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AI and Robotics in Nursing:Help or Threat?

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AI and Robotics in Nursing:Help or Threat?

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“Hello, everyone. My name is Jang Jiwoo, class 3714. Today, I’m going to talk about ‘The Role and Ethical Dilemma of Nursing in an Aging Society’.”

1. Reason for Selecting the Topic

“Korea is already entering a super-aged society, and the professionalism and role of nurses are becoming more and more important. I became curious about how nurses care for the elderly, so I chose this topic.”

2. What is Aging?

“Aging means an increase in the proportion of elderly people in the total population. When people aged 65 or older make up over 14% of the population, we call it an ‘aged society’. When it reaches 20% or more, it’s a ‘super-aged society’. This term is mainly used in Korea and Japan.”

3. The Primary Role of a Nurse 1

“Nurses manage chronic diseases like dementia and Parkinson’s disease. They are also responsible for medication management, rehabilitation, and educating the patient’s family.”

4. The Primary Role of a Nurse 2

“Nurses also provide visiting care, run fall prevention programs, and take care of terminally ill patients. They help protect the dignity of patients until the end of their lives.”

5. Ethical Dilemma

Intro

: “Nurses often face ethical dilemmas when caring for elderly patients. One example is when a dementia patient wants to go outside, but there’s a risk of getting lost. Should nurses respect their freedom or protect their safety?”

Example

: “Another dilemma is about stopping life-sustaining treatment. If the patient doesn’t want it, but the family does, the nurse must act as a mediator between both sides. This is a very difficult situation.”

6. Real Case 1

“In one real case, an 85-year-old terminal cancer patient wanted hospice care and refused life-sustaining treatment. However, his family opposed it. The nurse had to decide whether to support the patient’s will or follow the family’s wishes.”

7. Real Case 2

“Another case: an elderly woman who had fallen before wanted to go out and see cherry blossoms for the last time. The nurse had to choose between taking the risk or following the guardian’s instructions to keep her inside.”

8. Nurse’s Posture and Competencies

“To deal with these situations, nurses need strong ethical thinking, good communication skills, and the ability to handle emotional labor. It’s not just a physical job, but a deeply human one.”

9. Realization

“Through this research, I learned how important nurses are in an aging society. Beyond treatment, they have great ethical responsibilities. I want to become a nurse who respects both life and people.”

10. Thank you for listening.

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pdf 용량 줄이는 사이트

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7. Blue hydrogen is classified as clean hydrogen because it has the same production method as gray hydrogen, but uses carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technology during the production process to minimize greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, the captured carbon dioxide is used as materials for cement, semiconductor gas, tires, etc. In other words, blue hydrogen can be seen as hydrogen with carbon dioxide removed from existing gray hydrogen. Since it emits less carbon dioxide than gray hydrogen, it is more environmentally friendly, and its technological maturity is higher than that of green hydrogen, securing technological competitiveness. It is currently attracting attention as a realistic alternative in the global hydrogen market. In particular, blue hydrogen can produce hydrogen at a reasonable cost necessary for the construction of hydrogen economy and social infrastructure as well as reducing carbon dioxide emissions in the current transitional stage from gray hydrogen to green hydrogen, so countries around the world are rushing to jump into the blue hydrogen industry. However, when blue hydrogen is produced from fossil fuels, a significant amount of methane escapes into the atmosphere, and it is not easy to store or utilize the captured carbon dioxide, so it cannot be considered the ultimate hydrogen.

8. Turkish hydrogen (cyan hydrogen) is a technology that produces hydrogen by putting natural gas into a high-temperature reactor. It decomposes natural gas, which mainly consists of methane, into hydrogen and solid carbon to produce hydrogen.In other words, cyan hydrogen extracts hydrogen from fossil fuels, but separates carbon dioxide in a solid state instead of a gaseous state.Therefore, since there is no gaseous carbon dioxide emission during the production process, it is classified as clean hydrogen along with blue hydrogen and green hydrogen.In addition, unlike blue hydrogen, it does not require carbon capture and storage (CCS) and has the advantage of using less electricity than when producing green hydrogen.In addition, the solid carbon produced in the hydrogen production process can be used as a raw material for carbon black, which is used as a raw material for tires, or artificial graphite, which is used as a cathode for secondary batteries, so there is no need to store the captured carbon dioxide in underground spaces such as bedrock, unlike blue hydrogen.In addition, cyan hydrogen can be produced from renewable natural gas generated from organic waste such as food waste, manure, or sewage.However, since blue-green hydrogen is difficult to mass-produce and is produced using natural gas, there is a limitation that the cost required for production fluctuates greatly.Green hydrogen produced using renewable energy rather than fossil fuels is more ideal, but in the coming hydrogen economy era, the production of green hydrogen will not keep up with consumption.In addition, since there is no carbon dioxide emission during the production process and there is no need to store the captured carbon dioxide, it is more environmentally friendly than blue hydrogen, so I think it is the most noteworthy method among the hydrogen production methods I introduced.9. Let's also learn about other hydrogen production methods.White hydrogen refers to naturally occurring underground hydrogen, and it is an attractive clean energy source that is currently being actively researched and explored because it can be extracted at minimal cost and with zero carbon emissions.Pink hydrogen is hydrogen produced by electrolyzing seawater or freshwater using cheap electricity produced at nuclear power plants. It is especially valuable to countries with existing nuclear infrastructure, and hydrogen can be produced regardless of weather conditions.

9.The world is now focused on hydrogen energy.

Major countries — including the U.S., EU, South Korea, and Japan — see hydrogen as a key future energy source and are making significant investments.

For example, the U.S. is investing $8 billion in hydrogen hubs, while the EU plans to invest over €200 billion by 2030.

South Korea is allocating around $2.3 billion, and Japan is advancing a hydrogen society through public-private cooperation.

Global companies are also taking action.

Firms like Air Liquide, Linde, Toyota, Hyundai, Siemens, as well as Korean groups like SK, POSCO, and Hyundai Motor, are investing across the full hydrogen value chain.

Hydrogen can decarbonize many sectors — from transportation and steel to energy storage and power generation.

In the end, hydrogen is not just an energy source — it is a key to a sustainable future.

10.Hydrogen has great potential, but there are still key challenges.

Green hydrogen is expensive, and storage and transport are difficult.

We also lack unified global safety standards.

To solve this, we need better electrolysis efficiency and improved catalysts.

Advanced storage methods like high-pressure tanks, ammonia, or metal hydrides can help.

Building hydrogen hubs and flexible systems is also essential.

11.In conclusion, hydrogen is a key enabler of the clean energy transition. Its diverse production methods allow flexible strategies tailored to local resources and needs, with green hydrogen as the ultimate goal. For now, transitional options like blue and turquoise hydrogen play a vital role in reducing emissions. With continued innovation, investment, and global cooperation, hydrogen is set to become more than just a fuel — it will be a catalyst for a truly sustainable energy future.”

12.This concludes my presentation. Thank you.

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1. Hello, I will present on the topic of "Types of Hydrogen Production", about the classification of hydrogen by production method and the rise of Turkish hydrogen.

2. First, let's look at why people are interested in hydrogen. The reason is that

First, hydrogen fuel cells use the process of producing electricity through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. What is surprising about this process is that no carbon dioxide is emitted at all, and only pure water is emitted as a byproduct.

Second, when looking at energy efficiency based on mass, hydrogen shows excellent performance, providing up to three times more energy per unit mass than fossil fuels.

In addition, hydrogen offers tremendous flexibility as an energy storage medium. Hydrogen can be stored in various forms, such as pressurized gas, extremely low-temperature liquid, or solid compounds.

Due to these advantages, hydrogen is attracting attention as an alternative energy source.

3. However, hydrogen exists mostly in the form of compounds on Earth, so a separate process must be performed to use it as an energy source. Let's look at the process. First, 'byproduct hydrogen' generated as a byproduct during the process of making petrochemicals or steel, second, 'reformed hydrogen' generated by decomposing natural gas at high temperature and pressure, and third, 'water electrolysis' method of producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water are representative methods of producing hydrogen. There are so many ways to produce hydrogen, and their environmental impacts also vary greatly.

4. So, in order to easily understand the raw materials, production methods, and carbon emissions of hydrogen, a system was introduced to classify the types of hydrogen by color. Based on this concept, in the next slide, we will look at the characteristics of each production method.

5. Gray hydrogen includes the byproduct hydrogen and reformed hydrogen mentioned above, and currently accounts for about 95% of global hydrogen production. Gray hydrogen is the most widely used hydrogen production method because it is the easiest to produce and the cheapest, but it produces a lot of carbon dioxide during the production process. If we look at it numerically, reformed hydrogen produces about 10kg of carbon dioxide when producing 1kg of hydrogen. As a result, hydrogen power generation using steam reforming reduces carbon dioxide emissions by only about 20-30% compared to conventional fossil fuel power generation. In addition, since the electricity used to generate high-temperature, high-pressure steam is produced from fossil fuels, additional carbon dioxide is generated.

6. Currently, ‘green hydrogen’, which is called the ultimate eco-friendly energy source, is an eco-friendly hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water with surplus electricity produced from renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, and does not generate any greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide or fine dust. However, green hydrogen has the problem of high production costs for generating electricity from renewable energy sources, and the efficiency of the electrolysis facility itself is not that high, so there are still problems to be solved for commercialization as the amount of electricity required for hydrogen production is high. One of the problems is that the electricity used to produce hydrogen is produced through renewable energy, but this energy source’s power output varies greatly depending on environmental conditions. To solve this problem, compressed air storage (CAES) methods are emerging as an alternative, which compresses and stores air using surplus electricity and then drives a turbine to produce electricity when needed later. An example is Wind2Gas Energy, a subsidiary of Greenpeace Energy.

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Is the News I See Real A World Shaped by Algorithms (Focusing on Filter Bubbles and Echo Chambers) 2

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그레이 블랙 심플한 마케터 포트폴리오 프레젠테이션.pdf

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1.Hello, my name is Ha Songee and I will be presenting today on "The Era of Reading Consciousness: The Technology and Care of  Peering into the Brain of a Comatose Patient".

2.A vegetative state is medically defined as a state in which a person has no consciousness or mobility due to cerebral abnormalities, but breathing and circulation are maintained. It refers to a state in which some brain function remains to sustain life, but voluntary movement or conscious behavior is not possible.

3.Traditional methods of determining consciousness have limitations. Traditionally, consciousness has been assessed by asking for a simple physical response. However, it has been increasingly recognized that this method has limitations because if a person is completely immobilized, they may be thinking and speaking internally but cannot express it because their body is unresponsive.

4.A technology that has emerged to overcome this limitation is fMRI, or functional magnetic resonance imaging, which shows in real time which parts of the brain are active, or in other words, "even if the body is not moving, the brain is responding." fMRI allows us to more accurately capture the presence of consciousness and allows us to assess more than just physical responses.

