this is something that is a priority for us," Silver said.

The commissioner highlighted a few very specific examples of the league addressing its own climate issues. Team travel is a major contributor to NBA carbon emissions but the league has taken steps to fix that with schedule changes.

"We've made changes in the schedule to reduce the travel, saying that if a team is going to LA, it may seem like a simple thing, but play the Lakers and the Clippers in the same trip rather than crisscrossing across the country separate times. That can make a difference," Silver explained.

Changing Climate South Florida

In-depth coverage of South Florida's changing climate and environmental issues

Another example given included our white-hot Miami Heat, which are leading the way with food waste reduction.

"In terms of food, the Miami Heat created a program where excess food is distributed to the food banks throughout the city of Miami," said Silver.

This program not only cuts food waste but also has a positive impact on food insecurity in underserved communities.

More examples from the head of the NBA included sourcing sustainable materials for gear, like jerseys and shoes, and future plans for arena locations near public transportation to reduce carbon emissions of fans heading to the games.

Silver made it clear that they'll do what it takes to get there.

"We're pledging to get there. Our goal is to get there but I think in order to measure what there is, we have a lot of work to do around the league to best understand what our footprint is right now and go from there," he said.

The commissioner reiterated numerous times during his talk about how important the NBA's role is in having a positive impact on not only climate change but on social justice issues as well, adding support for the players who are passionate about these issues.

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NBA Commissioner Talks About League's Efforts Toward Sustainability

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On day three of Aspen Ideas: Climate, one of the first sessions included a conversation between NBA Commissioner Adam Silver and Executive Director of the Aspen Institute's Sports and Society program, Tom Farrey. Silver talked at length about how the NBA is getting in the game of sustainability and climate action.

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NBA commissioner talks about leage's effort toward sustainability 

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NBA commissioner talks about leage's effort toward sustainability 

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I found out that the travelling to state to state causes a lot of pollution because of the gasses. Like plains and cars. So to prevent that, they said to move the stadium next to a public transported station.

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Climate Change: Why the Olympics Will Never Be the Same

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Climate Change: Why the Olympics Will Never Be the Same

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Climate change: why the Olympics will never be the same  | Briefly

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Climate Change Could Cut World Economy by $23 Trillion in 2050

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Climate Change Could Cut World Economy by $23 Trillion in 2050

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Poor nations would be particularly hard hit, but few would escape, Swiss Re said. The findings could influence how the industry prices insurance and invests its mammoth portfolios.

Flooding in Jakarta, Indonesia, after torrential rains in February. An analysis by Swiss Re found that a "severe case" of temperature gains would shrink the economy of Indonesia by 40 percent. Credit... Dita Alangkara/Associated Press

WASHINGTON - Rising temperatures are likely to reduce global wealth significantly by 2050, as crop yields fall, disease spreads and rising seas consume coastal cities, a major insurance company warned Thursday, highlighting the consequences if the world fails to quickly slow the use of fossil fuels.

The effects of climate change can be expected to shave 11 percent to 14 percent off global economic output by 2050 compared with growth levels without climate change, according to a report from Swiss Re, one of the world's largest providers of insurance to other insurance companies. That amounts to as much as $23 trillion in reduced annual global economic output worldwide as a result of climate change.

Some Asian nations could have one-third less wealth than would otherwise be the case, the company said. "Our analysis shows the potential costs that economies could face should governments fail to act more decisively on climate," said Patrick Saner, who is in charge of global macroeconomic forecasts for Swiss Re.

The projections come as world leaders gather Thursday and Friday for a virtual climate summit in Washington hosted by President Biden, who has urged countries to do more to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. Mr. Biden is expected to pledge to cut the United States' emissions by about half by 2030.

The new report makes clear the stakes involved in those negotiations.

"For hazards where confidence of a direct link with global warming is medium/high, such as heat waves, wildfires, droughts and torrential rainfall, we are adjusting our pricing model," Jerome Jean Haegeli, Swiss Re's chief economist, said in a statement.

The projections could also influence investments by Swiss Re and other insurance companies, which collectively manage about $30 trillion in assets, according to Mr. Haegeli.

If countries succeed at holding average global temperature increases to less than two degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels - the goal set by the 2015 Paris accord, an agreement among nations to fight climate change - economic losses by midcentury would be marginal, according to Swiss Re. The company found that most countries' economies would be no more than 5 percent smaller than would otherwise be the case.

But current emission levels are far from those targets. Global temperatures are likely to increase as much 2.6 degrees by 2050 based on current trajectories, Swiss Re reported.

A home in Orange County, Calif., burned in December in the Bond Fire. Homeowners in the state who are particularly exposed to wildfires are increasingly struggling to get insurance. Credit... Noah Berger/Associated Press

If that happens, the economy of the United States would be as much as 7 percent smaller than in a world without climate change, the report estimated. Other wealthy Western nations, including Canada, Britain and France, could lose between 6 percent and 10 percent of their potential economic output.

For poorer nations, which tend to be more exposed to warmer temperatures but have less ability to adapt their infrastructure and economies in response, the consequences would be far more dire.

Even if the increase in global temperature is held to two degrees Celsius, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand would each see economic growth 20 percent below what they could otherwise expect by 2050, Swiss Re estimated. At 2.6 degrees, each country would have one-third less wealth than would otherwise be the case.

And that's not the worst-case scenario. Swiss Re also modeled the economic impacts of a 3.2-degree increase by 2050, which it described as the "severe case" for temperature gains.

If that happened, levels of wealth in Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand would drop almost by half compared with a world with no climate change. The economy of Indonesia would be 40 percent smaller. India's would be 35 percent smaller.

The growing financial exposure of insurance companies to climate change is already having an effect on places at high risk.

The United States government implemented a new pricing structure this month for flood insurance, which will mean higher costs for the most flood-prone homes. In California, homeowners in areas that are especially exposed to wildfires increasingly struggle to get insurance, prompting efforts by state officials to intervene.

The Biden administration is expected to issue an executive order directing insurance regulators to assess the climate-related risks facing insurance companies.

During the past 40 years, the United States has experienced almost 300 weather and climate-related disasters that exceeded $1 billion in losses each, noted Donald L. Griffin, a vice president at the American Property Casualty Insurance Association, which represents insurance companies.

Last year alone, there were 22 such billion-dollar disasters.

If climate change continues unabated, he said, the cost of insurance risks becoming too high in at-risk areas. "We can't just continue to rebuild in the same way," Mr. Griffin said. "It's going to make the product less affordable."

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Climate Change Could Cut World Economy by $23 Trillion in 2050, Insurance Giant Warns

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Poor nations would be particularly hard hit, but few would escape, Swiss Re said. The findings could influence how the industry prices insurance and invests its mammoth portfolios.

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Why Climate Change Could Lead to a Financial Crisis

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Why Climate Change Could Lead to a Financial Crisis

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Why climate change could lead to a financial crisis (and what we can do about it) | CNBC Reports

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This is How Climate Change Could Impact the Global Economy

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This is How Climate Change Could Impact the Global Economy

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This is how climate change could impact the global economy

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The impact of climate change can be more severe than thought. It is said that rising temperatures could wipe up to 18% off global GDP by 2050, a report from the Swiss Re Institute warns.

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Sports will be largely affected by climate change in the future because of the temperature being too hot to play in. Indoor sports can have air conditioning and fans but outdoor sports such as tennis and beach volleyball have already needed to make changes and adjustments because of the extreme weather conditions. Sport is a big community that brings countries together so if they make action and commit to a goal, it may be possible to slow down this climate change.

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5 Signs of How Climate Change is Unraveling Earth's Ecosystems

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5 Signs of How Climate Change is Unraveling Earth's Ecosystems

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This story is part of a group of stories called

The biodiversity crisis, explained

By now, many symptoms of climate change, from heat-fueled superstorms to rising sea levels, are impossible to ignore. But there's another, less-visible consequence of global warming that is just as disturbing: the staggering loss of plants and animals and the countless benefits they provide.

