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Athens has the best-known acropolis, built during the second half of the 5th century bc. The Athenian acropolis, located on a craggy, walled hill, was built as a home of Athena, the patron goddess of the city

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5th century BCE: Acropolis of Athens, Greece

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The Minoan civilization, one of Europe's earliest advanced societies, emerges on the island of Crete. Known for their impressive palaces, intricate art, and advanced trade networks, the Minoans laid the foundation for European culture.

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Mycenaean Greece or the Mycenaean civilization was the last phase of the Bronze Age in ancient Greece, spanning the period from approximately 1750 to 1050 BCE. It represents the first advanced and distinctively Greek civilization in mainland Greece with its palatial states, urban organization, works of art, and writing system.

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According to the myth, Corfu was the island of the Phaeacians, where Odysseus was cast up during his return trip to Ithaca.

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According to legend, twin brothers Romulus and Remus found the city of Rome. This marks the beginning of one of the most influential civilizations in European history, which would go on to shape much of the continent's culture, law, and governance.

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The famous battle where 300 Spartan warriors, led by King Leonidas, held off a massive Persian army. This battle became a symbol of courage and sacrifice, inspiring many throughout history.

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In ancient times, Corfu was a very important commercial center inhabited by the Phoenicians. There was trading with all the towns of the Adriatic Sea, making Corfu a strong naval power and an important colonial town, known today as Paleopolis .

During the Peloponnesian War, Corfu asked the Athenians for military help for a major battle against Corinth. The alliance between Corfu and Athens lasted for a century, until the Macedonians (under the rule of King Philip II), having won a great battle, conquered Corfu in 338 BC and took control of the island.

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Roman dictator Julius Caesar is assassinated by a group of senators, including his friend Brutus. This event leads to the fall of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire, changing the course of European history.

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316 BCE: White Tower Museum Thessaloniki, Greece

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316 BCE: White Tower Museum Thessaloniki, Greece

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Τhe White Tower has housed the new permanent exhibition on Thessaloniki from the age of its founding in 316/15 B.C. to the present. The exhibition summarily presents aspects of the city’s history, which is distinguished by its long and unbroken historical presence.
The exhibition summarily presents aspects of the city’s history, which is distinguished by its long and unbroken historical presence. Over time, Thessaloniki never lost its “urban” and multicultural character. As Nikephoros Choumnos, a scholar and politician who lived in the thirteenth-fourteenth century and was for a time the governor of Thessaloniki, said in addressing the Thessalonians: “[y]ou make it obvious to everyone that no one remains without a homeland as long as Thessaloniki exists”, describing in figurative fashion the Thessalonians’ tolerance towards foreigners.

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316 BCE: White Tower Museum Thessaloniki, Greece

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King John of England signs the Magna Carta, a charter of rights agreeing to laws that limit his power. This document becomes a cornerstone of liberty and constitutional law in England and later influences many modern democracies.

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Christopher Columbus, sailing for the Spanish crown, reaches the Americas. This voyage initiates the Columbian Exchange and the Age of Discovery, leading to significant changes in European society, economy, and global influence.

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The French Revolution begins with the storming of the Bastille in Paris. This event marks the beginning of a decade-long period of radical social and political upheaval in France, influencing the whole of Europe and beyond.

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The Berlin Wall, a symbol of the Cold War division between East and West, falls. This historic event marks the beginning of the end of communist rule in Eastern Europe and the reunification of Germany.

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Among the domus solaciorum, Apricena was certainly the one considered by the emperor FEDERIC II one of the favorites, both for its proximity to the capital and the Lucera Saracenorum, and for the amenity of the places. It was surrounded by woods and forests, rich in water and springs, vineyards and crops in the "defensae", equipped with a "massaria" and close to the lagoon for supplies from the "piscariae" and for the satisfaction of the his hunting passion.

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Castel del Monte, Strada Statale 170, Andria, BT

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Castel del Monte, Strada Statale 170, Andria, BT

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Castel del Monte, Strada Statale 170, Andria, BT

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Castel del Monte is a 13th century castle, built by FEDERICO II of SVEVIA, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and King of Sicily. It was built on the top of a hill 539 meters above sea level in the northern Murge plateau of Puglia. It is located in the hamlet of the same name in the Italian municipality of Andria, located 17 km from the city, near the town of Santa Maria del Monte. Inserted in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1996,[1] in 2014 it was the thirtieth most visited Italian state site, with 206,924 visitors and a total gross income of 518,960 Euros.

