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Exoskeleton

Body Segmentation

Jointed Appendages

Molting

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Made of the Orgamic material chitin this hard outer layer provides protection and support to the organims

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Divided into segments which include:

Insects: Head, Thorax and Abdomen

Arachnids and Crustaceans: cephalothorax and abdomen

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Used for different functions such as movement, feeding, and sensory perception.

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Also called ecdysis this sheding of the outer exoskeleton is used to assist in growth.

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1. Silk production: Spiders produce slik used to build webs, egg sacs for offsping and to catch prey.

2. Venom: Many arachnids have venomous fangs or singers used for hunting or defence.

3. Book Lungs or Tracheae: Adaption used for breathing it is nessasary for living on land.

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1. Tracheal System: Main respiratory system used for gas exchange.

2. Wings: Many insects developed wing structures to aid in flight and predator avoidance.

3. Compound Eyes: Specialized eyes that provide a wide field of vison.

4. Metamorphosis: Has both complete (egg, larvae, pupa, adult) life cycle or incomplete (egg, nymph, adult) life cycle.

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1. Poison Claws: Organism has modified legs used for hunting. These "claws" are highly poisonous and can kill prey easily.

2. Multiple Legs: Millipedes have two legs per segment while centipedes have one leg per segment.

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1. Exoskeleton: In some cases has a unique adaption in that the exoskeleton is reinforced with calcium carbonate.

2. Gills: Used for aquatic respiration.

3. Biramous Appendages: Two-branched limbs used for multipule functions.

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1. Compound Eyes: Developed highly sophisticated eyes suitable for marine enviroments.

2. Three-Lobed Body: Three-part segmentation of the body that is unique to Trilobites.

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Trilobita (Extinct Trilobites)

Crustacea (Shrimp, Crabs, and Lobsters)

Myriapods (Millipedes and Centipedes)

Arachnida (Mites, Spiders, and Scorpions)

Insecta (insects)

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An extinct class of arthropods that lived in earths oceans approxamitly 300 million years ago. Trilobites were a diverse species during the early Cambrian, Paleozoic and Devonian Periods with an estamated 20,000 descoved species. Tilobites went extinct during the Permian Mass Extinction event about 252 million years ago.

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Ecosystem Engineers: Some arthropods can change an ecosystem's diversity by adding or subtracting organic processes.

Biocontrol: Some arthropods act as a natural pest control by removing unwanted or harmful parasites.

Pollination: Some insects are needed to pollinate plants this create a healthy and sustainable enviroment.

Decomposition: Some arthropods are decomposers which are needed to recycle organic material back into the ecosystem.

Food Webs: Arthropods are an essentail part of food webs being both prey and predator.

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Memebers of this subphyla are notible members of the arthropod group. Crustaceans are a large group of mainly aquatic organisms that include decapods (crabs, shrimp, lobsters, and crayfish) who all share notible characteristics. However, some crustaceans have adapted suitable structures to live comfortably on land. Crustation share fundemental characteristics that all arthropods share like a tough exoskeleton made of an organic material called chitin that provides protection and structure to the organism. Additionally, crustations have jointed appendages that allow for reliable movemnet on water and in some cases land.

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Myriapods are a subphylum of organisms that include millipedes and centipedes. These organisms are known for their many jointed legs (appendages) a main characteristic of arthropods. Also, Myriapods have segmented bodies with a two section body plan and are predomently terrestrial. Myriapods are succsessful hunters and are adapted to live in diverse habitats throughout the world.

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Members of the subphylum Arachnida or arachnids all share characteristics with all other arthropods. Noteable arachnids are spiders, scorpions and mites. This organism all share simmilar characteristsic to other arthropods. However, these organisms have unique characteristics that are not shared with other insects or arthropods. For example, arachnids have four pairs of legs for a total of 8 legs and unique two part body structure.

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541–485.4 million years ago

Cambrian Explosion:

Arthropods first enter the fossil record during the Cambrian Period.

Diversification:

Rapid evolutionary changes caused the phylum to diversify into different ecological niches

First Fossil Record:

Trilobites have been observed in the fossil record and show early arthropod evolution.

Modern Groups:

Insects are currently the most widespread and diverse group of arthropods followed by crustaceans, arachnids, and myriapods.

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Insecta is the largest and most diverse class of arthropods that include many unique organisms. Insect have all the characteristics that are present in all arthropods. Insects fall under the subphylum of Hexapoda meaning they have a three part body plan with three pairs of jointed legs. Additionally, most insects have wings and antennae these structures provide the organism with ability of flight and to sense their surroundings. Members of this class include: beetles, bees, wasps, flys, grasshoppers and many more.