# data[].attributes.body
In Kazakhstan, homosexual relationships are not illegal, but gay marriage is. Gender transitions are legal but only if the individual gets gender reassignment surgery. Members of the LGBTQ+ community can serve in the military, donate blood, and obtain equal employment, however, there is no protection against general discrimination and conversion therapy is not banned in the country.

https://www.equaldex.com/region/kazakhstan

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
💬 NEW! Join Equaldex's LGBTQ+ Discord to discuss LGBT rights and chat!

Censorship

✔ No censorship

Changing Gender

✔ Legal, but requires surgery

Non-binary gender recognition

Unknown

Discrimination

✖ No protections

Employment Discrimination

✔ Sexual orientation and gender identity

Housing Discrimination

✔ Sexual orientation and gender identity

Conversion Therapy

✖ Not banned

Suggest Public Opinion Data

Public Opinion

Acceptance of homosexuals as neighbors

(73.4%) Mentioned homosexuals

Did not mention homosexuals (26.6%)

Justifiability of homosexuality

Opinion on same-sex couples as parents

Support for same-sex marriage in Central and Eastern Europe

"Should society accept homosexuality?" (2016, Eastern/Central Europe)

Perceived Acceptance of Gay People

By The Numbers

74%

of Orthodox Christians support the Church's position on refusing to perform same-sex marriages

History

Homosexual activity in Kazakhstan

?

Homosexual activity in Kazakhstan is legal.

Current status
Since Jul 16, 1997

Same-sex marriage in Kazakhstan

?

Same-sex marriage in Kazakhstan is not legal.

Current status
Since Dec 26, 2011

Not legal

Article 11 of the law of family and marriage explicitly prohibits same sex couples from marrying each other.

Censorship of LGBT Issues in Kazakhstan

?

Censorship of LGBT Issues in Kazakhstan is no censorship.

No censorship

In Kazakhstan, there are no laws restricting the discussion or promotion of LGBTQ+ topics.

Right to change legal gender in Kazakhstan

?

Right to change legal gender in Kazakhstan is legal, but requires surgery.

Legal, but requires surgery

Since 2003, Transgender individuals have been allowed to change legal gender in Kazakhstan. People who wanted to change their gender had to receive a diagnosis of "gender identity disorder" involving several medical tests and a 30-day psychiatric evaluation. In 2011, new guidelines were established and allowed change to identity documents only after sex reassignment surgery, physical and psychiatric medical examinations, hormone therapy and sterilization. Additionally, people under 21 are not allowed to change their gender on their official identity documents.

Legal recognition of non-binary gender in Kazakhstan

?

Legal recognition of non-binary gender in Kazakhstan is unknown.

LGBT discrimination in Kazakhstan

?

LGBT discrimination in Kazakhstan is no protections.

Current status
Since Dec 25, 1991

Illegal

Only protections for gender identity and expression since 2014. Full discrimination protection since 2016.

LGBT employment discrimination in Kazakhstan

?

LGBT employment discrimination in Kazakhstan is sexual orientation and gender identity.

Sexual orientation and gender identity

Only protection is gender identy and expression through state discrimination protection. Sexual orientation discrimination protection under human rights institute.

LGBT housing discrimination in Kazakhstan

?

LGBT housing discrimination in Kazakhstan is sexual orientation and gender identity.

Sexual orientation and gender identity

Full discrimination protections.

Same-sex adoption in Kazakhstan

?

Same-sex adoption in Kazakhstan is unknown.

Serving openly in military in Kazakhstan

?

Serving openly in military in Kazakhstan is legal.

Legal

The ministry of Defense of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2022, said in an interview that no one is banned from serving in the military because of their sexual orientation.

Blood donations by MSMs in Kazakhstan

?

Blood donations by MSMs in Kazakhstan is legal.

Conversion therapy in Kazakhstan

?

Conversion therapy in Kazakhstan is not banned.

Current status
Since Dec 27, 2017

Not banned

Only in a few countries in Asia.

Equal age of consent in Kazakhstan

?

Equal age of consent in Kazakhstan is equal.

Current status
Since Jul 16, 1997

Equal

The law sets the age of consent as 16 for all sexual activities ("sodomy and "lesbianism" included explicitly.)

LGBT Rights in Southern and Central Asia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
LGBT Rights in Kazakhstan: homosexuality, gay marriage, gay adoption, serving in the military, sexual orientation discrimination protection, changing legal gender, donating blood, age of consent, and more.

# data[].attributes.body
China does not support lgbtq marriages

# data[].attributes.body
While homosexuality has been decriminalized by the government, people are still not open to the idea of accepting them as normal citizens. Some places even believe that homosexuality is a mental illness.

# data[].attributes.body
Deborah Osemwegie
Same-sex/LGBTQ marriage and relationships are illegal in Uganda. There is a potential penalty of life in prison as LGBTQ people are discriminated against in Uganda.

# data[].attributes.body
They hasn't technically outlaw homosexuality and has been legal since 1923 but there are vary vague moral laws that can be used to discriminate against the LGBTQ+ community.