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Castel del Monte, Strada Statale 170, Andria, BT

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Clock Tower in the vernacular Torre a llòrge: located in Corso Garibaldi, according to some historians, the Tower was created from the bell tower of the old Mother Church of San Martino, which was destroyed in the earthquake of 1627 and relocated to the current Mother Church, built on the Church of Santa Lucia, and then registered in the name of both saints. This thesis would be supported by the presence on the façade overlooking Corso Garibaldi of the epigraph dated 1282 and the coat of arms of the Bishop of Lucera Pietro de Pretis. On the top, inside a brick tower, is the civic clock, built at the beginning of the last century. The watch has a modern electric mechanism that replaced the original, preserved for a long time by an elderly craftsman-jeweler-watchmaker. In December 2018, the statue of San Martino was placed in memory of the pre-existing Church.

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The capital of the trulli, extraordinary examples of dry stone slab construction with a conical or pyramidal roof, will enchant you with an expanse of over 1,500 trulli which have entered the UNESCO World Heritage List since 1996.

The entire Valle d'Itria is characterized precisely by the presence of these picturesque constructions which have their roots in the prehistoric era, but it is precisely in Alberobello that the greatest concentration of the best preserved specimens is found.

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Santuario di San Michele Arcangelo, Via Reale Basilica, Monte Sant'Angelo, FG

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Santuario di San Michele Arcangelo, Via Reale Basilica, Monte Sant'Angelo, FG

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Santuario di San Michele Arcangelo, Via Reale Basilica, Monte Sant'Angelo, FG

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The origin of the Sanctuary dates back to the end of the 5th and the beginning of the 6th century when, as evidenced by the Liber de apparitione sancti Michaelis in Monte Gargano, the initiative of the then bishop of Siponto, Lorenzo Maiorano, to work to eradicate the pagan cult among the inhabitants of the Gargano, was accompanied by miraculous facts which gave rise to the cult of the Archangel Michael on Apulian promontory. It is linked to the memory of three apparitions followed, then, by a fourth which occurred many centuries later.

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The Decreta or Decrees of León of 1188 consist of a group of documents that contain the oldest known written information regarding the European parliamentary system. It originated in mediaeval Spain and was based on the celebration of a Curia Regia (Royal council) during the reign of Alfonso IX of León (1188-1230)

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1812 CE, Cortes of Cádiz  and first Constitution

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1812 CE, Cortes of Cádiz  and first Constitution

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On March 19, 1812, during the Spanish War of Independence (1808-14), the Cortes of Cádiz promulgated the Constitution of the Spanish Monarchy, affectionately known as "La Pepa" for having been enacted on Saint Joseph's day. The constitution had ten titles and 384 articles and was of a markedly liberal character.

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Spain and Portugal acceded to the European Communities, now the European Union, in 1986. This was the third enlargement of the Communities, following on from the 1973 and 1981 enlargements.

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800,000 BCE, The earliest human in Europe

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800,000 BCE, The earliest human in Europe

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One million years ago. The sites constitute an exceptional example of continuous human occupation, due to their special ecosystems and their geographical location. The fossil remains in the Sierra de Atapuerca are an invaluable reserve of information about the physical nature and the way of life of the earliest human communities in Europe.

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1605 and 1615

Don Quixote, the full title being The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha, is a Spanish novel by Miguel de Cervantes. It was originally published in two parts, in 1605 and 1615. Considered a founding work of Western literature, it is often labelled as the first modern novel.

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The 1992 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XXV Olympiad and officially branded as Barcelona '92, were an international multi-sport event held from 25 July to 9 August 1992 in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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 1545 CE: Palaio Frourio Kerkyras, Corfu

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 1545 CE: Palaio Frourio Kerkyras, Corfu

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The old citadel (in Greek Palaio Frourio) is an old Venetian fortress built on an artificial islet with fortifications surrounding its entire perimeter, although some sections, particularly on the east side, are slowly being eroded and falling into the sea

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An emblematic personality for what Romania represents today, Mihai Viteazul was the lord of the Romanian Lands between 1593-1600. For a while, in 1600, he was the leader of the three medieval states that make up today's Romania: Wallachia, Transylvania and Moldova. In 1600 he was killed on the plain of Turda, and the body of the great leader was buried there in a chapel built on the place where he had been murdered.

On the site of the former chapel, at the recommendation and wish of King Ferdinand I, expressed on the occasion of his visit in Turda, together with Queen Maria, in 1919, a wooden Trinity was set.

