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convicts, hangings, punishment

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filth, blood, etc.

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"coffin"

"dismal," oppressive air and space

characters with superior knowledge, calculating

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business, profit, abstract transactions, British empire

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·       depression

·       “air of toleration” (p. 329)

·       most dismal trees, sparrows, cats, houses

·       “dusty decay, and miserable makeshift” (p. 329)

·       neglected roof and cellar

·       comparison with cemetery

·       does not live up to Pip’s high expectations

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Contrast to London

·       Pip realizes that social class is not the key to his happiness

·       “sense of leaving arrogance and untruthfulness further and further behind” (p. 834)

·       feeling of coming finally home: “my heart softened by my return” (p. 834)

·       village’s quietness

·       “more beautiful and peaceful by far than I had ever known it to be yet” (p. 834)

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·       “many pleasant pictures of my life would lead there” (p. 834)

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Pit describes the countryside with negative connotation.
-   "The marshes were just a long black horizontal line then, [...] the river was just another horizontal line, [...] the sky was just a row of long angry red lines and dense black lines intermixed." (ch. 1, p. 9)
-   Contrast to usual peaceful descriptions of nature

The countryside is full with horror and feels like a haunted place
-   "[...] as if he were the pirate come to life, and come down, and going back to hook himself up again." (ch. 1, p. 9)
-   "[...] it seemed to my opressed conscience like a phantom devoting me to the Hulks." (ch. 3, p. 17)

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Pit is aware of the higher class and is insecure because he fears not being accepted by them.
-   "Though I was not at all at my ease regarding the manner in which I should acquit myself under that lady's roof." (ch. 8, p. 52)

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Prison-like imagery
-   "We came to Miss Havisham's house, [...] and had a great many iron bars to it. Some of the windows had been walled up; [...] the lower ones were rustily barred. There was a court-yard [...] that was barred." (ch. 8, p. 52)
-   distant and less-welcoming

Very lifeless
-   "No brewing was going on in it, and none seemed to have gone on for a long time." (ch. 8, p. 52)
-   "But, there were no pigeons in the dove-cot, no horses in the stable, no pigs in the sty, no malt in the store-house, no smells of grains and beer in the copper or the vat." (ch. 8, p. 60)

Haunted place
-   "[...] I saw a figure hanging there by the neck. [...] And my terror was greatest of all when I found no figure there." (ch. 8, p. 61)
-   "The cold wind seemed to blow colder there, than outside the gate; [...] it made a shrill noise [...], like the noise of wind in the rigging of a ship at sea." (ch. 8, p. 53)

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„The marshes were just a long black horizontal line ... which has once held a pirate“  (p.7) --> very gloomy, ugly and dark: Pip describes the village not like it would be his home

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·       House of Mrs. Havisham: closed up, locked behind, walled up windows, barred, prison setting: iron like  (p.55) --> not very inviting

·       Paved and clean court yard (p.56)

·       Shrill noises and colder wind down there (p. 56) à differenti-ating one location from the other location with contrasting them

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Ms. Havisham’s house as sub setting, Gothic setting, adjective used> dismal, idea of something dark, dreary, desolate (no animals) gloomy place, place of terror, eerie

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"peaceful and quiet" (Ch. 19)

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Prison:

Windows are where inside and outside meet and cross. Ms. Havisham's resemble prison bars and are a literal barrier from the outside world.

Ms. Havisham seems to be Homebound, i.e. her home is a prison of avoidance.

The prison like manor evokes a sense of existential imprisonement of the individual. She restricts herself from an innate strive for freedom, perhaps by choice, unwittingly, or in coercive fears and inhibitions.

A prison means no hope of liberation. Literally a punishment for criminal acts, protection of society, confinement of destructive tendencies. Symbolically, a place where souls are confined by incarceration and degradation.

Lifelessness:

The Silence of the property evokes a higher truth. Can a home without odor,  sound, warmth, or comfort be called home?

Death by Hanging is instant or drawn out. The victims limbs may thrash in the wind. A fearful reminder of life and death.

What he saw could be a ghost. The spirit of the dead coming to haunt the living. They are directly linked to death and the afterlife. Ghosts exists because of unresolved grief and persistent attachments. Sightings reflect imminent danger as those who have died untimely or violent deaths demand vengeance or retribution. Seeing them in dreams means that they show us changes, conflicts, or integrations not available to our concious sight.

Wind:

Air seperates space and perspective. Though invisible, it affects us in distinct sensations, such as temperature. It is animated nature which directs us, or forces us to change course.

"Ill winds" indicate misfortune, symbolically reflecting a person's state of mins as perhaps hurricanes and twists, or sudden storms.

Wind is crucial for ships as it stiffens their sails, moving the waters of stagnation. The shrill noise evokes psychic tension and is a sign of warning like the sudden change of winds.

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London is generally viewed as a place of economic competition and death in the novel.

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• objects reminding of violence, death, and darkness, e.g. pistol, sword, „deadly black horsehair“ (ch. 20, p. 164)

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Describing the countryside as peaceful and beautiful. The weather as delicious, the corn as green,... using bright and positive words to describe the countryside. (Ch. 58)

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·   A place that causes everyone to become their worst

·   A place of disappointed love

--> After the house has been teared down, the place becomes its opposite. Pip meets Estella to find out that she has changed for the better and thinks he will never part again from his childhood love (ch. 59, p. 431f)

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“No more low wet grounds, no more dykes and sluices, no more of these grazing cattle – though they seemed in their dull manner, to wear a more respectful air now, and to face around, in order that they might stare as long as possible at the possessor of such great expectations – farewell, monotonous acquaintances of my childhood, henceforth I was for London and greatness: not for the smith”s work in general and for you.” - Depiction of the appreciation for the major societal change of Urbanisation in the city

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there is no live
--> no animals in the stables (Ch.8)

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Chapter 58:

Pip romanticizes the countryside and values the beauty of the pastoral. His perception has clearly changed, as has his socioeconomic status and his material condition (from subsistence to relative affluency).

"The limes were there, and the white thorns were there, and the chestnut-trees were there, and their leaves rustled harmoniously"

"I went towards it under the sweet green limes"