In a new report from the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), researchers from 67 countries warned that warming is putting a large portion of the world's biodiversity and ecosystems at risk of extinction, even under relatively conservative estimates. Never before has an IPCC report - considered the gold standard for climate science - revealed in such stark detail how climate change is harming nature.

What ails wildlife ails us, the authors wrote. Humans are inextricably dependent on many species that are in jeopardy from rising temperatures, whether they're animals that pollinate crops, filterrivers and streams, or feed us. In the US alone, for example, more than 150 crops depend on pollinators, including nearly all fruits and grains, and climate change puts them at risk.

Humans have warmed the planet by an average of 1.1 degrees Celsius (2 degrees Fahrenheit) since the 19th century. While the landmark Paris agreement aims to limit warming to 1.5 to 2 degrees Celsius, global temperatures are on track to grow to between 2 and 3 degrees C by the end of the century.

The IPCC's lengthy report is packed with evidence of how rising temperatures are putting biodiversity and ecosystems at risk - but the following five figures stand out. Each is a reminder of what we have to lose and how much we can gain if governments and companies dramatically cut their carbon emissions.

14 percent of all species living on land are at risk of going extinct

If the planet warms by 1.5 degrees Celsius - which is almost certain - up to 14 percent of all plants and animals on land will likely face a high risk of extinction, according to the report. The outlook becomes graver if temperatures rise even further; with 3 degrees of warming, for example, up to 29 percent of species on land could face extinction.

In the next few decades, some plants and animals will likely experience temperatures "beyond their historical experience," especially those that live in polar regions, the authors wrote. Even 1.2 degrees Celsius of warming - just above current levels - puts many ecosystems at risk from heatwaves, drought, and other climate extremes, they added.

Climate change is likely to take a greater toll on animals that are found only in one location, known as endemic species.

47 percent of species have already lost some of their populations due to climate change

Global warming has already extinguished local populations of many creatures - roughly half of the 976 species that one researcher studied in 2016. The American pika, for example, has disappeared from a large swath of its former habitat in the Sierra Nevada mountains in California, likely due to climate change, according to a 2017 study. Adapted to cool weather, these small mammals are especially vulnerable to unusually warm weather.

In 2005, heatwaves decimated a subspecies of lemuroid ringtail possum, a rare marsupial, in Queensland, Australia, according to the report. And rising seas and storm surges were likely behind the recent extinction of an Australian rodent called the Bramble Cay melomys.

Just last summer, scorching temperatures killed hundreds of millions of marine animals in the Pacific Northwest, from sea stars to mussels. They also threatened millions of young salmon - fish with intricate and important ties to Indigenous tribes. These kinds of species losses are worse in the tropics and in freshwater ecosystems, the authors write.

Half of all species have moved toward the poles or up mountains

Climate change is also reorganizing entire ecosystems. To escape deadly temperatures, plants and animals are moving to (once) colder climates - that is, toward the poles, up mountainsides, or into deeper water.

Roughly half of all species studied have moved toward the poles or to a higher elevation, according to the report. Those shifts are especially noticeable at sea, where they've traveled on average 59 kilometers (37 miles) per decade poleward, according to the report. Large numbers of Atlantic mackerel, for example, have moved from waters near the UK and Scandinavia to Iceland, spurring geopolitical tensions related to fishing rights.

The warming climate is changing animals in other ways, too. A large number of studies, for example, suggests that it's making many species smaller.

Coral reefs could decline by 90 percent

Climate scientists have an especially grim prognosis for coral reefs: Just 1.5 degrees Celsius of warming could destroy up to 90 percent of tropical coral reefs, which are home to an incredible diversity of organisms and form the basis of many fisheries.

Global warming hits reefs with a double-punch. Oceans absorb a third or more of the carbon dioxide that enters the atmosphere, which makes them more acidic over time. That's bad news for reefs - as is unusually warm water. Rising ocean temperatures can cause coral to eject the algae that live harmoniously with them, in a process known as bleaching. Bleached coral is more likely to die.

"Almost all coral reefs will degrade from their current state, even if global warming remains below 2 degrees C," the researchers wrote. "Their global decline shows that we don't need to look into the future to recognize the urgency of climate action."

Climate change will make 8 percent of the world's farmland "unsuitable" by 2100

The impact of climate change on food production is equally troubling. According to the report, just 1.6 degrees C of warming this century will make 8 percent of today's farmland "climatically unsuitable." And by 2100, there will be , not fewer, mouths to feed globally.

The decline of fish caused by climate change also puts food security at risk, because so many coastal communities worldwide depend on fisheries. Scientists project that in tropical Africa, people will lose up to 41 percent of their fisheries' yield by the end of the century "due to local extinctions of marine fish," under 1.6 degrees Celsius of warming. "Declining fish harvests could leave millions of people vulnerable to malnutrition," the authors wrote.

Climate change is also threatening varieties of coffee, chocolate, and other foods we love.

How to slow the extinction crisis

Later this year, government officials from around the world will meet to hammer out a global deal to prevent the loss of biodiversity. The deal - which is part of an international treaty called the Convention on Biological Diversity - is likely to include a commitment to conserve at least 30 percent of all land and seas by 2030.

According to the IPCC authors, reaching that target would make ecosystems healthier and offset much of the damage that climate change is causing. "Healthy ecosystems are more resilient to climate change and provide life-critical services such as food and clean water," said Hans-Otto Pörtner, who co-chairs IPCC's Working Group II, which published the report.

But ultimately, to protect nature, companies and governments - and, to a lesser extent, individuals - will have to reduce their emissions, and fast. "Any further delay in concerted global action," Pörtner said, "will miss a brief and rapidly closing window to secure a livable future."

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5 signs of how climate change is unraveling Earth's ecosystems

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The biodiversity crisis, explained By now, many symptoms of climate change, from heat-fueled superstorms to rising sea levels, are impossible to ignore. But there's another, less-visible consequence of global warming that is just as disturbing: the staggering loss of plants and animals and the countless benefits they provide.

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Scroll down to the section called "Impacted Species and Places" then click to explore.

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Effects of Climate Change | Threats | WWF

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Sea levels are rising and oceans are becoming warmer. Longer, more intense droughts threaten crops, wildlife and freshwater supplies. From polar bears in the Arctic to marine turtles off the coast of Africa, our planet’s diversity of life is at risk from the changing climate.
Climate change poses a…

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How Animals Are Rapidly Evolving Because of Climate Change

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How Animals Are Rapidly Evolving Because of Climate Change

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How Animals Are Rapidly Evolving Because of Climate Change | WIRED

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How Climate Change is Making Food Insecurity Worse

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How Climate Change is Making Food Insecurity Worse

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How climate change is making food insecurity worse

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How climate change increases hunger — and why we’re all at risk

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The climate crisis is fueling the hunger crisis, and with our food systems more global than ever, we all stand to lose.

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What Climate Change Means for the Future of Coffee and Other Popular Foods

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What Climate Change Means for the Future of Coffee and Other Popular Foods

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By the year 2050, the world's agricultural landscape could look very different than it looks now.

Around 10 billion people will need to be fed, up from the nearly 8 billion on Earth today, and climate change will alter where that food comes from. Already, warming temperatures are allowing tropical foods to thrive in growing regions further north, where they haven't before-citrus, for example, is being grown in Georgia and avocados on Italy's island of Sicily.

"Take your computer and type in climate change followed by your favorite food, and you will, half the time, get a climate change story affecting your favorite food," says Michael Hoffman, an author of the recently published book Our Changing Menu.

A new study published in the journal PLOS One models how growing conditions for three popular foods-coffee, cashews, and avocados-will change in the next 30 years, and found a complex landscape of winners and losers.

Of the three crops, coffee will be hit hardest by warming: The study model foresees an overall decline by 2050 in the number of regions where it could grow. For cashews and avocados, results were more complicated. Certain growing regions would experience declines in those crops while others, such as the southern United States, would likely find more land better suited to tropical food crops like cashews and avocados.