5.In 2006, Dr. Adrian Owen and colleagues at Western University in Canada used fMRI to look at the brains of immobilized patients and found that motor areas of the brain were activated in response to specific instructions - meaning that although there was no external response, the brain was understanding and responding to the commands. This was a major turning point in detecting consciousness in patients and opening up the possibility of communication.

6.This showed that fMRI has the potential to diagnose consciousness in patients and, in some cases, to be used as a means of communication. However, this technology is not applicable to all patients. Depending on the cause and location of the brain injury, the brain may respond differently, and some patients may not show a clear signal. This is a step that requires further research and a cautious clinical approach.

7.The decision to prolong life is more than just a medical judgment: "Should we withdraw life support from a patient who is conscious?" or, conversely, "Should we continue treatment even if the patient is unconscious?" These are deeply ethical questions. This means that no matter how advanced the technology, the final decision will always involve human values and judgment.

8.In these situations, nurses act as surrogate communicators for the patient - even if they can't speak or move, they can observe subtle reactions and relay them to the medical team, creating an important bridge to communicate the patient's condition.

9.Nurses also act as mediators between the family and medical staff. They help reconcile differing positions and make ethical decisions in a way that honors the patient.

10.In this regard, BCI technology is ushering in an era where we can communicate with our thoughts alone. By analyzing brain waves or neural signals to directly control computers or devices, it allows patients who are unable to speak or move to express their thoughts. Nurses will become increasingly important as the key link between patients and technology.

11.Capturing invisible consciousness, fMRI technology is becoming the new gold standard in healthcare for assessing recovery potential and making end-of-life care decisions. In the midst of these changes, nurses are interpreting patients' wishes, upholding bioethics, and acting as a bridge between humans and technology. In the end, nursing in the age of reading consciousness is moving beyond mere caregiving to co-determining the dignity and direction of patients' lives.

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Hello, I'm Park Hayeon of 3709.

The theme is "Nursing Practice in the Metaverse: Can It Replace Reality?" That's it.

Let's look at the role metaverse technology can play in the changing nursing practice environment.

1.Topic Selection Background

As hospital practice is restricted after COVID-19, the opportunity to contact actual patients is decreasing. There is also a lack of training centers and a large number of students. Currently, nursing practice has problems such as lack of training hospitals, patient privacy problems, and risk of accidents during practice. In addition, in the event of an infectious disease like COVID-19, practice may be completely stopped. While looking for a way to solve this problem, I noticed that virtual education using the metaverse is becoming more active throughout the education world.

2.What is the metaverse?

The metaverse is a new word that combines 'meta', which means virtual and transcendent, and 'universe', which means the world and the universe, and means a digital space in which reality and virtual are fused.

The metaverse includes VR, AR, MR, and XR.

VR is an alternative world built with digital data that is similar to or completely different from reality. AR refers to an environment that interacts through virtual overlapping objects expressed in 2D or 3D in real space. MR refers to creating new information such as new environments or visualizations by combining the virtual and real worlds. XR is a comprehensive term for AR, VR, and MR.

Currently, it is used in various ways not only in games, shopping, and meetings, but also in education.

3.What is metaverse nursing education?

Metaverse nursing education is a method of conducting simulation practice in a virtual space using extended reality (XR) technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). It is characterized by providing an immersive learning experience close to the actual hospital environment by simultaneously providing practice and theoretical education in a 3D virtual space without physical space constraints.

4.Why do you need it?

In nursing education, it is essential to acquire patient response skills and skills through various clinical practice as well as theory. However, traditional practice has many restrictions such as time, place, equipment, and patient safety. In particular, as face-to-face education has become more difficult since the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for safer and more flexible education methods has increased. As a result, metaverse-based non-face-to-face practice education has attracted attention.

5.Process

Virtual Hospital Simulation: Students can enter virtual hospitals through avatars and experience patient care, medication, emergency response, and more.

Situation-based learning (SBL): A real-life clinical scenario is provided within the metaverse, helping to develop judgment and clinical thinking.

Real-time Feedback: Instructors can observe student behavior in virtual space and provide real-time feedback.

Collaborative learning: Multiple students can access the same virtual environment and conduct team nursing, patient case conferences, and more.

6.Metaverse Nursing Education Real Case, Photo

<Case Study of Hallim University Sacred Heart Hospital>

They are practicing CPR, medication, and coping with fall patients virtually in VR. It is gradually expanding as part of nursing and practical training.

By implementing a metaverse environment similar to the situation of nursing patients in wards, operating rooms, intensive care rooms, and emergency rooms, new nurses experience various emergencies that may occur in the field and repeatedly train nursing skills necessary for each situation.

7.Benefits of Metaverse Nursing Education

Safe hands-on environment: less burden for mistakes because it is not targeted at real patients.

Learning repeatable: You can practice multiple repetitions of different situations, increasing your proficiency.

Realistic immersive learning: It has the advantage of enabling realistic practice thanks to a 3D environment designed like a real hospital room.

Improved accessibility: Anyone can get the same education, no matter where they are, no matter how long they are, no matter where they are, no matter how far or how long they are, and can practice at any time.

8.Limit

Of course, there are limits.

Because interactions with virtual patients are different from real people, they may fall short of training empathy ability or ethical judgment.

In addition, it is expensive to build VR equipment or systems, and the usage is complicated, so technical capabilities are also required.

1. a difference from reality

Sensory limitations: The touch, body temperature, facial expressions, movements, etc. of the actual patient are difficult to fully reproduce in the metaverse. Therefore, the sensory and intuitive experience needed in the actual clinical practice may be lacking.

Lack of Unpredictable Situations: Real-world clinical trials have a variety of unexpected situations, but metaverse scenarios are only within a pre-designed range, so there is a limit to improving real-world responsiveness.

2. technical constraints

Expensive equipment required: The equipment required to build a metaverse environment, such as VR headsets and high-spec computers, is expensive, and it is difficult for all educational institutions to have it.

Connectivity issues: Quality of education may vary depending on network connectivity or equipment performance. Some areas or students are less accessible.

Possibility of technical errors: Technical problems such as system errors, bugs, connectivity failures, etc. may cause the class to be interrupted.

3. Lack of preparation of instructors and learners

Digital Competency Differences: Some instructors and students may be unfamiliar with the metaverse or XR technology, which may result in less learning.

Lack of Educator Training: There is still a lack of training professional instructors to design and operate effective metaverse training.

4. Limitations of Educational Content

Lack of standardization: Metaverse nursing education content is not yet standardized, so there is a big difference in quality and content among educational institutions.

Lack of diversity in scenarios: There is a lack of scenario development that reflects complex and diverse patient conditions as real-world clinical practice.

5. ethical and legal issues

Privacy: Even in a virtual environment, learners' data is collected, which can raise ethical concerns regarding privacy.

Limitations of Medical Ethics Education: In the metaverse, it is difficult to fully experience ethical conflicts arising in real human-to-human relationships.

9.Future prospects

Nursing education will gradually be reorganized digitally, including the metaverse.

New forms of nursing education will be held, including patient-specific training and remote collaboration.

Metaverse nursing education is not just a substitute, but a new paradigm that complements and expands traditional nursing education. In the future, it is expected that through the convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analysis technology, it will be possible to provide personalized education and customized scenarios tailored to the learner's level.

10.Realization

So far, we have looked at the concept and career potential of metaverse nursing education. Technology does not replace the role of nurses, but can complement and expand them.

I was impressed by the metaverse nursing education in that it is an innovative method that goes beyond the existing education method. After the COVID-19 pandemic, various technologies were introduced to overcome the limitations of face-to-face education, and the metaverse felt very useful in that it allowed people to experience an environment similar to the actual clinical situation in a virtual space.

In particular, the advantage of repeated learning and being safe for mistakes seemed to instill confidence in prospective nurses. In addition, the flexibility of education regardless of time and place was impressive in that it was possible to learn various emergency situations and patient cases without going to the hospital.

But at the same time, I also felt that it was not perfect like all technologies. I think it is a task to be solved that the quality of education may not be equal due to differences in expensive equipment or network environments, and that the actual patient's subtle reaction or sensation.

Nevertheless, metaverse nursing education is likely to become an important axis of nursing education in the future, and I felt that it was an opportunity to further enhance the professionalism and responsiveness of nurses at the point of contact between technology and education. I thought that the attitude of flexibly adapting to these changes and actively accepting new technologies was more important to future nurses.

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Hello, my name is Yubin Lee, and today I would like to talk about the comparison of green building certification systems around the world.
Here is the outline of my presentation.
To begin, let me briefly explain what a green building certification system is. It’s a system that promotes sustainable and environmentally friendly architecture. Each country has developed its own certification system that reflects its environmental conditions and social needs. The main goals are to minimize environmental impact and to improve the quality of life for people.
There are several green building certification systems used across the world. In the United States, the most widely known system is LEED. In the United Kingdom, there’s BREEAM. South Korea has its own system called G-SEED, and Japan uses a system called CASBEE.
LEED, which stands for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, was developed in the United States and is now recognized globally. It evaluates various categories such as energy efficiency, water savings, material use, indoor environmental quality, location, and transportation. Based on the total score, a building is given a certification level: Certified, Silver, Gold, or Platinum. LEED is widely adopted not only in the U.S. but also in many other countries.
BREEAM, developed in the UK, is actually the oldest green building certification system in the world—it came before LEED. It evaluates a wide range of categories such as energy, health and wellbeing, pollution, transportation, materials, waste, land use, and ecology. Its rating levels range from Pass to Outstanding. BREEAM is mostly used in the UK and Europe and is known for its detailed and specific evaluation criteria.
G-SEED is South Korea’s own certification system, designed specifically for Korean environmental conditions and regulations. It focuses on reducing energy consumption and minimizing environmental burden. The system evaluates land use, energy and pollution control, materials and resources, and indoor environmental quality. The certification levels are divided into four grades, from Grade 1 to Grade 4.
CASBEE, which stands for Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency, is Japan’s green certification system. What makes CASBEE unique is that it evaluates both environmental load and the environmental quality or performance of the building. These are combined into a single indicator called BEE (Building Environmental Efficiency). The results are categorized as C, B-, B+, A, and S. CASBEE is closely linked to Japanese building standards and places equal emphasis on quality and efficiency.
Although all four systems share the goal of promoting sustainable architecture, each has its own focus and method of evaluation. LEED is strong in global standardization, BREEAM offers more detailed criteria, G-SEED is tailored to Korea’s specific needs, and CASBEE emphasizes both efficiency and environmental quality.
Now, let me explain the LEED application process. First, the project must be registered on the USGBC (U.S. Green Building Council) website, where you provide basic information about the project type and size. Second, during the pre-assessment and planning stage, a design plan is developed according to LEED standards and a target certification level is selected. Third, the architectural design and construction proceed while integrating LEED requirements. Fourth, documentation is prepared for each evaluation category and submitted via LEED Online, the official platform. Fifth, the review and verification process begins, where a USGBC team reviews the documents and may request additional information. Sixth, after the review, a certification decision is made and the project is awarded one of the four levels: Certified, Silver, Gold, or Platinum. Finally, after certification, the building should maintain its sustainable performance through proper operation and maintenance.
LEED certification comes with several benefits. It helps reduce energy costs through efficient design, supports environmental protection by using eco-friendly materials and minimizing waste, and improves occupant health by enhancing indoor air quality and maximizing natural light. In addition, LEED-certified buildings often have higher property values and may receive government incentives, such as tax reductions or subsidies, depending on the region.
Some famous examples of LEED-certified buildings include Taipei 101 in Taiwan, the Vancouver Convention Centre in Canada, and Apple Park in the United States.
That concludes my presentation. Thank you very much for listening.

