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The cotton gin was a tool that quickly separated the seeds from the cotton for manufacturing. Invented by Eli Whitney, the Cotton Gin paved the way for faster working and more slavery. The cotton gin was so successful for farmers that the number of enslaved people necessary for profit increased dramatically.

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In an act to abolish slavery, the abolitionist movement began. The controversy created by the separate sides became a growing issue within the colonies. Supporters of both sides took dangerous and even deadly measures. This debate sparked deadly consequences, including the civil war to end slavery.

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15 Million dollars was spent to acquire 530 million acres of land. This purchase reached West from the Mississippi River. After the Colonies declared independence from Great Britain, they went westward after purchasing land from the French First Republic. This deal gave the US permission to take the land from Indigenous people whether by force or by conquest.

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To explore the western part of America, the Federalists hired explorers to find lands. Their main goal was to find uncharted waters and discover new lands, especially rivers that led to the oceans. They brought back lots of information about Native Tribes, scientific notes from new plants and animals, and lots of stories. This funded the want for Americans to move west.

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Rise of mass production & the factory system

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Rise of mass production & the factory system

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Lowell, Massachusetts, was a planned manufacturing town. It introduced a new way of integrated manufacturing, creating new forms of employment and, therefore, making a lot of money. In the mid-1800s, the factories had about 8,000 workers, mostly women and children, known as "mill girls" because they operated in the mills. This paved the way for the future of the industrial revolution. There was controversy however since these women were now not under parental control and they could make their own money. So, people through this disrupted the way of original American life.

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The Erie Canal shot straight through New York. The completion began the importance of New York for the colonies as it helped make New York City the chief port in the US. This opened the west side of the state and also opened up other western areas for settlement and trade, aka, the westward expansion. It created an economic boom creating economic grown in New York.

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It started by limiting the land property requirement for voting but that changed in 1828. It was the first presidential election in which non-land-owning white men could now vote in most states. People of color had to have no debt and had to own at least 250 dollars worth of property. The states then started removing religious restrictions against voting, Maryland being the last to do so.

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A new governing party rose, especially due to the impact of Andrew Jackson. Jackson dominated his presidency and congress for two terms. The rising party changed the ways of America while expressing their political views on freedom. Jackson had a sort of aggressive leadership style as he established procedures, practically ignored congress, and fought control over the US bank. At the end of his second term, the two parties had formed, Democrats and Republicans.

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Signed by Andrew Jackson, the Indian Removal Act was put in motion to move westward by taking land from the Natives. Some of the tribes went peacefully, however, some rebelled. This movement forced 100,000 Natives from their homelands on a train now named as the "Trail of Tears".

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The idea of Manifest Destiny sprung from the belief that there was some sort of exceptionalism within the US. This means that America had this divine right to move westward. This was another reason that the Natives were treated so poorly, the idea that the Americans deserved the land, pushing them away. Americans had this "institution" in their minds and they wanted to move and create the world in the eyes of the US.

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The Seneca Falls Convention was the first women's rights convention. It was held at the Wesleyan Chapel in Seneca Falls, New York where they fought for civil, social, and religious rights. They explained that women should have equality in every area of life. This created a massive civil rights movement that would continue to be discussed for about 70 years.