This research expands on previous studies that already documented the detrimental effect climate change will have on coffee beans. It offers more evidence of decline by looking at a wider range of factors, such as how the PH and texture of soil could change with more rainfall. It's also the first global look at how climate change will affect cashew- and avocado-growing regions.

"Certainly it's possible to adapt in many places" to compensate for shifting conditions, says study author Roman Grüter, an environmental scientist at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences in Switzerland. Scientists and farmers are already experimenting with crossbreeding certain crops to create hardier traits that can better survive climate change. In some regions, as in the state of Georgia and Sicily, entirely new species of crops are being planted. But the study cautions that may not be enough.

"At some point it might not be possible for a crop to grow anymore" in its traditional region, says Grüter.

Modeling the future

Studies modeling climate change's impact on agriculture have often looked at lucrative crops such as soy, corn, and wheat. But Grüter says the kinds of foods grown on small-scale farms have been less studied, though they'll be a crucial piece of the puzzle when preparing the global food supply for climate change. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, small farms produce a third of the world's food. And the three crops analyzed in the study are also important to understand because unlike corn or wheat, they're planted years in advance of harvests-meaning decisions about what types of crops to grow are based on assumptions about future growing conditions such as temperatures and rainfall patterns.

The world has already warmed by 1.1 degrees Celsius (2 degrees Fahrenheit), causing more heat stress in plants and an increase in the severity of natural disasters. By 2100, the world could heat up by 3°C (5.5°F). Looking at 14 different models, the researchers predicted how global conditions would change under three different climate scenarios: a drastic reduction in greenhouse gas emissions that limits warming to 1.6°C (2.9°F), a moderate reduction that limits warming to 2.4°C (4.3°F), and a worst-case scenario where warming exceeds 4°C (over 7°F).

The study results were characterized by three buckets of "suitability"-high suitability being where a certain crop would produce the highest yield without relying on irrigation and fertilizers.

Of the three crops, coffee was by far the most affected by future climate. By 2050, in all three climate scenarios, the number of regions most highly suited for growing coffee declined by 50 percent. The decline was primarily the result of increasing annual temperatures in coffee-producing countries like Brazil, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Colombia.

For cashews, declines varied widely. Some declines were drastic. In West Africa's Benin, high annual temperatures were projected to drive a nearly 55 percent decline in land highly suited for growing cashews, even when emissions were slashed. Other countries saw just single digit declines if nothing further were done to mitigate climate change. Overall, however, land suitable for growing cashews was projected to increase by 17 percent around the world, thanks to increasingly warm winters in higher and lower latitudes like the U.S., Argentina, and Australia.

Avocados, which evolved to grow in rainforests, had similarly varied results, and saw changes to where they can grow based largely on shifts in precipitation. Warmer climates can hold more moisture, leading to more rainfall, and warming regions were projected to produce more rain by 2050. Regions best suited for growing avocados were estimated to decline by 14 to 41 percent around the world in countries such as the Dominican Republic and Indonesia, but regions moderately suited for growing the fruit increased by 12 to 20 percent.

In Mexico, currently the top producer of the fruit, suitable avocado-growing conditions were expected to increase by anywhere from 66 to 87 percent, based on emissions emitted by 2050.

The study's results are consistent with what University of Georgia agriculture climatologist Pam Knox has seen in the Peach State. She says food growers have been experimenting with new foods now suited to the region's warming winter climate.

( Read more about how climate change will affect the state's iconic peach.)

"Farmers are already taking advantage of this in the southeastern U.S. by trying out new crops like olives and satsumas," she says in an email.

Adapting foods for the future

What might the varied study results mean for our global food supply in 2050?

How climate change will affect future food security needs more research, Hoffman says. For example, he says, climate change increases the amount and kind of pests that attack crops. The natural assumption may be that those crops will decline, but what if the number of the pests' predators also increases? As some growing regions expand while others shrink, it's challenging to predict the fates of specific food items.

What is clear, says Hoffman, who was former executive director at the Cornell Institute for Climate Smart Solutions, is that the decline of a particular crop can have a devastating impact on the local level-"like a giant factory moving out of town."

To help communities weather this change, the study says food growers will need to adapt in a variety of ways, from using cover crops to keep soil healthy to breeding more climate-hardy varieties, such as coffee that can tolerate higher temperatures.

But as a solution, breeding has limitations: It can take years to perfect, and plant breeders may not be able to keep up with the pace of climate change, says Charles Brummer, director of the plant breeding center at the University of California, Davis. Even the most heat-tolerant plants may not be able to successfully produce if heat waves become more severe and more frequent.

By predicting decades in advance how agriculture will change, scientists can help farmers know what to expect, and can advise policy makers on how to encourage farmers to use more efficient growing methods like cover crops to prevent erosion or planting new crops when needed.

"It's crucial for food and nutrition security to model such changes and their impacts on agriculture," says Grüter. "We model now mainly cash crops, but avocado is also an important, nutritious crop."

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What climate change means for the future of coffee, cashews, and avocados

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By the year 2050, the world's agricultural landscape could look very different than it looks now. Around 10 billion people will need to be fed, up from the nearly 8 billion on Earth today, and climate change will alter where that food comes from.

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Food Waste: The Hidden Cost of the Food We Throw Out

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Food Waste: The Hidden Cost of the Food We Throw Out

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Food Waste: The Hidden Cost of the Food We Throw Out I ClimateScience #9

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How Climate Change Is Making Food Insecurities Worse

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How Climate Change Is Making Food Insecurities Worse

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Because the climate is changing so much the food that we produce and the way we make them is beginning to change. For example, its is getting so hot that the plants we are growing are beginning to loose nutrition. I find it interesting to see how things that happen because of us end up effecting us in unbelievable ways.

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Climate Change May Weaken Children's Education in the Tropics

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Climate Change May Weaken Children's Education in the Tropics

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In parts of the tropics, exposure to extreme temperature or rainfall in early life is associated with fewer years of schooling in later childhood. This finding comes from my new article in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, with coauthor Clark Gray. As climate change leads to increasingly severe heat waves, floods, droughts, and hurricanes, it is important to understand how extreme weather impacts kids' education in different parts of the world. This will help decisionmakers develop solutions to keep children in school in a world of increasing climate variability.

Education is critical for socioeconomic development. It expands skills. It increases job opportunities. It helps people improve their living standards. Education contributes to gender equality. Despite these crucial benefits, access to education remains a challenge, particularly in the world's poorest nations. In 2016, 263 million school-aged children, one in five kids globally, remained out of school. As part of the Sustainable Development Goals, the United Nations hopes that by 2030, all children worldwide will complete primary and secondary school. But climate change may make this harder to achieve.

Climate's Effect on Education

Climatic conditions can impact schooling outcomes in several different ways. In the most direct sense, extreme weather events such as tropical cyclones may destroy or damage school buildings, or schools may be used to shelter people who have been displaced from their homes. This leaves children temporarily unable to attend school, and some kids may never return to their studies. Agricultural households suffering losses to income and food security caused by droughts or heat waves may not have enough money to pay school fees or may pull their children out of school to help earn additional income. During severe droughts, girls may miss school because they must travel longer distances to collect water or may be married off at an early age, which often coincides with dropping out of school. In addition, entire families may migrate in search of food, water, and employment, pulling their kids out of school.

Climatic conditions can also affect schooling outcomes in more indirect ways. Extreme weather experienced in utero and during early life can impact children's education years later by shaping birth outcomes as well as child health and nutrition. The prenatal period and first few years of life are when the brain develops most rapidly, so adequate nutrition during this period is critical for kids' well-being. Studies find that both low birthweight and early childhood undernutrition are associated with poorer cognitive development and lower educational attainment later in life.