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진로영어 진로주제발표 2

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AI and Robotics in Nursing: Help or Threat?

Hello everyone. My name is kimminseo, and today I’m going to talk about how AI and robotics are changing the field of nursing. Are they helping nurses, or are they becoming a threat to our future?

We live in a world where technology is growing very fast. In recent years, AI and robots have started working in hospitals. But this brings up an important question: are these machines here to support nurses—or to replace them? Let’s find out.

First, what do we mean by AI and robotics in nursing? AI, or Artificial Intelligence, is when machines can think, learn, and make decisions like humans. In nursing, robots can also help. They carry supplies, deliver medication, or even monitor a patient’s health. These tools are not science fiction—they’re already being used in real hospitals.

Why are they used? One big reason is that many countries are facing a shortage of nurses. Also, nurses often have too much work and too little time. AI and robots can help solve this. They make tasks faster, more accurate, and reduce stress for human nurses.

Let me give you some real examples. One is Moxi, a robot that works in some U.S. hospitals. Moxi delivers medical supplies and allows nurses to focus more on patient care. Another example is AI systems that track patients’ vital signs 24/7, so nurses can respond quickly in emergencies.

Now, let’s look at the benefits. For nurses, these machines can reduce physical work like lifting patients or walking long distances. This gives them more time to talk with patients and provide emotional support. It also helps improve efficiency in the hospital.

For patients, AI means better safety and faster response. It can watch over them all the time and alert nurses if something is wrong. Robots can also provide more consistent care, without human error from fatigue or stress.

But of course, there are also concerns. Many people worry that robots might replace human nurses. And machines can’t show emotions or empathy. Can a robot really care for a patient like a nurse can? Also, we should be careful not to depend too much on technology.

There are ethical issues, too. For example, if a robot makes a mistake, who is responsible? The nurse? The doctor? The company? And how do we keep patients’ private data safe from hacking or leaks?

So what do real nurses think? Many of them say AI is helpful—but only if it’s used as a tool, not as a replacement. They still believe the “human touch” is the heart of nursing. One nurse said, “Technology can support care, but it should never replace it.”

In conclusion, is AI a help or a threat? I believe it can be both. It depends on how we use it. If we use AI to support nurses, not replace them, then we can build a better future together—with human care and smart machines working as a team.

Thank you for listening.

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1)

Good morning everyone.

Today, I’m going to talk about AI – Everything You Didn’t Know.

2)

Let’s explore what AI is, how it works, its pros and cons, and what we can expect from it in the future

3)

So, what is AI?

AI stands for Artificial Intelligence. It is computer technology that imitates human intelligence — like thinking, learning, judging, and solving problems.

AI can learn from data and make its own decisions.

Some common uses include speech recognition, self-driving cars, game characters, and translators.

4-5)

AI is used in many fields.
For example:

Natural Language Processing, or NLP, helps machines understand and generate human language. Think of ChatGPT, translators, or Siri.

Image and Video Recognition is used in face recognition, medical diagnosis, or autonomous vehicles.

Speech Recognition and Synthesis converts voice into text and vice versa — like in subtitles or smart speakers.

Game AI controls NPCs and adjusts game difficulty.

And Recommendation Systems suggest content on YouTube, Netflix, and shopping sites.

Other important types include:

Autonomous Systems – like drones and self-driving cars.

Generative AI – which creates new images, music, or writing.

Security and Surveillance AI – to detect threats or abnormal behavior.

6)

There are two main types of AI: Traditional AI and Modern AI, including Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL).

Traditional AI is rule-based, not very flexible, and doesn’t learn.

Modern AI learns from data and can solve complex, dynamic problems.
This is why modern AI is more powerful and useful today.

7-8)

Let’s look at the advantages of AI:

It processes data faster and more accurately than humans.

It can automate repetitive tasks, saving time and increasing efficiency.

It works 24/7 without rest.

It offers personalized services, like YouTube recommendations.

It can create art, music, and writing.

However, AI also has disadvantages:

It may cause job losses due to automation.

It requires a lot of data, computing power, and energy.

There are ethical issues, like data bias or unclear responsibility.

We may become overdependent on AI and lose critical thinking skills.

And it can be misused — for fake news, deepfakes, or cyber attacks.

9-12)

In the future, AI will be smarter and more creative — making art, music, and stories.
It will support people in many fields: doctors, students, gamers, and more.

AI will not replace humans, but become a partner in industries like healthcare, finance, education, and manufacturing.

We also need to prepare for AGI — Artificial General Intelligence, which might match or even exceed human intelligence.
This brings great benefits but also serious risks, so we must create strong AI ethics and laws.

13)

In conclusion, AI is changing our world in exciting and sometimes challenging ways.
Let’s use it wisely — as a tool to help, not harm.

Thank you for listening!

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Title: The Development and Significance of Gravitational Wave Detection Technology

Slide 1 – Introduction

Hello, everyone.

Today, I will be presenting on a topic that is both scientifically fascinating and deeply connected to my career interests: “The Development and Significance of Gravitational Wave Detection Technology.”

Gravitational waves were once purely theoretical, but today, they are a vital tool for exploring the universe. Let’s begin by understanding what gravitational waves are.

Slide 2 – What Are Gravitational Waves?

Gravitational waves are ripples in spacetime, caused by the acceleration of massive celestial objects.

They propagate at the speed of light and carry energy across the universe.

These waves are typically generated during events like black hole mergers or neutron star collisions—extremely violent processes that we could never study with light alone.

Because gravitational waves interact weakly with matter, they can pass through regions of space that are completely opaque to electromagnetic radiation.

This makes them a unique and powerful tool for observing the invisible universe.

Now that we understand what gravitational waves are, let’s take a look at how they were predicted and understood through Einstein’s theory.

Slide 3 – General Relativity and Gravitational Waves

In 1916, Albert Einstein proposed the general theory of relativity, which describes gravity not as a force, but as the curvature of spacetime caused by mass.

According to this theory, when massive objects accelerate—like in a binary star system—they should generate ripples in spacetime.

Einstein mathematically derived the existence of gravitational waves, but he himself was uncertain whether they could ever be detected.

Due to their incredibly small amplitude, gravitational waves remained theoretical for decades.

However, scientists continued to search for indirect evidence, which leads us to the next stage in gravitational wave history.

Slide 4 – Indirect Discovery: The Hulse-Taylor Binary

In the 1970s, astrophysicists Russell Hulse and Joseph Taylor discovered a binary pulsar system called PSR B1913+16.

They observed that the orbit of these neutron stars was gradually shrinking, and the rate of orbital decay matched the predicted energy loss from gravitational wave emission.

This provided strong indirect evidence of gravitational waves.

Their work earned them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1993 and revived interest in building detectors to capture these waves directly.

And in 2015, that long-awaited breakthrough finally came.

Slide 5 – Direct Detection: LIGO’s Breakthrough

On September 14, 2015, the LIGO observatory made the first direct detection of gravitational waves.

This event, known as GW150914, was caused by the merger of two black holes over a billion light-years away.

This historic moment confirmed Einstein’s prediction after nearly a century and marked the birth of gravitational wave astronomy.

We had opened a new observational window to the universe.

But how exactly did we detect such tiny distortions in spacetime? Let’s take a closer look at the technology behind it.

Slide 6 – Detection Principle: Laser Interferometry

Gravitational wave observatories like LIGO use a technique called laser interferometry.

They use a Michelson interferometer with two long vacuum arms—each several kilometers in length—to measure changes in distance caused by passing gravitational waves.

These changes are incredibly small—less than a thousandth of the diameter of a proton.

To ensure accurate readings, the instruments must be shielded from seismic vibrations, thermal noise, and even quantum fluctuations.

This makes gravitational wave detection one of the most precise measurement challenges in modern science.

Now that we understand how the detection works, let’s explore the global network of observatories contributing to this field.

Slide 7 – Major Observatories Around the World

The most well-known observatories include LIGO in the United States, Virgo in Italy, and KAGRA in Japan.

KAGRA is unique because it’s built underground and uses cryogenic cooling to reduce noise.

These facilities work together through international collaboration, sharing data and improving sensitivity.

As technology advances, these observatories are being upgraded to detect even fainter and more distant gravitational wave sources.

Let’s look at one of the most remarkable events that these observatories have captured.

Slide 8 – Case Study: GW170817

In 2017, gravitational wave event GW170817 was detected, marking the first observation of a neutron star merger.

What made this event truly groundbreaking was that it was also observed using gamma-ray and optical telescopes.

This allowed scientists to study the same event through both gravitational waves and electromagnetic signals.

The event helped explain how heavy elements like gold and platinum are formed in the universe.

This kind of multi-source observation has revolutionized astrophysics, which brings us to the concept of multi-messenger astronomy.

Slide 9 – Scientific Impact of Gravitational Waves

Gravitational wave detection has profound scientific implications.

It allows us to test general relativity in extreme gravitational environments—conditions that were impossible to study before.

It also gives us direct insight into the behavior of black holes, neutron stars, and the very nature of spacetime.

By observing the invisible, we can answer fundamental questions about the universe’s structure and origin.

But combining gravitational wave data with other forms of observation makes the science even more powerful.

Slide 10 – Multi-Messenger Astronomy

Multi-messenger astronomy refers to the use of different types of cosmic signals—such as gravitational waves, light, and neutrinos—to study astronomical events.

This approach enables scientists to build more complete and accurate models of the universe.

By combining data from various observatories, we can track events more precisely and better understand complex cosmic processes.

This field is still growing rapidly, and its future is even more exciting.

Slide 11 – Future of Gravitational Wave Research

In the coming years, a space-based observatory called LISA—the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna—will be launched.

Unlike ground-based detectors, LISA will be able to observe low-frequency gravitational waves in space.

This will expand our detection range to include events such as supermassive black hole mergers and signals from the early universe.

Moreover, artificial intelligence will be used to process real-time data and identify signals more efficiently.

Now, I’d like to share how this topic connects to my personal academic and career goals.

Slide 12 – Connection to My Career Path

As someone who is passionate about space science, gravitational wave research deeply inspires me.

It combines advanced physics, precise engineering, and large-scale data analysis—fields I want to explore in the future.

By studying gravitational waves, I hope to contribute to our growing understanding of the universe and be part of groundbreaking scientific discoveries.

Slide 13 – Thank You

Thank you for listening to my presentation.