# data[].attributes.body
Same-sex marriage has been legal in Norway since 1 January 2009, and is apparently referred to as one of the world's most LGBTQ+-friendly nations.

# data[].attributes.body
Since June 26, 2015 same-sex marriages have been legal in Arkansas

- Tamia Duchesneau

# data[].attributes.body
in April of 2013 the French parliament had changed the legislature and legalizing same-sex marriage and adoption for couples. This bill was changed after a divisive public debate.
https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-22270363

# data[].attributes.body
same sex marriage has been legal in British Columbia since 2003, BC and Ontario became the first 2 provinces in canada legalize it.

# data[].attributes.body
All sexual relationships outside of heterosexual marriage are criminalized. Homosexuality is also punishable by deportation, jail time, or even the death penalty. Sex reassignment surgery and crossdressing are illegal. Conversion therapy is supported.

# data[].attributes.body
Finland is known as one of the most LGBTQ+ friendly countries in the world. Same sex marriage in Finland was approved by the Finland parliament in 2014 and the law took effect in 2017. They previously allowed registered partnerships between 2004-2017 for same sex couples which was the same as heterosexual couples.

# data[].attributes.body
Same sex marriage was legalized on July 20th, 2005 in Alberta

# data[].attributes.body
yes it has been legal since July 8, 2003

# data[].attributes.body
Las Vegas has supported same-sex and LGBTQIA+ marriage since 2014

# data[].attributes.body
Iceland is often referred to as one of the most LGBTQ+ in the world, they are in full support of marriage and relationships in the LGBTQ+ community. LGBTQ+ rights in Iceland have been legal since 1940.

# data[].attributes.body
The U.S. state of Colorado has provided limited recognition of same-sex unions in the form of designated beneficiary agreements since July 1, 2009, and as civil unions since May 1, 2013. Same-sex marriage was legalized on October 7, 2014.

# data[].attributes.body
Same-sex marriage was legalized in 1997 in China but members of the LGBTQ+ still unfortunately face a lot of complications and social stigmas.

# data[].attributes.body
Egypt's current law does not explicitly criminalize homosexuality, but it has several provisions that criminalize behavior or ideas that are considered to be immoral, scandalous, or offensive to the teachings of a recognized religious leader.

# data[].attributes.body
In the Ukraine, there is no legal support for same-sex/ LGBTQ+ marriages. In addition to this, transsexuallity is documents as a psychiatric disorder. Sadly, relationships are seen as taboo and not accepted by many.

# data[].attributes.body
LGBT persons in Cuba have only recently become more progressive as regards their rights. In April 2022 the referendum of legalizing same-sex marriage was brought to the National Assembly and was later legalized through a popular vote. Now, discrimination of LGBT persons is illegal in Cuba.
-Anthony Baxter

# data[].attributes.body
Same sex marriage has been legally allowed since 2006 in South Africa. They were, however, the last African country to legalize same sex marriage and give LGBTQ+ peoples civil rights.

# data[].attributes.body
In Vietnam, same sex activity is legal and just recently as of 2012 legalized same-sex marriage. In 2015, Vietnam passed a law which states the rights for transgendered individuals to be allowed to have sexual reconstruction surgeries and legally change their gender, in addition revoking all additional fines subjected onto the community. However, members of the communities are still struggling to have other legal protection in terms of personal and property rights compared to heterosexual couples.

# data[].attributes.body
Same-sex relationships are widely accepted in Italy however, it is still illegal for LGBTQ+ individuals to get married and adopt children. A civil union law was passed in 2016 to give LGBTQ+ couples many of the same rights as marriage. Interestingly, both male and female same-sex sexual activity have been legal since 1890 and transgender individuals have been allowed to change their gender since 1982.
Chelsea Kind

# data[].attributes.body
Same-sex marriage has been legal since 2017 and adoption rights since 2017 as well.
-Alberte Patenaude

# data[].attributes.body
Nope! And instead of banning guns, they're banning drag queens *eye roll

chloe sies

# data[].attributes.body
In Costa Rica, marriage equality came into effect on May 26th of 2020. This destination was one of the first countries in Central America to allow same sex/LGTBQ+ marriage and relationships.

# data[].attributes.body
Same sex marriage has been supported in Spain since 2005

# data[].attributes.body
Madagascar does not support same-sex marriage, not recognizing it or civil unions. There are also no discrimination protections in place.

# data[].attributes.body
As of 2021 Washington, USA does support LGBTQ+ relationships and same sex marriage. They have been elected as one of the most LGBTQ+ friendly states in the whole country.

# data[].attributes.body
LGBTQ+ marriage and relationships are criminalized and not supported in Pakistan. There are no laws prohibiting discrimination on the basis of one's sexual orientation and is not a usual topic in political discussion.

# data[].attributes.body
Hawaii has had same-sex marriage legal on December 2, 2013. Before 2013, Hawaii has always been pretty accepting of the LGBTQ+ community because being gay or transgender has been a part of the Hawaiian community for hundreds of years prior to it becoming legal.