Climatic conditions can affect birth outcomes and child health in several ways. Reduced agricultural production due to droughts, heat, or floods can negatively affect the nutrition of pregnant women or young children. Flooding in early life can cause diarrheal and other waterborne diseases, which may lead to acute malnutrition. Exposure to extreme heat in pregnancy, particularly during the third trimester, can lead to preterm birth and low birthweight. Lastly, experiencing a natural disaster can destroy a family's home and sources of income, food, and clean water, leading to stress and limiting resources available for pregnant women and young children. Exposure to extreme weather events like these in early life impacts kids during critical periods of development, potentially leaving them at an educational disadvantage compared to those who experienced more favorable climatic conditions.

Evidence from the Global Tropics

This study builds upon a prior study in rural Ethiopia, in which we found that more rainfall during the main agricultural season, as well as cooler springs and summers in early childhood, were positively associated with having completed at least one year of school. These findings prompted us to examine the relationships between early life rainfall and temperature conditions and educational attainment across multiple countries and regions.

We found that in Southeast Asia - a region that is historically hot and humid - experiencing hotter-than-typical conditions is associated with fewer years of schooling. Greater rainfall is positively associated with education West and Central Africa as well as Southeast Asia (the two hottest regions), and higher-than-average rainfall is associated with less education in Central America and the Caribbean (a region that is prone to hurricanes).

We predicted that kids from the most educated households would be best protected from the effects of climate, but to our surprise we discovered that these kids suffer most when exposed to extreme temperatures. Children from more highly educated households have the highest potential schooling trajectories to begin with, and as such, they have the most to lose in a warming world. In contrast, kids from the least educated households have many other barriers to school attendance (for example, poverty, food insecurity, lack of nearby schools, and child labor) that could outweigh the effects of early life climate.

The one exception is in Central America and the Caribbean, where we found that high rainfall was associated with lower educational attainment, but only among children from the least educated households who lived in countries that were hurricane prone. The poorest households lose the greatest percentage of their assets and income during hurricanes and other natural disasters. This suggests that exposure to hurricanes can have lasting, long term impacts on education among kids from the most vulnerable families.

Solutions to Keep Kids in School in a Changing Climate

To ensure that kids remain in school despite a changing climate, we need more research to understand how climatic conditions impact education in different places and among different populations. For example, a study in a rural part of East Africa might find that the effect of droughts on agricultural production and household income drives the climate-education relationship. In this case, there are several potential solutions that could help make kids from farming or livestock herding households less vulnerable.

For example, programs could provide drought- or heat-tolerant crop varieties or help farmers diversify their livelihoods to include non-agricultural income sources. Crop or livestock insurance programs, which are already being tested on a small scale, could provide payouts to farmers during periods of adverse weather to prevent income losses. Or government programs could provide cash transfers to poor households, which would help buffer their income during periods of environmental stress. In Kenya, a cash transfer program targeted at the most vulnerable households helped families keep their daughters in school during a recent drought.

Solutions such as these would help improve the nutrition of young children and pregnant women and would lessen the need for agricultural families to pull their kids out of school. There are many other potential pathways between climate and education-from exposure to extreme heat in utero to experiencing severe hurricanes in early childhood. Each of these pathways will necessitate specific strategies to ensure that kids can make the most of their educational potential.
Heather Randell is an environmental sociologist and demographer at the University of Maryland. In fall 2019, she will join the faculty at Penn State as an assistant professor of rural sociology. Sources: American Journal of Epidemiology, Economics & Human Biology, Feed the Future, Global Environmental Change, Journal of Health Economics, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Reuters, Review of Economics and Statistics, Sustainable Development Goals Knowledge Platform, The Lancet, The Star, UN Women, UNESCO, UNICEF, World Development. Photo Credit: A Riak Bumi staff member, gives instructions on coloring sketches. The event was to promote orangutan awareness through art (drawing, songs etc), West Kalimantan, Indonesia, May, 2010. Photo by Ramadian Bachtiar/CIFOR

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Climate Change May Weaken Children's Education in the Tropics

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In parts of the tropics, exposure to extreme temperature or rainfall in early life is associated with fewer years of schooling in later childhood. This finding comes from my new article in the [...]

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How Climate Change is Affecting the Right to Education

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How Climate Change is Affecting the Right to Education

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Australian Institute of International Affairs

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Though education, as a fundamental human right, should be accessible to everyone, schooling remains unattainable for much of the world. Now climate change represents yet another barrier to the right to education.
With the increasing impact of climate change, humanity is witnessing more people being displaced, and infrastructure, including education facilities, destroyed by sudden-onset disasters. It is often confronting to see people deprived of their abodes and having nowhere to go. This leaves them unable to receive an education, further exacerbating the gap between those who are advantaged and disadvantaged. It is therefore important that states seriously consider the impact of climate change on the right to education and adopt policies to address this issue.

Multiple international human rights treaties recognise and define the right to education including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), and The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). According to Article 26 of the UDHR, "Everyone has the right to education, that education must be free from elementary and secondary stages, and that elementary education is compulsory." The right to education requires states to allocate the maximum possible resource to make sure people have access to at least the minimum essentials of education.

Climate change increasingly impacts the right to education. First, those who become displaced due to climate change events or processes often end up being unable to gain access to education. Even where there is access to education, displacement to new areas can lead to language barriers causing frustration and, if unable to be overcome, can lead children to drop out of school. Trauma from displacement itself can also negatively affect a child's educational performance due to constant instability and a lack of additional time and support focused on these children. The negative effect of climate change on those in developing countries can be seen through its impact on important cognitive skills and progress in school being stunted due to malnutrition.

Second, climate change exerts financial and economic pressure on states which already possess limited resources. This means resources are diverted away from the education sector and states end up being unable to fulfil their obligations to provide access to quality education. This can be seen, for example, in the gender gap in enrolment. Climate change has a disproportionate effect on girls, often causing them to fall further behind in enrolment rates. Studies suggest that by 2025 at least 12.5 million girls could potentially be out of school due to climate change. Girls from developing countries can be forced to walk long distances to find safe drinking water, and in some cases are married off at a young age, stopping them from gaining an education.

Climate change also impacts the right to education directly through extreme weather conditions. Events such as typhoons and hurricanes can destroy school buildings and equipment, which leaves students either temporarily or permanently unable to attend school. Exposure to this kind of extreme weather conditions for children in their early childhood, impacts them at a critical time in their development, causing them even more of an educational disadvantage compared to others who are not exposed to such conditions.

These are all challenges and barriers that climate change poses to the right to education. The absence of a rights-based approach to climate change imposes additional barriers to effective policymaking and action. It is primarily the responsibility of policymakers to understand the genuine threat of climate change on the right to education and to address it.

There are several actions that states need to take to ensure all children can access education despite climate change. The main challenge to this is, of course, climate change itself. States need to stop shirking responsibilities and embrace their commitments to the reduction of greenhouse emissions to prevent global warming.

Recognising the interrelationship between human rights is another key step. The fulfilment of socio-economic and cultural rights had a direct impact on the right to education. For example, governments should endeavour to provide access to clean and safe water near homes so that all children, especially girls who are from developing countries, are not forced to miss schooling due to the need to find available safe water. As water becomes a more precious resource, without direct government intervention by way of water infrastructure, it will become ever harder to receive an education if a child's chore is to fetch clean water from an unreliable source.

It is also vital that greater resources and funding are allocated towards better understanding the link between climate change and education, including the collection of data and evidence relating to displaced populations due to climate change. Governments and nations must plan ahead for crises which may displace vulnerable persons, so that they are protected through legislation conventions and removing financial barriers that hinder access to education. Affording everyone the right to education, will require cooperation between the regional and international communities. Legal frameworks need to be developed to create legal channels for bilateral and regional agreements so that there can be a reduction of the vulnerabilities that migration places on migrants when trying to obtain an education.

To ensure climate change does not affect people gaining access to education, all states must act towards planning and putting in place actions so that no one suffers from a lack of education. Although these changes will not be easy and will take time and state cooperation, the right to education is necessary in today's world and all children deserve an education despite the circumstances that surround them.
Olivia Gratton is a student at the University of Newcastle currently studying a Bachelor of Laws and Diploma of Legal Practice. Olivia completed her Bachelor of Communication in 2021 majoring in News and Digital Media. Fiona Chiu is an international student who is currently studying a graduate degree in Social Change and Development at the University of Newcastle. Fiona completed her Bachelor degree in Social Science in 2020, where she majored in Criminology.
This article is part of a series of submissions from students studying Human Rights and Climate Change-Induced Human Displacement at the University of Newcastle.
This article is published under a Creative Commons Licence and may be republished with attribution.