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4.UAM and Role of Pilots (Role of UAM and Pilot)

- mentioning the possibility that UAM will use autonomous flight technology (may not require a pilot?)

But! In the early UAM introduction stage or complex situation, the role of the pilot will still be important (safety management, emergency response)

- What more abilities should airplane pilots develop in the UAM era? (AI system supervision, operational capability in complex urban environments)

UAM and Pilot Role: Evolving Flight Paradigm

(1) Possibility of autonomous flight technology vs reality

- Full autonomy goal in 2035: With the development of AI and sensor technology, unmanned operation is expected to be possible in the long run.

- Initial stage (2025-2035): Pilots are on board or operated in remote surveillance mode for safety verification.

→ Example: Joby Aviation in the United States plans to release a pilot boarding model first when commercialized in 2025.

(2) Situation where a pilot is essential

- Emergency response: Human judgment is essential in case of sudden weather deterioration, sensor error, or abnormal path intrusion.

- Legal and social responsibility: Pilot intervention is inevitable in the early stages to clarify who is responsible in the event of an accident.

→ Case: In the 2024 German Volocopter test flight, the pilot manually controlled the sudden turbulence.

(3) Competency that pilots in the UAM era should develop

- AI system supervision ability:

- Understanding the decision-making process of automated algorithms

- LIDAR/RADAR DATA ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES COLLECTED IN REAL TIME

- Urban-specific operation technology:

- Precision operation in a narrow space between skyscrapers

- Altitude control to minimize propeller noise

- Cross-platform collaboration:

- Understanding the airspace sharing system with drones, helicopters, and general aircraft

- Smooth communication with ground control center

✈️ key summary:

UAM pilots will evolve from "machine operators" to "system surveillance and optimization experts." By 2040, the human-AI collaboration system will be standardized, and in this process, digital twin simulation capabilities and urban spatial cognitive capabilities will be highlighted as the most important skills.

5.Challenges and the Future Outlook (Challenges and Future Prospects)

- Challenges to be solved for UAM commercialization (securing technical safety, establishing an air traffic management system, preparing laws and regulations, noise problems, cost problems, etc.)

- Nevertheless, UAM's development potential and bright future presentation

Challenges for UAM Commercialization

- Secure technical safety

Technical verification such as safety of UAM aircraft, battery performance, and autonomous flight reliability is essential. High safety standards such as responding to emergencies and preventing collisions in actual urban environments must be met.

- Establishment of air traffic management system

A new traffic control system (UAM-only control, integration with existing aircraft) is required for multiple UAMs to operate simultaneously over the city center. Infrastructure construction such as Bertieport (takeoff and landing site) is also an important task.

- Establish laws and regulations

Institutional foundations such as flight standards, aircraft certification, pilot qualifications, and insurance are still insufficient, and related laws and regulations are required to be overhauled and international standardization [3] [5].

- Noise and environmental issues

Due to the nature of urban operations, noise reduction technology is essential, and securing residents' acceptance is also important.

- Cost and infrastructure issues

Economic challenges such as initial introduction costs, infrastructure investment, and operating costs burden must also be addressed. Securing airframe and support ports and establishing communication networks should also be carried out at the same time.

Future prospects and potential for development

Despite these tasks, UAM has great potential to become a key means of transportation for future cities by relieving traffic jams, shortening travel time, and providing eco-friendly means of transportation. The government and the private sector are working together to promote demonstration projects, technology development, and system maintenance, and challenges are continuing with the aim of commercialization in 2025.

After all, UAM is very likely to establish itself as an innovative future mobility.

6. Conclusion (conclusion)

- Emphasize the future urban landscape that UAM will bring once again

- I think the most important value of UAM

ex) Sustainable mobility, creation of new opportunities, etc.

- The audience concludes by asking questions about what they think about UAM.

Conclusion: The Future City UAM will Open

If UAM is introduced in earnest, we will face a new urban landscape where the sky road opens. Flying taxis become a daily routine, and moving quickly and pleasantly away from road traffic is no longer an imagination. The city center and satellite cities will get closer, and innovation will take place in various fields such as emergency medical care and logistics.

The most important value of UAM, in my opinion, is sustainable mobility and the creation of new opportunities. Eco-friendly electric power reduces carbon emissions, and a future is realized where anyone can move quickly and safely. Also, new industries and jobs will be created through UAM, and the way the city uses space and lifestyle will change significantly.

Now I'm curious about your thoughts.

What would the UAM-era city look like? What do you think about the changes UAM will bring to our lives?

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Hello everyone. Today I'll be talking about something we all experience but don't always notice - the way algorithms shape the news we see. The title of my presentation is: "Is the News / See Real? A World Shaped by Algorithms — Focusing on Filter Bubbles and Echo Chambers. "We live in a digital world overflowing with information. But have you ever wondered - are we really seeing the full picture? In this presentation, I want to explore how algorithms influence what we see online, and how that affects our understanding of the world. So first, what are algorithms? Algorithms are basically a set of rules or instructions that platforms use to organize and recommend content. For example, platforms like YouTube, TikTok, Instagram, and Google all use algorithms to decide what you see. Now let's talk about how algorithms work in the context of news. They track what we click, what we like, and how long we watch. Based on that, they show us more of what we "like" or agree with. And they often hide content that doesn't match our preferences. This leads us to the concept of filter bubbles. A filter bubble is a digital space where you only see information that matches your existing views. It's created by personalized algorithms that try to give you what you want - but not necessarily what you need. Why is this a problem? Because when we're stuck in a filter bubble, we miss out on different perspectives. It strengthens our existing beliefs and can lead to biased thinking or even misinformation. In short, we stop being challenged. A similar concept is the "echo chamber." An echo chamber is a space - often social - where the same ideas are repeated over and over. People support each other's beliefs without questioning them. Unlike filter bubbles, echo chambers are more about group dynamics than algorithms. Echo chambers can have serious real-world consequences. They reduce critical thinking and make people more polarized. And they make the spread of fake news much easier because no one is questioning what's being shared. So, what's the difference? Filter bubbles are created by algorithms and focus on personalized content. Echo chambers are built by communities or social groups and are based on repeated agreement. Both limit our exposure to different opinions — and that's dangerous. Let's look at some real examples. Political news on social media often looks different depending on who you are. YouTube recommends more extreme content over time. TikTok's For You page learns your preferences very quickly. Even Google search results can vary based on your search history. A famous case is the U.S. election. During the campaign, different people saw completely different news feeds. Each side believed their version of the news was the truth — even though the information was often biased or incomplete. Why should we care? Because this affects how we think, how we vote, and how we behave. It also makes it really difficult to understand or communicate with people who see the world differently than we do. So what can we do about it? First, try to follow different news sources. Talk to people who have different opinions. Be aware that what you see is not always neutral. And use fact-checking tools or websites that help identify bias. To wrap up, we need to question everything. Algorithms don't think - they calculate. It's our job to seek truth and not stay trapped in our bubbles. We can't just trust what we see online — we need to stay curious and critical. Thank you so much for listening. If you have any questions, l'd be happy to answer them. And remember — always think twice about what you see online.

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1. Hello, my name is Seo-Young Choi, and today I’ll be giving a presentation on chemical reactions in food.

2. The presentation will cover the definitions and explanations of the Maillard reaction and caramelization, their similarities and differences, real-life examples, and finally, a conclusion.

3. First, the Maillard reaction is a browning reaction involving reducing sugars and amino compounds. It was first reported in 1912 by French chemist Louis-Camille Maillard. When sugars are present with amino acids, peptides, or proteins, they react easily through several intermediate steps to produce brown pigments called melanoidins.

4. The chemical equation for the Maillard reaction is shown on the screen. Here, R-NH₂ represents an amino acid, the basic unit of proteins; RCHO represents a sugar; and RN=CHR represents the newly formed compound.

5. Next, caramelization is a phenomenon caused by the oxidation of sugars, which contributes to the rich color and nutty flavor in cooking. It is a non-enzymatic browning reaction, meaning enzymes are not involved. Volatile compounds formed during caramelization are responsible for the characteristic caramel flavor. Like the Maillard reaction, it is a type of non-enzymatic browning.

6. The Maillard reaction and caramelization are often confused because they share many similarities. As mentioned earlier, both are non-enzymatic browning reactions, occurring without the involvement of enzymes. They also occur at high temperatures and enhance the aroma and flavor of food.

7. However, despite these similarities, the two are distinctly different reactions. Let’s explore the differences.

8. The key difference lies in the components required. The Maillard reaction requires both sugars and amino acids, whereas caramelization only involves the breakdown of sugars through heat. In other words, the Maillard reaction needs both sugars and amino acids, but caramelization can occur with sugar alone.

9. Although both reactions occur at high temperatures, the specific temperature ranges differ. The Maillard reaction typically occurs between 120°C and 180°C, while caramelization starts around 160°C and continues at even higher temperatures.

10. The products formed are also different. The Maillard reaction produces melanoidins, along with other compounds like pyrazines and furans. Caramelization, on the other hand, results in compounds such as acetoin and diacetyl. The two reactions also differ in the factors that influence them and their typical applications in food.

11. In real life, the Maillard reaction occurs frequently in cooking meat, since proteins are required for the reaction. Caramelization, however, can happen simply by heating sugar, so it is common in dessert-making.

12. In summary, while both are non-enzymatic browning reactions, the Maillard reaction involves the reaction between sugars and amino acids, creating a brown color and savory aroma. Caramelization involves heating sugars alone, producing a sweet aroma and color. The Maillard reaction only occurs in foods with protein, such as meat or bread, while caramelization occurs in sugar-rich foods like sugar and onions. Though they result in similar browning effects at high temperatures, their chemical mechanisms and flavors are clearly different.

13. That concludes my presentation. Thank you for listening.

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What is UAM, why did it appear, and what problems are you trying to solve?

1. Introduction

(1) What is UAM?

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is a new air transportation system that uses electric-powered vertical takeoff and landing aircraft (eVTOL) and Bertieport (takeoff and landing site) to transport people or cargo at low altitudes, quickly, and safely within the city center.

Unlike conventional two-dimensional ground transportation, it refers to a three-dimensional transportation system that utilizes sky roads.

(2) Why did it appear?

UAM emerged on the back of social change and technological advancements, including:

- Population concentration in large cities and deepening traffic congestion

- Limitations of ground transportation (stagnation, time consumption, environmental pollution)

- Development of eco-friendly and low-noise electric power vehicle (eVTOL) technology

- Demand for improving urban productivity and civic quality of life

(3) Problems that UAM is trying to solve

UAM aims to solve urban problems as follows.

- Relieving traffic congestion: Reducing commuting time in the city center and increasing movement efficiency

- Improving environmental problems: Reducing greenhouse gases and exhaust gases by using electric power

- Utilization of urban space: Vertical takeoff and landing are possible without a runway, maximizing space utilization in the city center

- Logistics innovation: Rapid transportation of cargo and logistics is possible

In summary, UAM is a new transportation paradigm that aims to innovatively address congestion and environmental problems in urban traffic and build a future mobility ecosystem.