During the reign of King Ferdinand I, the Great Union of 1918 took place, the foundations of the united Romanian national state were laid and fundamental measures were adopted for its development.

On September 25, 1925. His Majesty, King Ferdinand I signed decree no. 2456 by which the two villages were united, forming Câmpia Turzii. The name of our town was inspired by the location where, over 300 years ago, Mihai Viteazul, the first leader that united the Romanian counties died for his country.

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Palatul Cultural Ionel Floasiu, Piața Mihai Viteazu, Câmpia Turzii

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1945 Palatul Cultural Ionel Floasiu, Piața Mihai Viteazu, Câmpia Turzii

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1945 Palatul Cultural Ionel Floasiu, Piața Mihai Viteazu, Câmpia Turzii

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Inaugurated in 1945. At that time, the palace’s halls housed the library, cinema, and cafeteria for the employees of the Metallurgical Factory. Over time, its purpose changed; the palace’s name was changed, and in 2013, the cultural center was renamed ‘Ionel Floașiu’ again.

Ionel Floașiu (1893-1988), engineer, was a promoter of cultural life in Câmpia Turzii during WWI and WWII period.”

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The Reformed Calvinist Church in Câmpia Turzii was built through a donation by Serédi Sophia and was completed in 1702. The church belongs to the category of fortified churches in Transylvania, built in the Baroque style. The porch with carved entry gates, created in 1786, was restored, and the interior was repaired. The church is currently the parish center for the Reformed-Calvinist community in the area.

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Mihai Viteazul is a historical figure, an emblematic personality for the Romanian people, as he succeeded in uniting the three Romanian counties under a single leadership in 1600. Mihai Viteazul was killed in the battlefields of  Turda and this is why he bacame a symbol of our country.

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The determination and courage with which Avram Iancu dedicated himself to fulfilling national ideals and high human values—justice and social freedom, equality in rights, economic freedom—endure over time and remain a significant landmark in our history. Avram Iancu (1824-1872) was a Transylvanian lawyer and Romanian revolutionary of the 1848 generation, who played an important role in the Revolution of 1848 in Transylvania.

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Muzeu Prima Școala Românească, Strada Avram Iancu, Câmpia Turzii

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1879 Muzeu Prima Școala Românească, Strada Avram Iancu, Câmpia Turzii

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1879 Muzeu Prima Școala Românească, Strada Avram Iancu, Câmpia Turzii

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On January 20, 1879, the members of the Greek-Catholic church from Ghiriș-Arieș decided to build their own school, with contributions from the Romanian population. The construction of the Romanian School began after the land had been purchased by the Romanians.

The building has a special meaning for the local people. Here they gathered for celebrations, held literary gatherings, being among the first places where the works of the great Romanian writers were read. Later, a primary school class taught by a priest was established in this space.

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Alba Carolina Citadel is one of the largest citadels in Romania. Due to its beauty and uniqueness, the star-shaped citadel is the most important tourist attraction in the city of Alba-Iulia.

Built at the beginning of the 18th century (1715-1738), on the initiative of the Habsburg authorities, the bastion fortress at Alba Iulia became the strongest fortification, within a complex system of defence against the Turks.

During the Roman period, in the area of the current fortress, there was the camp of the XIIIth Legion Gemina (Apulum) whose walls provided construction material for the medieval fortress (Bälgrad).

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Catedrala Sf. Mihail, Piața Unirii, Cluj-Napoca

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1316 Catedrala Sf. Mihail, Piața Unirii, Cluj-Napoca

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1316 Catedrala Sf. Mihail, Piața Unirii, Cluj-Napoca

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The Roman Catholic Church of St. Mihail’s in Cluj is built following the decree issued by King Carol Robert of Anjou in the 14th century. This is one of the most impressive historical and religious monuments in Gothic style made in Transylvania.

Historians claim that in the basement of the church there is a crypt, dug during the Middle Ages, which houses the graves of personalities from that period and important heritage objects. Numerous sessions of the political assemblies of Transylvania were held in this church.

Also, the church tower is built in neo-Gothic style, having a height of 80 meters, being the church with one of the highest towers in Romania.

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Firstly mentioned in a document in 1271, the salt mine was established in 1690. Many peasants worked in the mine, gathering the salt and carving the walls of salt, with tools that are kept in the museum of the mine. Nowadays it has been turned into a must-see site.