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How Climate Change Is Affecting The Right To Education - Australian Institute of International Affairs

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Though, education, as a fundamental human right, should be accessible to everyone, schooling remains unattainable for much of the world. Now climate change represents yet another barrier to the right to education.

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The Impact of Climate Change on Education

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The Impact of Climate Change on Education

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The Impact of Climate Change on Education: Pamhy's Story

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How Animals Are Rapidly Evolving Because Of Climate Change 

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How Animals Are Rapidly Evolving Because Of Climate Change 

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Because climate change is changing our environment, the animals and living things in these environments have learned to adapt to the new conditions. For example, because the hurricanes in our world are getting stronger, lizards have learnt to adapt and their toe pads have become bigger, along with their legs getting smaller to help them hold onto trees when the wind is trying to blow them off. I found it interesting to see how animals adapt differently to new and changed environments to match their needs.

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We discovered you can find and buy coral safe sunscreen, not only benefits you but also the coral.

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We found out that some sunscreen types are very bad for corals. When you are swimming with sunscreen on, bad chemicals like oxybenzone can go into the water which corals absorb and those chemicals can affect the reproduction and growth of the coral.

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we found out that Just 1.5 degrees Celsius of warming could destroy up to 90 percent of tropical coral reefs, which are home to an incredible diversity of organisms and form the basis of many fisheries. And another cause of extinction in coral reefs is non mineral sunscreen. When somebody wears non mineral sunscreen into the coral reef inhabited waters, it harms the coral reef's ability to reproduce and continue to make and grow other coral reefs

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I researched how the NHL and climate change are related. This is what I found "As the NHL says itself, its annual impact on the environment is massive: “The NHL features one of the biggest carbon footprint in world sport, with the NHL Emissions Report revealing that it produced more than 1,430 tonnes CO2 in carbon emissions in 2019 in travel to and from away fixtures"

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How would you summarize the relationship between climate change and the topic (ex. wildlife, music etc.)?

From this video I saw, I can summarize the relationship between climate change and this topic, wildlife, easily.

The video explains how the animals across the world have adapted to there surrounding that are effected by global warming. For example there are lizards that are getting blow away by hurricane. Because of the strong wind from the hurricane the lizards and fly off from there trees and die very easily. Now the hurricane have changed there body in a way so that they can survive these natural events. There front arms have grown longer and there grips have gotten bigger, there legs have also shrunk. This adaptation is good for them because the arms and grips have made it easier for them to stay on the trees and branches longer so that they can’t fly away and die.

What is something you found interesting or surprising? Why?

That there is many wildlife out there that are affected because of us. We created this mess which leads other species to go through the effect and pain. We need to fix this ignorer to create a more healthy and sustainable planet for ALL life out there.

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1. I would say that the relationship between the two (climate change and economics) would be that healthier options for the planet are way to expensive for some people and places and that taxes are increasing in some places meaning people can't afford things like cars, air conditioning and other essentials  that they need to live.
2. I found it interesting how many people, specifically famous people are taking action in this topic such as Bill Gates and The Pope.

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Food waste contributes CO2 because when it decomposed all the nutrients turn into CO2 which contributes to global warming which is causing crops in a lot of places to not be able to farm in areas they have been farming in for years but now when they farm in that area the crops have diseases and goes bad before it was even ripe. This is because the soil and the plant itself isnt used to the heat which rots it.

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1. The fact that many natural disasters have been so frequent, the amount of money that will cost to repair the damage caused is so great that in the future people say that there might a financial crisis because of climate change.
2. Something I found interesting is that climate change has recently caused many natural disasters.

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When I read this article I was surprised because I never knew that climate change could decrease the nutritional value of food. I also didnt know that climate change limits access to food.

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1. The fact that many natural disasters have been so frequent, the amount of money that will cost to repair the damage caused is so great that in the future people say that there might a financial crisis because of climate change.
2. Something I found interesting is that climate change has recently caused many natural disasters.

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1- Because Climate change is changing the world and the environment it also changes the animals that live in those effected areas. For example the Humboldt Squid in the past was high in length going from an average of 3 feet even up to 6 feet. Now when fisherman catch them they measure only half what they used to. Scientist are saying the drastic change in water temperature affected them, because the warmer water made them shrink and get a lot smaller.
2- I found this and the Lizard hands getting bigger from Hurricanes really interesting. I found that how the animals get evolved to a whole new state from just the weather and their environment conditions.

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most people who do outside sports in the sun have passed out or had to go home because of heat stroke and humidity. Climate change comes into part with this because of global warming, which causes the earth to heat up slowly. Even if we don't notice the summers getting hotter every year, the change is all around us. It wont be easy to slow the process of global warming, so it has to start with everyone contributing in this process. I find it interesting that global warming has gone way worse than the 80s

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I find it cool that climate change can impact the olimpic games in a way that not as many people will be able to host the games and in a long time the olimpic games may not be able to be host anywhere.

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Climate change makes it difficult to farm and without any food. Pamphy's mom makes money from the food she grows to pay for education and feed her children. I found it suprising that out of 884 people only 10% of people were paying for school

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Sports has been affected by climate change for long and during the Tokyo Olympics they had to solve some problems because of the immense heat. The athletes had to compete in hot weather and some were so hot that they had to spray water or be postponed. Now they try to solve it with the host following plans to solve climate change but they have not be following it. Also natural things like wildfires can postpone and stop the events because of the smoke. They now try to reduce travel and make better rules.

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The first video says that because climate change affects the way plants grow. When the soil is at a much hotter temperature than usual that's what affects the plant growth . Any food that is grown outside is less nutritious. People who don't have as much access to food are lacking nutrients  even more than a year or two ago.

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How animals are rapidly evolving because of climate change.

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How animals are rapidly evolving because of climate change.

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Because of climate change, the animals have to learn and adapt to this new circumstance. For example, because of hurricane increase lizards adapted and have bigger toe pads and smaller legs. This is so they can hold onto trees longer and easier. I found it interesting because I like how different animals have to adapt differently depending on where you live and which animal you are.

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Food waste affects climate change not only when the food rots, but during other stages such as production and transportation. Food waste during production could occur due to lack of material, bad soil or weather, and insects or pests. During transportation and storage, if the place where the food is kept is too hot or cold, then the food could go to waste. Another time that food can go to waste is when the visual appearance of the food is unusual or not ideal. Many commercials make food look very ideal and perfect, so when the food that is produced looks different, it often goes to waste even though it is perfectly edible. The problem when food is wasted is that all the materials that were used to produce it also goes to waste. One thing that I found interesting is that food is not only wasted when people throw it away, and it can be wasted many stages before it even gets to us.

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The food we eat has been significantly impacted in the past decade due to various reasons such as poverty, overpopulation, diseases, conflict, and climate change. However, climate change is the most concerning issue of all. Due to climate change, the temperature of the crops habitat is increasing, and the environment is becoming drier. This change in temperature affects the growth, transportation, and distribution of food. As a result, plants are already being affected, and natural disasters like droughts and wildfires are becoming more frequent. Moreover, climate change exacerbates world hunger, which is also known as "the next global pandemic." Harvests are shrinking due to the dryness of the land, and plant diseases are spreading rapidly. The cost of food will increase, and the price of healthy food will go up even more. This will affect poor communities the most. All in all, food has been affected by climate change, and if we don't do something about this soon, we're going to end up in a bad situation.

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Climate change and food are connected a lot because the weather is significant for the plant, and food to grow. For example, climate change causes the land to dry. To grow food, they need water and sun. But right now, there is less rain so the land is dry, and the plant won’t grow. But too much rain is also bad because the plants will not grow. Also, less fish because of climate change. Because climate change warms the ocean, lots of fish die. This means the food system is also affected by climate change. For these facts, climate change and food are really connecting each other and we should stop climate change.