2. Core technology that enables UAM

(1) Electrical power and battery technology: core of compatibility

UAM is based on an electric propulsion system (eVTOL). Instead of internal combustion engines, high-power electric motors and high-capacity batteries are used to zero carbon emissions, and noise and vibration are greatly reduced compared to existing aircraft or cars.

- High energy density battery: Lithium ion, next-generation solid state battery technology to extend flight time (currently 80-100km level → target more than 200km in 2030).

- Rapid charging technology: We are developing infrastructure that can charge quickly within 15 to 20 minutes.

(2) Autonomous flight and AI technology: Pilotless operation

It aims to fly fully autonomous after 2035.

Sensor fusion technology: Combining LiDAR, radar, camera, and ultrasonic sensors to detect and avoid real-time obstacles.

AI-driven decision making: Deep learning algorithms automate weather changes, flight path optimization, and emergency response.

Remote monitoring system: Technology that simultaneously manages multiple aircraft in ground control centers is applied.

(3) New materials and lightweight technology: Maximizing efficiency

Carbon fiber composite material (CFRP): It improves energy efficiency by more than 30% by implementing five times strength in 1/5 weight compared to steel.

3D Printing Parts: Lightweights parts with complex structures and reduces manufacturing time by 70%.

Distributed electric propulsion (DEP): Six to eight small propellers are deployed to fly safely even in the event of a single engine failure.

(4) Noise reduction technology: Securing urban water solubility

Aerodynamic optimization: Low noise implementation with propeller blade shape design (reduced by more than 15 dB compared to conventional helicopters).

Active noise control (ANC): Application of technology that cancels generated noise in real time.

Vibration absorbing material: Graphene-based material that reduces gas vibration by more than 90%.

(5) Integrated traffic management system

U-Space: Combines satellite (GPS), 5G/6G communication, and cloud platforms to implement ultra-low delay air control.

Digital Twin: Pre-prediction of actual pre-operational hazards through flight simulations in virtual space.

When these technologies are combined, UAM can expect to connect urban-satellite cities within 30 minutes and reduce CO2 by more than 100 million tons per year. 🚁⚡

3. Example of specific changes in our lives when introducing UAM

(1) Commuting time innovation

For example, if you use UAM, you can arrive in 15 minutes from Gimpo Airport to Jamsil, which took an hour and 10 minutes by car. Travel 30-50km sections in the city center within 20 minutes and be freed from traffic jams.

(2) Dailyization of Air Taxi

If you book your destination and time with a smartphone app, you can board at Bertieport (takeoff and landing site) and travel quickly and comfortably to places you want, such as hospitals, schools, and companies, by flying taxis.

(3) Innovation in emergency medical care and disaster response

UAMs are used quieter and faster than existing helicopters to emergency patients, organ and blood transfer, and disaster site rescue, making it easier to secure golden time. Vertical takeoff and landing are possible in various places such as hospital rooftops and school playgrounds, which increases utilization.

(4) Changes in urban space and living patterns

Reducing travel time breaks down the physical boundaries of the city and broadens the choice of workplace, residential, and leisure spaces. Various activities such as commuting, business, and tourism between urban centers and satellite cities are activated.

(5) Creation of new industries and jobs

New services and jobs such as air taxi operation, Bertieport management, and UAM control will be created, and urban infrastructure and transportation paradigms will change smartly.

(6) Realization of eco-friendly transportation

The introduction of electricity-based UAM can reduce air pollution and carbon emissions, and reduce road traffic, which can also be expected to improve the environment.

As such, UAM is expected to bring innovative changes to our daily lives, including commuting, emergency medical care, urban structure, and industry.

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화이트 블랙 미니멀리스트 포트폴리오 프레젠테이션.pdf

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제목을-입력해주세요_

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Slide 1

Hello, my name is 이아림

Today, I’m going to talk about how hackers break into systems.

We’ll explore real hacking techniques and what makes our systems vulnerable.

Slide 2

So, what exactly is hacking?

Hacking means gaining unauthorized access to a computer system or network.

It can be used for theft, disruption, or even just exploration.

But in this presentation, I’ll focus on how it actually works.

Slide 3

Many systems are weak, and hackers take advantage of that.

Poorly written code, weak passwords, outdated software, and lack of encryption are common reasons.

Even one weak point can give hackers a way in.

Slide 4

Most hacking follows five main steps.

First, the hacker does reconnaissance—they gather information.

Then they scan for vulnerabilities, gain access, install backdoors to stay in control, and finally cover their tracks.

This is the basic structure of a cyberattack.

Slide 5

The first technique is phishing.

It uses fake emails or websites that look real to trick people.

The goal is to steal usernames, passwords, or personal data.

It’s more about fooling humans than breaking code.

Slide 6

Next is the brute force attack.

The hacker uses a program that automatically tries thousands of password combinations.

This works well on common or weak passwords.

It’s simple but can be very effective.

Slide 7

SQL Injection is one of the most dangerous attacks.

Hackers insert harmful SQL code into input fields, like login forms.

If the system doesn’t check the input properly, the hacker can bypass login or steal entire databases.

Slide 8

XSS, or Cross-Site Scripting, targets the users of a website.

The attacker injects JavaScript into the site.

This script can steal cookies or redirect users without their knowledge.

It’s dangerous because the attack comes from a trusted site.

Slide 9

In this attack, the hacker sits between two people who are communicating.

They can read or even change the information being sent.

If the connection isn’t encrypted, like without HTTPS, this attack is easy to do.

Slide 10

Let’s look at a real example from Korea in 2021.

A major website was hacked using SQL injection and outdated software.

Millions of records were leaked.

The result was identity theft and a huge loss of trust.

Slide 11

So, what can we learn?

Hackers use logic, not magic.

Most attacks succeed because of small mistakes in the system.

By understanding how attacks work, we can make our systems stronger and safer.

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3806문수연진로영어

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✅ 6. What Do They Actually Do?

A white hat hacker's job includes:

Testing websites, applications, and networks

Simulating real cyberattacks to uncover flaws

Helping companies develop stronger defenses

Participating in hacking competitions like CTF (Capture the Flag) to sharpen their skills

They fight silent battles in the background, using knowledge instead of weapons.

✅ 7. Real-Life Examples

In Korea, white hat hackers have prevented major damage.
Some restored hospital systems attacked by ransomware.
Others found vulnerabilities in government and corporate systems—before they could be exploited.
They rarely appear in the news, but they’re the reason our digital world keeps running safely.

✅ 8. Why I Chose This Path

One day, I saw my friend’s social media account get hacked.
It was shocking and frustrating.
That moment made me wonder—what if I could stop this from happening?
That question led me to the world of ethical hacking.
I want to become someone who protects others using technology.

✅ 9. How Can I Become a White Hat Hacker?

To become a white hat hacker, I need to:

Learn programming languages like Python, C, and Java

Study networks, operating systems, and cybersecurity tools

Earn certifications like CEH (Certified Ethical Hacker) or CISSP

And join coding clubs or hacking competitions to gain hands-on experience

It's a long journey, but a meaningful one.

✅ 10. Cybersecurity in the Age of AI

Artificial intelligence and smart devices are changing the game.
They bring convenience—but also new threats.
Hackers are now using AI.
So we need defenders who understand and control AI as well.
The demand for smart, ethical hackers is only going to grow.

✅ 11. My Dream: Becoming a Digital Guardian

My goal is to become someone who protects people's digital lives.
I don't want to be a sword—I want to be a shield.
A quiet protector who uses knowledge to defend privacy, trust, and safety.
White hat hackers may work in the shadows,
but their impact is bright and powerful.

✅ 12. Final Message

The internet is like a city—it needs laws, protection, and guardians.
White hat hackers are the digital guardians of our time.
So I ask you:
If your account were hacked tomorrow, who would you call?
I hope, someday, your answer could be me.
Thank you.

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Endglish:

1. Introduction
Hello, everyone. I’m Kim Aryeong from class 3706, and today I’ll be presenting on the topic: “How Glycation and AGEs Damage the Body: The Link Between Diabetes and Chronic Inflammation.”

2. Why This Topic Matters
Diabetes is not just a disease of high blood sugar—it is a complex disorder that causes widespread damage throughout the body. In particular, AGEs, or Advanced Glycation End-products, have recently gained attention as key mediators in chronic inflammation, aging, cardiovascular disease, and more. While preparing this presentation, I wanted to go beyond textbook knowledge and explore how AGEs affect real clinical outcomes and why they’re becoming important therapeutic targets.

3. What is Glycation?
Glycation is a non-enzymatic reaction where reducing sugars like glucose bind to proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids. This process occurs more frequently when blood sugar levels are high and becomes more pronounced over time. Since this reaction is not enzyme-controlled, our body cannot regulate it—leading to the formation of AGEs. In contrast, glycosylation is an enzyme-driven and essential physiological process. Understanding this distinction helps explain why glycation becomes a serious issue in diabetic patients.

4. Formation of AGEs
AGEs are formed through a series of chemical reactions known as the Maillard reaction. First, a sugar reacts with a protein to form a Schiff base, which rearranges into an Amadori product. These intermediates undergo further complex reactions to become AGEs. High blood glucose levels and oxidative stress accelerate this process. Recent studies show that AGEs can bind not only to proteins, but also to DNA and lipids, disrupting essential cellular functions.

5. What Are AGEs?
Once formed, AGEs are difficult to break down and tend to accumulate in various tissues, causing long-term damage. Key AGEs include carboxymethyllysine (CML) and pentosidine, which commonly build up in vascular endothelium, kidney glomeruli, and retinal tissues. These AGEs deform protein structures, reduce enzyme activity, disrupt signaling pathways, and promote cellular aging—all of which impair tissue function.

6. The RAGE Pathway
The most critical receptor for AGEs is called RAGE—Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products. When AGEs bind to RAGE, the NF-κB signaling pathway is activated, increasing the expression of inflammatory genes and promoting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This leads to endothelial damage, immune cell overactivation, and tissue fibrosis. RAGE is expressed in many organs, including the brain, lungs, and blood vessels, which explains the widespread systemic effects of AGEs. Targeting RAGE has thus emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy.

7. AGEs and Chronic Inflammation
The interaction between AGEs and RAGE triggers chronic low-grade inflammation. This process involves the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP, leading to insulin resistance, vascular damage, and immune dysfunction. The AGEs-RAGE axis is now recognized as a shared pathological mechanism not only in diabetes but also in Alzheimer’s disease, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disorders. AGEs serve as a molecular link between metabolic imbalance and chronic disease progression.

8. Long-Term Effects on Organs
AGE accumulation affects many organs, leading to serious clinical complications. In blood vessels, AGEs promote atherosclerosis. In the kidneys, they contribute to proteinuria and renal failure. In the eyes, AGEs in retinal vessels can cause diabetic retinopathy, increasing the risk of blindness. Recent studies also suggest that AGEs compromise the blood-brain barrier, elevating the risk of dementia and neurodegenerative diseases.

