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James Hargreaves created the spinning Jenny. it could spin several threads at once. which help speed up the process of weaving thread into cloth

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in 1789 Samuel Slater created the British textile mill. British officials searched the baggage of passengers sailing the United States to make sure they were not carrying plans for the machinery with them. Slater, however they did not need to carry any plans. But this soon would spread and everyone would know about Slater's mill which helped a lot of people.

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Eli Whitney wanted to speed up the making of guns by having machines manufacture each part. All machine-made parts would be alike-for example, one trigger would be identical to another. identical parts would fit together with all other parts, and gunsmiths would not have build each gun from scratch. interchangeable parts would save time and money

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Slater and Whitney's innovations were just the first steps in America's industrial Revolution. During the early 1800s entire cities began to emerge around factories. Which gave people a higher chance of getting jobs to go find.

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In 1800's boys and girls as young as seven worked in factories. small children were especially useful in textile Mills because they could squeeze around the large machines to change spindles.

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working hours in mills were long - 12 hours a day, 6 days a week. true, farmers also put in long hours. Howerever, farmers worked shorter hours in winter. Mill workers, in contrast, worked nearly the same hours all year round,

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Growing cities had numerous problems. Many of of these resulted from the human modification of the environment. Dirt and gravel streets turned into mud holes when it rained. Cities had no sewers, and people threw garbage into the streets. A visitor to New York reported that "that the streets were filthy, and the stranger is not a little surprised to meet the hogs walking about in them, for the purpose of devouring the vegetables and trash thrown into the gutter." After the populations grew cities grew which gave people more homes to live in.

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Jethro Wood created the iron plow. However, John Deere improved the iron plow by making it a steel plow more durable. A horse would be able to pull the the steel more quickly than a OX

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In 1847, Cyrus McCormick opened a factory in Chicago that produced Mechanical reapers. the reaper was a horse-drawn machine that cut and gathered wheat and other grains. McCormick's reaper could do the work of five people using hand tools.

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As investors found the factories produced a profit, they invested those profits in building more factories, which attracted still more workers from farms. older cities expanded rapidly, while new cities sprang up around factories. this movement of the population from rural areas to cities is called urbanization. urbanization increased as industry grew.