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to summarize that climate changes is affecting sports like the olimpic games and outdoor sports one because of the scorching heat as in increases and two places might not be able to host places for those sports
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The Impact of Climate Change on Education 

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The Impact of Climate Change on Education 

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This video talks about how extreme weather conditions impact students living in poverty; people that live in rural areas (like Zimbabwe) depend on agriculture for food and income, but due to climate change, it is harder to successfully farm crops. Students get so hungry to the point where they cant focus in class which distracts them from what they are learning.

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I learned that when we waste food, it not only leads to the loss of valuable resources like water, land, and energy that were used to produce that food, but it also contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. When food ends up in landfills, it decomposes and produces methane, which is a potent greenhouse gas. Methane has a much higher warming potential compared to carbon dioxide. So, when we waste food, we're not only wasting resources, but we're also contributing to climate change by releasing more greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere. Something I was surprised is that you can support by being mindful of our shopping habits and only buying what we need.

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How the NBA contributes to Climate Change

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How the NBA contributes to Climate Change

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One of the main reasons is that team and fan transportation causes a lot of cars and planes to produce a lot of carbon, going up into the atmosphere.

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How Animals are rapidly evolving because of climate change.

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How Animals are rapidly evolving because of climate change.

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Climate change effects these animals because it is ruining there environment. It's causing hurricanes which effect Lizards. They can't grip the tree when strong winds are blowing them away and they will end up getting hurt or breaking a limb. The toe pads on Lizards have become bigger and legs getting smaller so its hard to grip.

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why animals are forcing themself to change because of global warming!!!  

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why animals are forcing themself to change because of global warming!!!  

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Because of global warming many animals have to change to adapt to different climates and whether and climates. One example is actually bats bats are changing the sizes of their wings with a greater surface area. They control their heat with something called heat dispatching by removing the heat into the surrounding environment which can happen in three ways. This is an example of an animal trying to thrive throughout climate change in order for them not to die off and become extinct or endangered.

Example 2) is quite sad this one is about polar bears. Polar bears need ice they depend on it for things like food animals like seals polar bears' main prey seals need ice to raise their young and without it there's nowhere else which will eventually start a decrease in the seal population as well as the polar bear population because they will have less to eat. Polar bears depend on the cold
climate which is increasingly melting away every year which is why many animals in the Arctic will lose their habitat if humans don't do anything about it.

Example 3

from the video that I watched, I learned that the Anole lizard species has been changing due to the fact that climate change is bringing in more hurricanes causing the lizards to have to adapt to the hurricanes coming more often and one way that they could visibly see that is the lizards started to develop larger toe pads with shorter back legs and any others who haven't experienced hurricanes experienced fatal endings and perished.  while other than the ones that developed special characteristics to survive hurricanes lived, because they held on to trees and branches and because of their special adaptation they are able to survive and not get blown away in these harsh climates.

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Climate change has a huge impact on world economy because the heat caused by climate change is making it hard for many countries to produce as much food and other agricultural products. Something I found that was interesting was that many of the promises made by high ranking people haven't even been close to being fulfilled.

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Climate change has been creeping up on the olympics. The average temperature in Tokyo clearly makes it physiologically dangerous. Some sports like tennis had to change their timetables, and had some athletes leave due to heat stroke.

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How Animals are Rapidly Evolving Because of Climate Change

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How Animals are Rapidly Evolving Because of Climate Change

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Due to climate change, animals are evolving very quickly. The lizards that survived hurricanes had shorter back legs and larger toe pads, and because of higher water temperature, giant squids shrank. I found it interesting how animals are very quick to change and adapt to their new environment.

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Something that people don't really understand is that our world seems to be going up into flames. The tokyo olympics had record high temperatures and many athletes have passed out from heat stroke. this raises the question of 'what happens to worldwide sporting events when the climate crisis inevitably hits the hardest. Something interesting that I learned from the video was the revelation that smaller sporting events are going to be harder to manage. The big sporting events aren't going to be as hard hit, its the smaller scale ones that are. But will people care? Because the olympics are a big deal, all the world cups, but what about the smaller scale ones. Those are the ones that are going to be ditched first.

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With climate change getting worse, athletes have to start playing in the blazing heat. This affects their performance and also causes them to have to pause the game more often

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It is surprising that climate change impacts sports because they seem like topics that would never clash. A recent study estimated that because of rising temperatures only 11 of the 20 sites that have hosted a Winter Olympics would be able to host the Winter Games in 2050, and that they will have to be hosted in febuary. It threatens the continuance of winter sports, sports on water, and due to inconsistent and rising amounts of natural disasters and sudden storms, the schedules of outdoor sports are hard to organize, also the concrete on roads get too hot for marathons etc.

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Takae ⇧

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the relationship are between sports and climate change is that athletes are having trouble to pefrom because the heat is getting hotter and hotter so the athletes get heat strokes constilly. sports are also making climate change worse by cutting down trees to make a ski run and other things. what i found supprising was that sports is making climate change worse.

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It was interesting to see how climate plays a major role in things such as world hunger, nutritious value, economics, etc. Climate change has not only caused the nutrients in crops to decrease, but fruits and vegetables have been becoming more and more scarce, and as this occurs, the price for people to get their hands on these foods increases, which results in hunger as less people are able to afford those foods.

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Sports can make the environment worse in many ways like travel for the players or food waste or fans travelling or cutting down forests to build spaces for sporting events. But sports can also set an example for other events or other people around the world by making their sports maybe environmentally friendly. This would set a big example to others because sports in any level is one of the strongest things it can bring the whole world together because of its popularity. Sports can maybe make the players do less travel or donate rests of food to food banks or stop using plastic in these sporting events.

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In this article it talks about how climate change- as we know it- is ruining habitats and therefore ruining the animals living in those habitats. The droughts threaten the crops and wildlife, the glaciers, and all the habitation on the ice. The whole polar habitat might be gone. And if this continues the new generations aren't going to know what glaciers or polar bears are. Would you want that? This article shows what the WWF organization is doing to change. One way they are helping is by teaching and advancing places like Nepal to a new way of farming and helping the elephants in Thailand to have fresh waters.

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Although many people focus on the topic of human and environmental risks of climate change, another greatly important risk of climate change is financial crisis. The biggest reasons climate change could lead to a financial crisis are its physical effects and the costs of transitioning to a carbon-free and sustainable world. Climate change is one of the main reasons why disasters like hurricanes and floods are becoming more frequent. If we focus on floods, we can see that if they were to occur in a more populated area, then a great portion of property would be damaged, or even destroyed. All in all, one of the greatest dangers of climate change is its financial effect, and I believe that its one of the most important things to focus on when dealing with this worldwide problem.

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Due to climate change, increase in temperature has caused more frequent intense drought, storms, heat waves, rising sea levels, melting glaciers, and warming oceans. Which can hurt animals, destroying their habitats. For example, animals like turtles are being affected by climate change with changes in sand temperatures affecting the sex of hatchlings. WWF works to advance to reduce carbon pollutions, support clean energy technologies, and curb deforestation.

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Climate change is expected to drop global economy by about 11-14%, which is equivalent to almost $23 trillion! Additionally, it is expected that some asian nations would lose almost a third of their global income. To tackle this, U.S. President Joe Biden has stated that he would cut U.S. emissions by half by 2030. Let' hope

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Climate change has a impact on food with floods, overheating, and lack of water, all of these factors make it harder to grow food. I was surprised that to much water is a problem in many countries because water felt like something that was lacking in many other places.