9. How to Prevent AGE Formation
To reduce AGE formation, strict blood glucose control is essential. Diets rich in antioxidants—such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and polyphenols—can also help. It’s important to avoid high-temperature cooking methods like frying and grilling. Studies show that the Mediterranean diet and DASH diet can reduce AGE accumulation. Pharmacologically, AGE inhibitors like aminoguanidine and pyridoxamine are under investigation, and drugs known as AGE breakers (e.g., alagebrium) are being tested for their ability to degrade existing AGEs.

10. Ongoing Research
Research into AGEs is rapidly expanding. Current studies include using blood AGE levels as early diagnostic biomarkers, developing RAGE inhibitors, and designing drugs that directly degrade AGEs. As AGEs have been implicated in cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and heart failure, targeting AGEs is becoming a promising direction for future medical breakthroughs. Personally, I found this topic fascinating, as it reveals how AGE research is extending beyond diabetes to the broader field of chronic disease therapy.

11. Conclusion
To summarize, AGEs are harmful byproducts formed under hyperglycemic conditions. They are key mediators of chronic inflammation and tissue damage, linked to both diabetic complications and other long-term illnesses. The formation, accumulation, and receptor-mediated actions of AGEs highlight their critical role in disease progression. With ongoing research and therapeutic innovation, we may eventually move beyond blood sugar control to fundamentally prevent and treat chronic diseases. This topic has truly inspired me to continue exploring the role of AGEs in future studies.

Thank you for listening.

Korean:

1. How Glycation and AGEs Damage the Body: The Link Between Diabetes and Chronic Inflammation

안녕하세요, ‘당화와 AGEs(Advanced Glycation End-products)가 어떻게 만성 염증과 당뇨 합병증을 유발하는지’에 대해 발표하게된 3706 김아령입니다.

2. Why this topic matters?

당뇨병은 혈당이 높아지는 단순한 질환이 아니라, 우리 몸 전체에 걸쳐 다양한 장기 손상을 일으키는 복합적 질병입니다. 특히 AGEs는 최근 들어 만성 염증, 노화, 심혈관 질환 등 여러 질환의 핵심 매개체로 주목받고 있죠. 저 역시 이 발표를 준비하면서, 단순히 교과서적 지식이 아니라, 실제로 임상에서 어떤 문제가 발생하는지, 그리고 왜 AGEs가 치료 타깃이 되는지 궁금증을 갖고 깊이 탐구하게 되었습니다.

3. What is Glycation?

당화(Glycation)는 포도당 등 환원당이 단백질, 지질, 핵산과 비효소적으로 결합하는 과정입니다. 이 반응은 혈당이 높을수록, 그리고 시간이 지날수록 더 많이 일어납니다. 특히, 당화는 효소가 관여하지 않기 때문에 우리 몸이 조절할 수 없고, 그 결과로 생성되는 물질이 바로 AGEs입니다. 반면, 글리코실화(glycosylation)는 효소에 의해 조절되는 정상 생리적 과정으로, 당화와는 본질적으로 다릅니다. 이 차이를 이해하면서, 왜 당뇨 환자에서 AGEs 축적이 훨씬 심각한 문제로 이어지는지 알아보도록 하겠습니다.

4. Formation of AGEs

AGEs의 형성은 ‘마이야르 반응(Maillard reaction)’이라는 반응이 수반됩니다. 먼저, 당과 단백질이 만나 ‘쉬프 염기(Schiff base)’를 만들고, 이것이 ‘아마도리 산물(Amadori product)’로 전환된 뒤, 다양한 화학 반응을 거쳐 최종적으로 AGEs가 생성됩니다. 특히, 체내에서는 혈당이 높을수록, 그리고 산화 스트레스가 클수록 AGEs가 더 많이 만들어지게 됩니다. 최근 연구에서는, AGEs가 단백질 뿐 아니라 DNA, 지질과도 결합하여 세포 기능을 근본적으로 교란한다는 사실이 밝혀지기도 했습니다.

5. What are AGEs?

이 AGEs는 한 번 생성되면 체내에서 분해가 어렵고, 다양한 조직에 축적되어 장기적 손상을 유발합니다. 대표적인 AGEs로는 카르복실메틸라이신(CML), 펜토시딘 등이 있으며, 이것들은 혈관 내피세포, 신장 사구체, 망막 등 혈류가 풍부한 조직에 주로 쌓입니다. 이때 AGEs는 단백질의 구조를 변형시키고, 효소 활성 저하, 신호전달 장애, 세포 노화 촉진 등 다양한 방식으로 조직 기능을 저해합니다.

6. The RAGE Pathway

AGEs의 가장 중요한 표적 수용체는 RAGE(Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products)입니다. AGEs가 RAGE에 결합하면, NF-κB 신호전달 경로가 활성화되어 염증성 유전자 발현이 증가하고, ROS(활성산소종) 생성이 촉진됩니다. 이로 인해 혈관 내피세포 손상, 면역세포의 과활성화, 조직 섬유화 등이 일어나게 되는 것이죠. 특히, RAGE는 뇌, 폐, 혈관 등 다양한 조직에 발현되어 있어, AGEs의 전신적 영향력이 매우 큽니다. 이 때문에 최근에는 RAGE 억제제가 새로운 치료의 타깃으로 연구되고 있기도 합니다.

7. AGEs and Chronic Inflammation

AGEs와 RAGE의 결합은 단순한 염증 반응을 넘어서, ‘만성 저등급 염증(chronic low-grade inflammation)’을 유발합니다. 이 과정에서 IL-6, TNF-α, CRP 등 다양한 염증성 사이토카인이 분비되고, 이로 인해 인슐린 저항성, 혈관 손상, 면역계 교란 등도 발생합니다. 실제로, AGEs-RAGE 축은 당뇨 뿐 아니라, 알츠하이머병, 만성 신부전, 심혈관 질환 등 다양한 만성 질환의 공통된 병리 기전으로 제시되고 있습니다. 이 부분에서 AGEs가 단순히 당뇨 합병증의 원인을 넘어, 만성 질환의 분자적 연결고리임을 드러내기도 합니다.

8. Long-term Effects on Organs

AGEs는 혈관, 신장, 망막 등 다양한 장기에 누적되어, 실제 임상적으로 심각한 합병증을 유발합니다. 예를 들어, 앞서 말했듯 혈관 내피세포에 AGEs가 축적되면, 죽상동맥경화증이 촉진되고, 신장 사구체에 쌓이면 단백뇨와 신부전이 발생합니다. 망막 혈관에 AGEs가 침착되면, 망막병증으로 실명 위험이 높아집니다. 최근 연구에서는 AGEs가 뇌혈관 장벽을 손상시켜, 치매와 신경 퇴행성 질환의 위험도 높인다는 사실이 밝혀졌습니다.

9. How to Prevent AGE Formation

AGEs 형성을 줄이기 위해서는 우선 혈당을 철저히 관리하는 것이 중요합니다. 또한, 항산화 영양소(비타민 C, E, 폴리페놀 등)가 풍부한 식단, 그리고 고온 조리(튀김, 그릴 등)를 피하는 식습관이 도움이 됩니다. 실제로, 건강한 지방이나 식물성 식품을 중심으로한 지중해식 식단이나 곡류, 유제품 등 섭취를 강조하는 DASH 식단이 AGEs 축적을 줄인다는 연구 결과도 있습니다. 약물적으로는 아미노구아니딘, 피리독사민 등 AGEs 형성 억제제가 연구 중이며, 최근에는 이미 형성된 AGEs를 분해하는 ‘AGE breaker’(예: 알라게브리움)도 임상시험이 진행되고 있습니다.

10. Ongoing Research

AGEs와 관련된 최신 연구는 매우 활발합니다. 예를 들어, AGEs의 혈중 농도를 조기 진단 바이오마커로 활용하는 연구, RAGE 억제제 개발, 그리고 AGEs를 직접 분해하는 약물 개발 등이 대표적입니다. 특히, AGEs가 암, 알츠하이머병, 심부전 등 다양한 질환의 예후와도 관련이 있음이 밝혀지면서, AGEs 타깃 치료가 미래 의학의 중요한 축이 될 것으로 기대됩니다. 저는 이처럼 AGEs 연구가 단순히 당뇨를 넘어, 다양한 만성 질환의 근본적 치료로 확장되고 있다는 점에 큰 흥미를 느끼는 계기가 되었습니다.

11. Conclusion

정리하자면, AGEs는 고혈당 상태에서 생성되어, 만성 염증과 장기 손상의 핵심 매개체로 작용합니다. 이들의 형성, 축적, 그리고 RAGE를 통한 신호전달은 당뇨 합병증 뿐 아니라, 다양한 만성 질환의 병태생리와 밀접하게 연결되어 있습니다. 앞으로 AGEs와 관련된 연구와 치료 전략이 발전한다면, 단순한 혈당 조절을 넘어, 만성 질환의 근본적 예방과 치료가 가능해질 것이라 기대합니다. 저 역시 이 주제를 더 깊이 탐구하면서, 앞으로 AGEs 연구에 지속적으로 관심을 갖고 싶다는 생각을 하게 되었습니다. 이상으로 발표를 마치겠습니다. 감사합니다.

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이한빛 진로영어.pdf

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1. Hi guys. I’m gonna talk about PB robot today

2. First, we’ll see what kind of previous researches had been done. Here are few examples of robotic creatures emulating biological forms and functions. Like humanoids, robotic quadrupeds, birds, insects and microscale biorobots which can diagnose diseases, deliver drugs, or destroy tumors. And there were also Conventional LMs. It is liquid drops having a spherical, coated with hydrophobic microparticles, and its structure is similar to the PB robot. But these robots have explicit limits. It’s that abilities of cellular organisms to freely deform, divide, fuse, and engulf alien substances are still hard to realize with conventional robotics.

3. To overcome these limits, PB robot has created. It’s Particle-armored liquid roBot, liquid-particle composite. It has few special feature. It has Fluidity and adaptability. Thanks to such features, it can navigate through complex environments, engulf and transport cargoes, and adapt to various environments.

4. Now, let’s talk about how it’s structured. Essentially, it’s It is a liquid blob coated with unusually abundant superhydrophobic particles. Liquid core is consisted of Water + PBS + DMEM + etc… and offer biological flexibility and fluid’s characteristics. And PTFE particles, which is hydrophobic, coat the liquid core and allow it to withstand significant mechanical stresses. As we can see the Fabrication process of a PB on the left side, it is made as PTFE particles combined to liquid core’s surface as it’s melt.

5. So, how is it possible to control this robot? We can control this robot by using ultrasonic transducer. We can result velocity(v) by using some physic formulas. X is moved distance, a is the acceleration, I the moment of inertia, α the angular acceleration, m mass, R the sphere radius and ζ the rolling resistance offset distance. By using these variables, we can write down the second basic formulas. And using these, we can result to the velocity the below.