# data[].attributes.body
Greenland is a country that is considered to be very socially liberal towards that of the LGBT people. Meaning that they have high acceptance of homosexuality and same-sex relationships within their borders. Same-sex marriage became legal in April of 2016. There are also very low reports of discrimination of any kind against the LGBT people within Greenland.

Kyle Zwerzinski

# data[].attributes.body
New Zealand is known to have some of the most progressive LGBTQ+ rights and supportive community in the world. Same-sex marriage is legal, and transgender people are allowed to legally change their gender. LGBTQ+ individuals are allowed to serve in the military and same-sex couples can adopt children.

# data[].attributes.body
Greece does not allow same-sex marriage but they do allow some forms of same-sex relationships. Greece recently passed a law stating that they acknowledge that these relationships exist. they receive similar rights to a married couple however unable to be a married couple right now

# data[].attributes.body
Same-sex marriage has been legal since June 1, 2003

# data[].attributes.body
The Australian Parliament passed legislation allowing same-sex marriage, the Marriage Amendment, on December 9 2017 after Australians voted in favour of it in a nationwide referendum. This meant that Australia became the 2nd country to legalize same-sex marriage in the Asia-Pacific region.

# data[].attributes.body
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights in the United Kingdom of Great Britain are among the most advanced in Europe. Since the 21st century LGBTQ+ rights have been increasingly supported. The UK does support same-sex/LGBTQ+ marriage and relationships.
-Hannah Sharman

# data[].attributes.body
Gay marriage was recently legalized in Chile in 2022. Before they were recognized as civil unions, but the new law made them recognized as actual marriages. The first gay marriage was on March 10, 2022.

# data[].attributes.body
Russia does not recognize any form of civil union for same-sex couples. The Russian Constitution explicitly outlaws same-sex marriage and it is deeply disapproved of by most Russians.

# data[].attributes.body
Brazil is one of the most accepting Latin American countries when it comes to LGBTQ+ rights. Same-sex marriage has been legal since May of 2013. The Brazilian Supreme Court has also ruled that discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity is a crime treated similarly to racism. Regardless, Brazil is reported to have the highest rates of LGBT murder in the world, with homicide rates only increasing each year.

# data[].attributes.body
Canada decriminalized homosexuality in May of 1969.

In May of 1995, Sexual Orientation was included in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Canada's Parliament passed Bill C-23 in 2000 that gave same-sex couples the same social and tax benefits as heterosexuals in common-law relationships
.
The Civil Marriage Act was established in 2005 that legalized same-sex marriage across Canada.

Canada was the fourth country to permit same sex marriages.

Although Canada was ahead of the curve in legalizing same-sex marriage and decriminalizing homosexuality, the fact remains that it was one illegal to be homosexual in Canada. Some of these residual attitudes carry through to present day and there was still prejudices experienced by LGBTQ+ community in Canada. I believe that this can be exacerbated by religious and conservative beliefs of a 'traditional family' as well as traditional ideas about gender and gender roles.

# data[].attributes.body
Japan does not recognise same sex marriage, however, the capital Tokyo recently passed a certificate program which is defined as a non-legally binding partnership certificate. Though it is not equivalent to a marriage certificate, it enables to couples to utilize services they may have previously been barred from including hospital visits or renting apartments together, etc. The Sapporo district court ruled in 2021 that the denial of same sex marriage was unconstitutional, it may take a while yet before the whole country makes the change though.

# data[].attributes.body
In 2018, India decriminalized same-sex relationships although marriage is still not recognized it's slowly making progress

# data[].attributes.body
Singapore is unfortunately a country that does not advocate for LGBTQ+ rights, and have criminalized homosexual intercourse. Same-sex sexual activity between men is illegal, as well as same-sex relationships not being recognized under the law, and adoption of children by same-sex couples is illegal. Singapore provides no anti-discrimination protection for the LGBTQ+ community, and unfortunately does not prohibit hate crimes based on sexual orientation and gender identity. (a sad sad reality :( )

# data[].attributes.body
Same sex relationships between adults has been legal in Switzerland since 1942. However, same-sex marriage legislation was only just passed in Swiss Parliament in December 2020 and will become legal July 1, 2022.

# data[].attributes.body
The Netherlands become the first country to legalize same-sex marriage in December 2000. The legislation that was enacted allows for same-sex couples to marry, divorce, and to adopt children.

# data[].attributes.body
Although same sex marriage has been legally recognized in Flordia since 2015, the state recently adopted the "Parental Rights in Education Bill" which prohibits the discussion of sexual orientation and gender identity in the state's public schools from Kindergarten through third grade. Under this bill, parents would be able to sue school boards for teaching their children about the LGBTQ+ community.

# data[].attributes.body
Same Sex Marriage and relationships is legal and has been since 2008, however new marriages were blocked until 2013 by a constitutional proposition. After the renewal period for this proposition expired, same sex marriages were fully unbarred.