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How Climate Change is Making Food Insecurity Worse

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How Climate Change is Making Food Insecurity Worse

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Some plants/animals thrive better in warmer temperature so pests such as the swarms of locus in East Africa can eat all the crops. Plant diseases are being harder to predict because they move with the changing climate and can be seen in new areas. If plants are exposed to more carbon dioxide, then they by 2050 then can lose up to 10% of zinc, 5% of iron, and 8% of their protein content. With warmer waters, fish will migrate to more comfortable places and people relying on them for food will have to find new ways of getting food. Places that used to be able to grow certain crops won't be able to anymore. With droughts, farmers need to find better farm land and to do that, they need to cut down trees to make land and that releases more carbon dioxide into the air. I found it surprising that climate change has such a big impact on food.

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This video talks about how the intense heat and humidity in the Tokyo 2020 Olympics is just the start of the climate crisis. This isn't good for the environment especially because

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Food waste is a huge reason why climate change is worsening. When food is wasted, all the resources used to make it go to waste as well. Globally, this accounts for 1.4 billion hectares of wasted land and 250 kilometers cubed of wasted water. Food loss and waste create 8-10% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Production, transportation, and rotting food are the leading greenhouse gas producers. The video says, “Despite all this waste, in 2019, nearly 1 in 10 people around the world were exposed to severe food insecurity.” The food that we waste could’ve been meals for millions of starving people. Reducing food loss and waste by 50% would be enough food to feed all of these people.

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Global warming and climate change can impact the economy greatly because of the costs to transition to a carbon-less world, as well as production of food being slowed due to the heat. The global economy could also lose over 10% of it's value by 2050.

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It was so interesting to see how climate change can affect things that most people wouldn't expect for it to affect. Due to climate change, families living in rural areas of less developed countries struggle with things such as food, and even education. These families rely on their crops, and when climate change causes issues that make crops not harvestable, it causes all sorts of money and food problems for them.

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How Animals are Evolving/Adapting to Climate Change.

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How Animals are Evolving/Adapting to Climate Change.

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Due to climate change animals are changing and evolving at abnormal rates, They adapt to their enviromment or are a casualty. Some example of this are:

Anole Lizards, They live on the carribean Islands of turks and caicos, and in recent Hurricane disasters it was discovered that climate change could lead to spead up natural selection because the lizards that survived they hurricane where different than the ones before them, their back legs were longer and the front legs stronger this was in conjunction to having larger toe pads, scientists believe that it was due to this that they were able to hold onto the tree trunks they resided on.

Humbolt Squids, These squids in recent years have been discovered to have shrunk up to 50% or more however the species seems to be thriving better than ever this is due to something called placticity which causes the body to adapt to different conditions.

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Reflection: How does climate change affect sports?

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Reflection: How does climate change affect sports?

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How did climate change affect this years olympics? In tokyo there was a high of 34 degrees and with humidity it can reach a high of 39 degrees. Many sports being unbearable to play, such as beach volleyball and tennis. Many of the athletes needing to leave mid game due to heat stroke and not being able to play in this weather. How will climate change affect day to day sports? With grass sports, such as soccer, if there were to be droughts, the grass would be unplayable. With sports in Australia, many forest fires affect the air pollution. Cricket plus the Australian open wasn't able to play due to the athletes not being able to breathe with this much pollution in the air. The Olympics, trying to be "green" has failed to meet many of their targets. Athens 2004, claimed to be the greenest Olympics y far, but research has since come out that only 1 out of the 21 goals has been met. So how can sport help with climate change? Sport is something that majority of the people watch. With this sort of influence, they can speak to so many different audiences on the dangers of climate change. ITs almost like "IF sports is doing it, why isn't anyone else doing it?" - abby

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Climate Change: Why the Olympics Will Never Be the Same

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Climate Change: Why the Olympics Will Never Be the Same

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Carbon emissions are 60-80% produced by us and in a sporting landscape. That means the attending fans, the streamers, the objectives needed to accomplish the construction and infrastructure required to deliver a successful Olympic tournament are all related to climate change. For example, though many goals are set out prior to the Olympics regarding a sustainable footprint, almost none are met. Ex. Beijing got dirtier, Pyeongchang sacrificed a tract of ancient trees for a ski run, etc.
I found it interesting how they phrased the statement 'never be the same.' It is implying never will the world experience a cool, neutral world. And the effects are already tangible: sports like tennis and beach volleyball suffer the worst of the warming.
I also like how the man mentioned sports is the optimal way to experience "collective action." It strikes me to think that this is true.

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The relationship between climate change and wildlife is very negative, as climate change causes the delicate balance that nature upheld into chaos. This causes many animals to suffer or go extinct. Something that surprised me was the fact that some animals are adapting so quickly to climate change just to survive. I will say though, the title to the "evolving because of climate change" is very misleading as most of the examples listed in the video are not signs of evolution, just changes in the way the animals act.

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Sports are affected by this climate change because obviously the earth is getting hotter and the hotter it gets the harder it is to stay outdoors. this is affecting outdoor sports because it's getting too hot. some sports are going to need to change some things to become playable and some are already making changes. I found it interesting that the Olympics can make a change. they can make a big change not just directly but also to the people. A sad truth about this is that if the Olympics can't or don't make this change then it might have to end.

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In this article, I learned that since climate change affects weather patterns, some places that produce things like coffee, would take a major hit. Because, places like Indonesia and Columbia that produce coffee would become less suitable to grow coffee plants. There are other parts of the world that would prosper from this change, since those locations like America would become more suitable for growing coffee.

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Sports in the future will be affected by climate change. With evidence from the Tokyo 2020 Olympics, we can see without a doubt that climate change has struck the playing conditions athletes have to endure. The playing field is so hot that some games are being delayed or canceled. While this impacts professional players and their games, it will significantly impact regular athletes who play outdoors day to day because the heat will be damaging the soil and grass due to the lack of rain, etc. However, because sports have created such a big community, if all the countries are brought together to make and commit to a goal, the rate at which climate change worsens will decrease.

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Climate change has affected sports in many ways, especially the Olympics. Because of climate change, many sports have become dangerous to play outside. Tennis is one example, many players had to stop mid-game due to heat stroke and had to move the games to a later time due to how hot it was. And with many popular sports being outside, it will be hard playing them. In the Tokyo 2022 Olympics, many sports had to be delayed due to the heat and humidity.

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How Climate Change is Making Food Insecurity Worse

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How Climate Change is Making Food Insecurity Worse

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The video discusses the many ways in which climate change could exacerbate quality of produce, water, and food in general. With the aftereffects of the pandemic, millions are left without adequate food supply. Extreme heat and irresponsibility with things like groundwater is worsening conditions. As farming becomes obsolute, agriculture becomes scarce.

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Climate change can severely effect the way that we as humans play sports. For example in the Olympics countless Athletes are underperforming, for-fitting or even worse fainting and having heatstroke. Countless sports are held outdoors and this can seriously effect the way that we hold sporting events in the future.  Extreme weather issues can also seriously effect sports, with for example Rain, Hurricanes, Typhoons, floods and even droughts. For example a Typhoon stoped the play at the rugby world cup. Any sport that relies on grass or for example clay tennis courts are going to be in trouble. During the Australian wildfires, the Tennis open was also going on so tennis players were immersed to severe air pollution that can cause so many problems in the future. - Talia

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Sports are going to be heavily affected by this. This was shown at the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. Not only will it be hard to play some sports, but it will also be dangerous. For example, in the semi-finals of tennis, as Spanish woman was disqualified as they were ineligible to play as they had a heat stroke attack. Also, in sports like volleyball, the sand has gotten so hot that they have to drench it in ice-cold water. Snow sports such as skiing and snowboarding will not be played on 9/20 in the usual places due to a lack of snowfall, leading to a lack of locations to play; this will also happen to golf as many courses are near water and will soon be underwater. These are only some of the ways that professional sports are affected by climate change, but amateur sports will be really hard to play as there will be a lack of public courts or fields, and it will be really hard to play. Sports affect climate change a lot, though, as many major sporting events, such as the Olympics, release a lot of carbon when doing performances or opening ceremonies, as well as a lot of traffic, which results in a lot of oil exhaust getting released. Overall, sports are a big part of a lot of people's lives, and if we work together, we can help fight climate change.