6. Using that formulas, we can simulate the robot’s movement. So, here’s the comparison between experimental data and simulation module’s results. In the first graph, we can see the distance between speaker to robot Inversely proportional to the acoustic radiation force. We can interpret this force as an acceleration which is a basic physic concept. So, remembering that acceleration decrease, let’s look at the second graph. The degree of graph, which means acceleration is decreasing too. And, we can see the the velocity is increase and decrease again though acceleration isn’t minus. It’s because the ζ, the resistance is applied. Anyway, we can verify that theoretical velocity of PB we found earlier to be consistent with the experimental results. It shows that we can predict and control the path of Robot.

7. So, we’re talk about four robotic feature of PBs, emulating biological forms and functions. First function is penetration. PB, encountering the hydrophilic pillar array while driven by the acoustic radiation force, succeeds in separating from both hydrophobic and hydrophilic pillar array. It’s because The sufficiently many particles present on the PB quickly cover the splitting rear segments minimizing the direct contact of interior water and the hydrophilic pillar. Fd is driving force, and Fr is resistance, cuz Fa, Fc is both resistance. So, we can simply think Fd/Fr as a speed. Through the graph on the right side, we can find that the penetration is more likely to succeed when it’s moving faster.

8. Second is Engulfing. Just as phagocytes in our immune system ingest foreign materials, PBs can engulf external particles. Affinity of the particles with the water is necessary for the engulfing. Thus, PBs ingest only hydrophilic particles, exhibiting selectivity of the engulfing behavior. The graph on the right shows that the faster the robot is, the higher the probability of successfully swallowing an beed.

9. Third, it’s Merging. We experimentally demonstrate the merging of two adjacent PBs by applying the acoustic radiation force from above. Let’s check on the process. the liquid bridge generated at the moment of contact rapidly grows in radius due to the high Laplace pressure from the high initial curvature, leading to further growth of the surface area. The PBs can stably cover this expanded area with abundant particles and the merged PBs becomes a single large PB. And, The most important factors that determine whether the neighboring PBs merge are the distance between them and the strength of acoustic radiation force to flatten them. When the PBs are too apart, their contact is not strong enough to form a bridge between them. Excessively strong acoustic radiation force rather bursts individual PBs. So, the graph shows appropriate acoustic radiation, the height of ultrasonic transducer, according to the distance between two PBs. As the tendency, the further PBs are apart, the acoustic radiation needs to be stronger.

10. The last function is skimming. Hydrophobic particles can float on water even when much denser than water thanks to capillary forces. Furthermore, a thin air layer that forms between the particle layers and the external water surface greatly reduces the friction associated with the aquatic propulsion or skimming. So, intact transition from water to land and vice versa is possible.

11. Now here’s summary of presentation : PB is a liquid robot that captures the dynamic capabilities and structural resilience of biological cells. It has remarkable structural stability under various stress conditions. And it use acoustic radiation force for movement control it has functions: navigating  intricate environments, engulfing and transporting cargoes, crossing water and land boundaries, merging to adapt to new requirements. These capabilities will greatly increase the utility of robots in unpredictable and dynamically changing environments.

12. Finally, how can this robot can be used? Alternative liquids, if they can be frozen and hydrophobic particles can adhere to their surface without sinking, can be used. Potential alternative liquid phases include solutions such as phosphate-buffered saline, or nutrient-rich liquid culture media. => expand the range of applications for PBs to biomedical and biochemical fields. Different combinations of materials and propulsion schemes can be used for facilitating autonomous operations and interactions with environments. For instance, incorporating self-propelled particles, such as magnetic particles, could enable PB splitting as guided by the external magnetic field. Furthermore, PBs can be propelled by gravitational, aerodynamic, electric, or magnetic forces, as well as acoustic force.

13. Thanks for listening. Have a good day :)

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Meaning of EdTech
Hello. Today, I will introduce EdTech.
EdTech is a combination of Education and Technology. It refers to using IT technologies to make education more efficient and enjoyable.
Representative companies include QANDA, Megastudy, and Class101.

Introduction to EdTech Technologies
First, let me give an example of an AI-based math problem-solving service.
When a user takes a photo of a problem, AI automatically recognizes the problem area and extracts the text using OCR technology.
Then, using a deep learning-based similarity analysis model, it finds similar problems and immediately provides existing explanations if available.
If there are no similar problems, the user is connected to a real-time tutoring system and can receive detailed explanations via chat within 10 minutes.

Roles of EdTech Employees
In EdTech companies, various departments collaborate to develop services.
The development team builds apps, AI systems, and handles data analysis.
The education content team plans problems and content based on the curriculum, and the design team creates UI and visual elements.
The marketing team manages digital promotions, while the operations team handles customer support and learning history management.
The strategy team analyzes the market and sets business directions, and the sales team works with educational institutions and partners.

Educational Effects of EdTech
EdTech helps students develop self-directed learning skills.
AI systems recommend content suited to students’ levels and encourage repeated practice for thorough understanding.
Multimedia and interactive content create an immersive learning environment.
Additionally, EdTech analyzes students’ weak points and mistakes to enable efficient supplementary learning.

Limitations of EdTech
However, EdTech has limitations.
Students lacking self-management skills may have difficulty concentrating or may stop learning altogether.
EdTech cannot fully replace the emotional and social roles of teachers.
The lack of human interaction such as encouragement, empathy, and motivation may cause students to give up easily when their motivation drops.

Skills Required for EdTech Teachers
EdTech teachers must have digital literacy.
They need to be proficient in basic computer skills, AI tutors, LMS, and video conferencing tools.
They should also be able to analyze students’ academic achievements and weaknesses based on data.
Moreover, teachers must design educational content suited to students’ levels and create engaging lessons using videos, quizzes, and simulations.
Finally, they need creative problem-solving skills and the ability to integrate subject knowledge with IT flexibly.

Qualifications Required for EdTech Teachers
To become an EdTech teacher, having a degree in education or teacher training is essential.
Teachers in elementary, middle, and high schools must graduate from education departments, teacher colleges, or teacher training programs and pass certification exams.
Having IT and computer knowledge increases competitiveness in the EdTech environment.
Basic coding, data analysis, and digital tool skills are helpful for managing personalized education systems and creating digital content.

Future Prospects of EdTech
In the future, EdTech is expected to grow rapidly based on AI, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) technologies.
Immersive learning using VR and AR provides realistic educational experiences.
Microlearning and digital badges are spreading as short and focused learning methods.
Hybrid learning models combining online and offline education are gradually being established, and the global EdTech industry continues to grow with ongoing investment.

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1. What's the Difference Between EMR and EHR?
Hello. Today, I’ll talk about the differences between EMR and EHR, two essential digital systems in modern healthcare. At first, I thought the terms were almost the same. But through this research, I found that they serve very different roles in real hospitals.

2. What is EMR (Electronic Medical Record)?
An EMR is a digital version of a patient’s chart used inside a single hospital or clinic. It contains information like diagnoses, prescriptions, and test results, mainly for doctors to manage care internally. In the past, these records were kept on paper, but now, EMRs have replaced them in most institutions.

3. What is EHR (Electronic Health Record)?
An EHR is a digital health record that can be shared across different hospitals and medical institutions. It covers more than just treatment—it includes preventive care, wellness data, and long-term health information. So we can say it's a patient-centered system for continuous and coordinated care.

4. EMR vs EHR: Key Differences
Now let’s compare the key differences between EMR and EHR. First, let’s talk about shareability. EMR is limited to one hospital or clinic, so the information can’t be shared outside. In contrast, EHR allows sharing across different institutions, which means a patient’s history follows them even if they visit a different hospital. Next is the scope. EMRs focus on clinical data like diagnoses and prescriptions, while EHRs include a broader range of information, such as immunization records and lifestyle habits. Lastly, let’s look at the purpose. EMR is mainly a tool to support doctors in documenting care, but EHR is designed for connecting patient information across institutions, enabling teamwork and long-term care.

5. When EMR is Appropriate
EMR is a good choice for small clinics or solo practices where data sharing is not necessary. It is also useful when simplicity and low cost are priorities.

6. When EHR is Appropriate
EHR is suitable when integrated management of a patient's complete medical history is needed. It’s ideal for multi-institutional collaboration and referrals. And it's essential in areas focusing on preventive medicine and long-term chronic care.

7. What Do Hospitals Actually Use?
So which system do hospitals actually use? In general, large hospitals tend to use EHR systems because they require coordination across departments and institutions. However, smaller clinics or private practices often stick with EMRs due to lower cost and simplicity. In Korea, the current system is still EMR-centered, but there is an ongoing transition toward EHR adoption at both the government and hospital levels.

8. Benefits of EHR
Let’s look at the advantages of adopting EHR. First, since medical history is shared across hospitals, doctors can make more accurate diagnoses. Second, continuity of care is maintained when patients are transferred between facilities. Third, duplicate tests and prescriptions can be avoided, which helps reduce medical costs overall.

9. Disadvantages of EHR
EHR also has its disadvantages. One major issue is the high initial cost of setting up the system. It also takes time and training for medical staff to become comfortable with it. Sometimes the user interface can be complicated, and in some cases, doctors may spend more time entering data than treating patients.

10. The Limitations of EHR
There are also some structural limitations. First, systems from different hospitals are often incompatible, making it hard to exchange data. Second, there’s always the risk of personal information being leaked or hacked. If the network fails, medical care may be delayed, and since not all patient records are fully digitized, it can be difficult to maintain complete and accurate medical information.

11. Conclusion: Which Is Better, EMR or EHR?
Which system is better, EMR or EHR? The answer depends on the clinical context and the healthcare setting. For smaller clinics or simple cases, EMR might be sufficient. However, for long-term, integrated patient care, EHR is more efficient and beneficial. However, transitioning from EMR to EHR requires careful planning and gradual implementation to overcome challenges and ensure data security.

12. What I Learned From This Study
Through this research, I realized that the digitalization of medical systems is directly linked to patient safety. As someone who wants to become a nurse, I now understand that understanding and effectively using health information systems is just as important as providing patient care.

Thank you.

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White Hat Hackers: Shadow Heroes Who Protect Our Digital World

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White Hat Hackers: Shadow Heroes Who Protect Our Digital World

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6/12 리로스쿨 업로드

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6/12 리로스쿨 업로드

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6/5 스크립트(영어) 완성

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6/5 스크립트(영어) 완성

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수소 생산 방식에 따른 구분

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Analysis of Math Edutech Industry

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AI(장단점, 종류, 작동원리)

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AI(장단점, 종류, 작동원리)

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The Role and Ethical Dilemma of Nursing in an Aging Society

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The Role and Ethical Dilemma of Nursing in an Aging Society

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고령화 사회에서 간호의 역할과 윤리적 딜레마

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Telehealth Nursing: Benefits and Challenges in Modern Healthcare

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Telehealth Nursing: Benefits and Challenges in Modern Healthcare

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내가 보는 뉴스는 진짜일까? - 알고리즘이 만든 내 세상 (필터버블과 에코챔버 현상을 중심으로)

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내가 보는 뉴스는 진짜일까? - 알고리즘이 만든 내 세상 (필터버블과 에코챔버 현상을 중심으로)

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PB robot : how to emulate biological forms and functions 

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PB robot : how to emulate biological forms and functions 

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PB 로봇: 어떻게 생물학적 형태와 기능을 모방하는가?

