# data[].attributes.body
Assalammualaikum and hello everyone! My name is Nurul Syafirah binti Jamlun. I am 22 years old and I was born in Kota Belud, Sabah. I have 8 sibling and I am the third child. I'm one of the student in Universiti Teknologi Mara (UITM) in Kota Samarahan, Sarawak since 2020. The course that I took is Bachelor of Sport Science and Recreation and now I'm in semester 4. The objective of my E-portfolio is to share what I have learn in this course which is in Applied Exercise Rehabilitation (SPS554).

HOME ADDRESS

Kampung Suang Punggur, Jalan Port Usukan 89150, Kota Belud, Sabah.

EMAIL

2020836644@student.uitm.edu.my

NO PHONE

0195236554

# data[].attributes.body
On 28 March 2022 (Monday) is the first class for subject Applied Exercise Rehabilitation (SPS554) for class SR243 4A under lecturer Mohd Asmadzy Bin Ahmad Basra.

On the first day, Sir Asmadzy tell us about the course learning outcome which is:

1. Categorize the disease population domains which include apparent healthy, metabolic/ cardiopulmonary disease, neurological.

2. Analyze the clinical conditions influencing exercise prescription.

3. Apply the principles of exercise testing and training population with physiological limitations.

4. Practice exercise rehabilitation for specific disease population.

# data[].attributes.headline
CHAPTER 1: PREPARTICIPATION HEALTH SCREENING AND RISK STRATIFICATION

# data[].attributes.subject
CHAPTER 1: PREPARTICIPATION HEALTH SCREENING AND RISK STRATIFICATION

# data[].attributes.body
1. Terminology: physical activity, exercise and physical fitness.

2. Fitness Component: Health related fitness (Health related fitness: Cardiovascular endurance, Body composition, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and flexibility) and Skill related fitness (agility, coordination, balance, power, reaction, speed)

3. METs: Refers as metabolic equivalent. 1 METs is while sitting at rest or sitting quietly.  METs value of activity and exercise is calculated relative to rest, ( cycling (moderate)- 75, cycling (vigorous, eg up hill)- 14, jogging-6, running-8, general gardening- 4, skipping- 11, walking up stairs-5, pilates/ Tai chi-3, resistance training-5

# data[].attributes.body
1. Musculoskeletal Disorder: orthopedic injury consist of minor/major physical disabilities. It affects muscles, joint, bones, ligament, tendons and nerves.

2. Causes: Biomechanical ( load, force applied onto the body), Individual differences (gender, obesity and overweight individuals), psychosocial (high job demands, low social support and overall job strain), activities ( repeated biomechanical loads)

3. Diagnosis: involve soft tissue. Sometimes, there are no visible signs of injury. assessments based on self-reported or evaluation process. Nordic questionnaire and SOAP notes.

# data[].attributes.headline
CHAPTER 3: ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES IN EXERCISE REHABILITATION

# data[].attributes.subject
CHAPTER 3: ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES IN EXERCISE REHABILITATION

# data[].attributes.body
1. Informed Consent

Permission that a patient gives to a doctor

To involve in physical activity with their own willingness and understand the risks

Obtain adequate information before testing

Enough information to make participant understand the risks

Verbally explain including statement

Noted every question from participants

In consent form must have word "free to withdraw"

Permission from legal guardian

Check with authorities bodies about the process

Protect the participant details

Having policies if doing experimental on human

Ensure that all emergency personnel, procedures and equipment are available

Written emergency policies and procedures ahould be in place and updated

2. Participant Instructions

Refrain from food, drinks and tobacco 3 hours before testing

Have enough rest

Wear suitable & comfortable attire

Have someone to accompany them

For diagnostic purposes, they might discontinue medications, but only with physician approval.

For functional, they can continue their medication

Report the last actual medicine dose taken

Drink enough 24-h before testing

3. Active Living

Involvement in physical activity

Eat balance diet

Sleep hygiene

Prevention & care of illness/injury

Stress management

# data[].attributes.headline
CHAPTER 4: HEALTH RELATED EXERCISE TESTING 

# data[].attributes.subject
CHAPTER 4: HEALTH RELATED EXERCISE TESTING 

# data[].attributes.body
1. The health-related fitness

Have a strong relationship with good health

Characterized by an ability to perform daily activities with vigor and demonstrate the traits and capacities associated with low risk

2. Purposes of HRF Testing

Educate participant regarding their health status

Provide data to design an exercise

Collect data to evaluate progression

Motivate participants

Stratifying CV risk

3. Test Order

Ensure that all forms are organized & available

Calibrate all equipment a minimum of once each month to ensure accuracy

Organized equipment so that tests can follow in sequence without stressing the same muscle group repeatedly.

Provide informed consent form

# data[].attributes.body
1. Indications and purposes

Diagnostic ( concerned with the diagnostic of illness/nature of disease)

Prognostic (related to prediction the outcome of diseases)

Therapeutic (treatment or relating to the healing of disease)

Physical activity counselling to design an exercise prescription.

2. Diagnostic Exercise testing

To assess residual myocardial ischemia

To assess threatening ventricular arrhythmias and for prognosis rather than for diagnostic purposes

3. Functional Exercise Testing

physical activity counselling

Exercise prescription

Return-to-work evaluations

Disability assessment

Helping to estimate prognosis

4. Exercise Test Modalities

The treadmill and cycle ergometer are the most commonly used modalities for clinical exercise testing.

Arm ergometry is an alternative method of exercise testing for patient who cannot perform leg exercise

5. Measurement During Exercise Testing

Heart rate and Blood pressure

ECG changes

Subjective ratings

Signs and symptoms

Ventilatory expired gas analysis responses

Arterial blood gas analysis

# data[].attributes.headline
CHAPTER 6: EXERCISE REHABILITATION FOR CLINICAL CONDITIONS

# data[].attributes.subject
CHAPTER 6: EXERCISE REHABILITATION FOR CLINICAL CONDITIONS

# data[].attributes.body
1. Critical components

Maintaining cardiorespiratory endurance fitness

Re-establishing Neuromuscular control

Regaining stability and balance

Restoring ROM and improve Flexibility

Regaining Muscular strength, Endurance and power

2. Special consideration for exercise testing

Obesity- excessive body weight with BMI commonly used as the criterion to define it.

Need to do exercise testing as the may have other condition (dyslipidermia, hypertension)

The timing of medications

Low exercise intensity for those who are over weight

# data[].attributes.headline
CHAPTER 7: GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND FUNTIONAL EXERCCISE TRAINING

# data[].attributes.subject
CHAPTER 7: GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND FUNTIONAL EXERCCISE TRAINING

# data[].attributes.body
Older Adults

>65 years old

50 to 64 years old with clinically significant conditions or physical limitations affecting movement, fitness or activity

Benefits of PA for elderly

Slows physiologic changes  of aging that impair exercise capacity

Optimized age-related changes in body composition

Promotes psychological and cognitive well-being

Enhances management of chronic diseases

Reduce risks of physical disability

Increase longevity

Special consideration

Low initial intensity & duration

Strength training sessions

Strengthening activities

Older adults should gradually exceed recommended minimum amounts prescribed

If chronic condition preclude activity at recommended minimum amount

To improve management of chronic conditions

Incorporation of behavioral strategies may enhance participation

Health/fitness professional should provide regular feedback & positive reinforcement