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1 Animals and animal habitats are being affected by climate change in many ways, all around the globe. Species like lizards are being affected by stronger, more intense hurricanes. Because of warming temperatures, ice and glaciers are melting, causing sea levels to rise, and decreasing the habitat of a variety of animals like polar bears, arctic foxes, reindeer, and walruses, etc. Some animals like the Humboldt squid and Arctic dovekeys are adapting quickly to warming temperatures and shrinking ice, by adjusting hunting patterns, or using body plasticity to their advantage.

2 I was surprised at the data of how much the species were being affected, and how drastic the changes to the environment were.

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Sports has been affected by climate change. The temperature is getting super hot and keeps increasing. Because of climate change a lot of sports events are getting more dangerous day by day. Like the Tokyo olympics for example, So many athletes were affected. Tokyo's temperature is increasing and the heat is way too hot. Because of the heat many people passed out from the heat stroke. Since olympics are so important to each one of us climate change has affected the athletes and us the viewers.

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How would you summarize the relationship between climate change and the topic (ex. wildlife, music etc.)?
Climate change would relate to this topic because when climate change is going on athletes get heat stroke because the weather is too hot. Other sports like beach volleyball has to spray water on the sand because the ground is too hot. Other sports like tennis has been affected too. Some tournaments had to change their time schedul because the weather is too hot during the day. In the olympic games they had to also change the time schedual because it was really hot during the day. When sport players are traveling they have to ride on planes. That pollutes more of the air because those planes releases carbon dioxide.

What is something you found interesting or surprising? Why?

That beech volleyball players has to spray water on the sand because the sand is too hot and its hard to play on. You wouldn't expect it to be super hot.

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How Animals Are Rapidly Evolving Because of Climate Change

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How Animals Are Rapidly Evolving Because of Climate Change

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Because of climate change,many animals are having to evolve be able to survive, including the Anole Lizard. In the video the Anole lizard that lived in the place trying to stay alive during two hurricanes. When someone was studying these lizards, they noticed that the lizards that had survived had longer toe pads and shorter legs. This was helpful during thehurricane becausebecause bigger toe pads helped thep onto the tree while shorter legs stopped them from catching as much momentum from the wind. Both of these exles an are a perfect way to recognize just how dire it is for these aevolve to evoableto be able to survive all the climate change that is occurring in the world. Something I found interesting was how quickly these animals are evovling

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How animals are rapidly evolving because of Climate Change.

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How animals are rapidly evolving because of Climate Change.

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Because of climate change, different species are affected in different ways. Their habitats destroyed, food sources driven away or extinct. And so, to be able to survive, some change their bodies to adapt to warmer weather, harsher conditions, and some change their food source or move to different areas.

For example, Anole Lizards. Anole Lizards are one of the species that has rapidly evolved. Because of the recent hurricane disasters, they have had to adapt quickly. Scientists found that the lizards that survived the hurricane were different from those before them. Their back legs became shorter and they have larger toe pads. It is believed that this is the reason they survived the hurricanes.

Humboldt Squids. These squids, due to the warming of their habitat, have evolved their body. They are 50% smaller and seem to be thriving better than ever. This change is due to something called plasticity. It causes the body to survive different conditions.

Arctic Dovekies are a species of bird that have changed their eating strategies. And while scientists predicted that it would take them longer to get their usual meal of plankton, since it is drifting away, they discovered that they flew for less than five minutes. This was because the birds had found food right by them. At the mouth of the fjord, where the meltwater from the island glaciers slammed into the currents of the Arctic Ocean, a space was created for the Dovekies to feed upon the stunned plankton.

These are just three species that have evolved because of climate change. I learned that some species had already evolved and that some were still thriving, even with these different conditions.

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The impact of climate change on education

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The impact of climate change on education

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In this article it talks about how climate change effects the students education, since the weather may be harsh and students cant go to school which affects their education. One part of the article I thought about before I read it was about how the weather can also destroy the school buildings, one I didn't think of was that the schools may be used to shelter others in need of shelter because their houses are destroyed from climate change. One part of the artical that was unique to me is that some students might get married off and their schooling would stop.

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The connection is that climate change affects the growth of the crops because it is making the soil too dry and barren so the plants can't grow.

I thought it was surprising that world wide 30% of food is wasted.

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Climate change is effecting food because when climate change is affecting weather patterns and cause droughts and floods thus destroying the crops. Something that surprised me was the amount of people who were going to be affected by climate change.

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As the earth reaches deadly temperatures, many animals and plants are moving up to colder regions (the poles or higher elevations) to escape the heat. Additionally, 14% of animals on land have gone extinct while 47% have already begun losing members of their species (statistics from 2016/17) due to changing conditions for life.

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Climate Change and the Olympics (Victoria)

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Climate Change and the Olympics (Victoria)

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Climate change has and will be affecting global sports- the extreme temperature and humidity during the Tokyo Olympics have already forced many players to resign early, as well as forcing adjustments to be made in outdoor sports such as tennis/beach volleyball to make it playable. Furthermore, global events such as the Olympics create a lot of pollution/carbon dioxide, with the "greenest" Olympics not hitting many of environmental targets. For sports to be playable, equal, and fun, there needs to be climate action taken.

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The effect of climate change on wildlife.

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The effect of climate change on wildlife.

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Climate change destroys the habitats of wildlife and make it harder for them to access food. I learned that around half of the species on earth have had their population cut by climate change.

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Climate change causes many economic impacts through natural disasters such as typhoons. When natural disasters like this occur, we have a lot that gets destroyed causing lots of money to fix that. Climate change also impacts the economics because if governments start to tax companies due to their carbon emissions, that could crumple a whole industry.

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How Animals Are Rapidly Evolving Because Of Climate Change

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How Animals Are Rapidly Evolving Because Of Climate Change

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Climate Change has been affecting animals for a very long time. Due to this, animals are starting to find ways of survival in various places. In this video, 3 experiments are done. 1, How Lizards survive large hurricanes. 2, How the size and amount of squid in places has decreased. 3, How Dovekies found a new area to catch prey. These experiment all have one connection: They all adapted to their surroundings and found a way to survive in hard situations.

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How animals are rapidly evolving because of climate change.

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How animals are rapidly evolving because of climate change.

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The main idea of this video is that the animals are getting affected by climate change. The animals are either dying or evolving to their rapidly changing environment. This is very surprising because I didn't know that animals could evolve so quickly.

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From what I've been watching and reading, I found out that over the past few years, there have been multiple species that have to adapt to the new climate in various ways.

Something that I found surprising was how different the animal changes were.

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Climate change has adversely affected countries that are dependent on agriculture. For instance, lesser powers vulnerable to the migration of fish in the area have confronted countless challenges.

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Climate change has been impacted our environment with certain condition of the place. First all of looking at the video "Evolving because of Climate Change" and this video talked about how lizards go through hurricanes,how the humboldt squid goes through the tough marine life and finally  how the Dovekey find things to eat.

I found the part where how lizards sticking to the pole with the condition hurricane was very interesting because it was a new information that helped me expand my knowledge.

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Extreme weather caused by climate change has cost the world economy $146 billion Dollars. What we need to on Earth is to transition to a green-friendly economical system.

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Sports have been affected by climate change. An example is that Japan's summer Olympics weather can get to 39 degrees. Since it's so hot players withdrawing from competitions because of heatstrokes, and fainting. And since climate change is increasing, it's only going to become worse overtime. Something that surprised is it that the problem with Olympic games and other major sporting events is that somewhere between 60-80% of the carbon emissions related to them are caused by us.

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Co2 admitted into the atmosphere causes the earth to heat, making it more difficult to grow plants also making them less nutritious. This can eventually make the growth and production of food longer and much more difficult, making food more expensive.

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Climate change are affecting sports because of the extreme temperature. Because of the extreme temperature some players can't play the hole game.

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Because of Global Warming, athletes can't go outside because ofthe teperature in too high for the athletes to go outside, causing them to have a fever, or any sickness.