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How Hackers Break In: Exploring Cybersecurity

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How Hackers Break In: Exploring Cybersecurity

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Understanding the Tactics Behind System Intrusions

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의식을 읽는 시대: 혼수상태 환자의 뇌를 들여다보는 기술과 간호

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의식을 읽는 시대: 혼수상태 환자의 뇌를 들여다보는 기술과 간호

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Nursing practice in the metaverse: can it replace reality?

— 메타버스 속 간호실습: 현실을 대체할 수 있을까?

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How Glycation and AGEs Damage the Body: The Link Between Diabetes and Chronic Inflammation

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How Glycation and AGEs Damage the Body: The Link Between Diabetes and Chronic Inflammation

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당화반응과 AGEs가 신체에 미치는 피해: 당뇨병과 만성 염증의 연결 고리

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The Development and Significance of Gravitational Wave Detection Technology

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The Development and Significance of Gravitational Wave Detection Technology

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중력파 관측 기술의 발전과 의의

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세계의 친환경 건축 인증 시스템 비교

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세계의 친환경 건축 인증 시스템 비교

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5/29 진로주제발표자료 완성

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5/29 진로주제발표자료 완성

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진로주제발표 평가기준(요약)

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진로주제발표 평가기준(요약)

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1. 모두 영어로 작성

2. 표지포함 PPT 11장이상

3. 사진 3장이상 포함

4. 어법, 어휘오류 X

5. 내용이 주제에 맞게 논리적으로 구성되어야 함

※캔바,미리캔버스 등으로 작성후 PDF파일로 업로드※

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캔바 무료이용(선생님초대계정)

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캔바 무료이용(선생님초대계정)

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회원가입 후 이용하세요.(무료)

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진로주제발표 주제 예시

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진로주제발표 주제 예시

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1. Green Jobs of the Future: Careers in Sustainable Technology(미래의 녹색 직업: 지속 가능한 기술 분야의 진로)

2. AI in the Workplace: How Automation Is Redefining Career Paths(직장에서의 인공지능: 자동화가 진로를 어떻게 재정의하는가)

3. Healthcare Without Borders: Medical Careers in Global Tele‑medicine(국경 없는 의료: 글로벌 원격의료 시대의 의료 직업)

4. Experience Economy: Turning Hobbies into Profitable Careers(경험 경제: 취미를 수익성 있는 직업으로 전환하기)

5. Smart Cities and Urban Planning: Careers Shaping the Future of Living(스마트 시티와 도시 계획: 미래 생활을 설계하는 직업)

6. Cultural Content Export: K‑Pop, K‑Drama, and Global Branding Careers(문화 콘텐츠 수출: K‑팝·K‑드라마와 글로벌 브랜딩 직업)

7. Space Entrepreneurship: From Satellite Start‑ups to Lunar Tourism(우주 창업: 위성 스타트업에서 달 관광까지)

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1. 주제

2. 요약 1문장(한글)

3. 이 글의 장점 2가지 (한글)

4. 모르는단어 5개, 구문 3개

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선택주제영작 평가기준(요약)

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선택주제영작 평가기준(요약)

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1. 주제 및 예시, 근거를 제시

2. 문법, 어법, 철자오류 없음

3. 7문장 이상

4. 글의 전개가 독창적이고 창의적

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진로영어 진로주제발표자료 예시 PDF

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진로영어 진로주제발표자료 예시 PDF

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요약 한문장 :

다큐멘터리는 사회 문제를 알리고 사람들의 인식을 변화시켜, 실제로 사회적 변화를 이끌어내는 중요한 역할을 한다.

장점 두가지:

실제 다큐멘터리를 예로 들어 다큐멘터리가 어떻게 사회적 변화를 촉발하는지 명확하게 설명하고 있어 독자가 이해하기 쉽다.

다큐멘터리가 감정을 자극하는 동시에 사실적인 정보를 전달함으로써 사람들의 행동을 이끌어낸다는 점을 강조, 사회적 변화를 촉진하는 두 가지 핵심 요소를 잘 다루고 있다.

모르는 단어:

드러난, 노출된 exposed

인식, 지각 perceptions

범고래 orca

격분 outrage

중요한 significant

모르는 구문:

Documentaries are more than just visual content. 비교급형태가 쓰이고 있다.

It is important for us to listen to diverse voices through documentaries.

진주어,가주어 형태가 쓰이고있다.

By delivering emotional stories and factual information.

전치사 by가 쓰이고있다.

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미래기술 변화가 공학자의 역량에 미치는 영향

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미래기술 변화가 공학자의 역량에 미치는 영향

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선택주제영작 주제 3가지

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선택주제영작 주제 3가지

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1. 미래의 직업을 소개하고, 영어교과의 중요성

2. 미래 기술 변화가 내가 원하는 직업에 미칠 영향

3. 진로관련 자유주제

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진로영어 수행평가 세부계획

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진로영어 수행평가 세부계획

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미래 기술 변화가 내가 원하는 직업에 미칠 영향

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미래 기술 변화가 내가 원하는 직업에 미칠 영향

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English Version:

As technology continues to evolve at a rapid pace, it will inevitably shape the career path I hope to pursue. I aspire to work in the field of environmental science, focusing on sustainability and renewable energy. Future advancements in technology will have a significant impact on my career. For example, the development of more efficient solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage systems will create new opportunities for environmental scientists to implement sustainable solutions on a larger scale. These innovations will allow us to address global energy demands while reducing our carbon footprint.

Furthermore, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning will play a crucial role in my field. AI can help optimize energy production and consumption, predict environmental changes, and improve the efficiency of renewable energy systems. As a result, I will need to adapt to these technological tools and learn how to work alongside AI to achieve more effective outcomes. This will require continuous learning and upskilling in new technologies, which is both exciting and challenging.

In conclusion, the rapid pace of technological change will have a profound impact on my desired career, presenting both challenges and opportunities. By embracing these changes and staying updated with new advancements, I can contribute to the future of sustainable energy and make a meaningful difference in the world.

Korean Version:

기술이 빠르게 발전함에 따라, 그것은 내가 희망하는 직업 경로에 큰 영향을 미칠 것입니다. 저는 환경 과학 분야에서 지속 가능성 및 재생 가능 에너지에 집중하는 직업을 원합니다. 미래의 기술 발전은 제 직업에 중요한 영향을 미칠 것입니다. 예를 들어, 더 효율적인 태양광 패널, 풍력 터빈, 에너지 저장 시스템의 개발은 환경 과학자들이 지속 가능한 해결책을 더 큰 규모로 구현할 수 있는 새로운 기회를 창출할 것입니다. 이러한 혁신들은 우리가 글로벌 에너지 수요를 해결하면서도 탄소 발자국을 줄이는 데 도움을 줄 것입니다.

또한, 인공지능(AI)과 머신러닝은 제 분야에서 중요한 역할을 하게 될 것입니다. AI는 에너지 생산과 소비를 최적화하고, 환경 변화를 예측하며, 재생 가능 에너지 시스템의 효율성을 높이는 데 도움이 될 수 있습니다. 이에 따라 저는 이러한 기술 도구에 적응하고, AI와 협력하여 더 효과적인 결과를 이끌어내는 방법을 배워야 할 것입니다. 이는 지속적인 학습과 기술 향상이 필요하며, 그 과정은 흥미롭고 도전적일 것입니다.

결론적으로, 기술 변화의 빠른 속도는 제 직업에 깊은 영향을 미칠 것이며, 도전과 기회를 모두 제공할 것입니다. 이러한 변화를 받아들이고 새로운 발전에 맞춰 나가며, 저는 지속 가능한 에너지의 미래에 기여하고 세상에 의미 있는 변화를 일으킬 수 있을 것입니다.

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미래의 직업과 영어 교육의 필수성

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미래의 직업과 영어 교육의 필수성

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English Version:

The world is rapidly evolving, and with it, the job market. In the future, many professions we are unfamiliar with today will emerge, especially as technology advances. Careers in fields such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and sustainable energy will become more prominent. For instance, roles like AI ethics consultants, genetic engineers, and renewable energy designers will be crucial. The demand for such experts will rise as society continues to innovate and address global challenges like climate change and healthcare.

However, no matter the field, one skill will remain indispensable: proficiency in English. English is the global language of business, research, and technology. A biotech researcher in Seoul can easily communicate with a tech expert in Silicon Valley, thanks to English. Furthermore, most cutting-edge research is published in English, and international companies conduct meetings in English. For this reason, mastering English will give professionals a competitive edge, allowing them to engage in global conversations, collaborate with international teams, and access vital information.

In summary, as the job landscape evolves, so too will the importance of English. Those who are fluent in the language will be more adaptable, have access to wider opportunities, and lead the charge in innovative fields.

Korean Version:

세상은 빠르게 변하고 있으며, 직업 시장 또한 그 변화에 맞춰 진화하고 있습니다. 미래에는 오늘날 우리가 낯설게 느끼는 직업들이 등장할 것입니다. 특히 인공지능, 생명공학, 지속 가능한 에너지와 같은 분야에서 새로운 직업들이 두각을 나타낼 것입니다. 예를 들어, AI 윤리 컨설턴트, 유전자 엔지니어, 재생 가능 에너지 설계자와 같은 직업들이 중요해질 것입니다. 사회가 혁신하고 기후 변화와 건강 문제와 같은 글로벌 도전에 대응할 때, 이러한 전문가들의 수요는 더욱 증가할 것입니다.

그렇지만 어떤 직업을 선택하든, 하나의 능력은 반드시 필요합니다: 바로 영어 능력입니다. 영어는 비즈니스, 연구, 기술의 글로벌 언어로 자리 잡았습니다. 예를 들어, 서울의 생명공학 연구자가 실리콘밸리의 기술 전문가와 원활하게 소통할 수 있는 것은 영어 덕분입니다. 또한 대부분의 최신 연구는 영어로 발표되며, 국제 기업은 영어로 회의를 진행합니다. 이 때문에 영어를 잘 구사하는 사람은 경쟁력을 가질 수 있으며, 전 세계 사람들과 협력하고 중요한 정보를 얻을 수 있는 기회를 얻게 됩니다.

결론적으로, 직업 시장이 변화함에 따라 영어의 중요성도 더욱 커질 것입니다. 영어를 유창하게 구사하는 사람들은 더 많은 기회를 얻고, 혁신적인 분야에서 앞서 나갈 수 있을 것입니다.

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엔지니어가 영어를 배워야 하는 이유

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엔지니어가 영어를 배워야 하는 이유

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소아와 노인의 생리학적 차이에 따른 약물 반응 차이 비교

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소아와 노인의 생리학적 차이에 따른 약물 반응 차이 비교

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인공지능(AI)이 간호사 뿐만 아니라 보건&의료 분야의 역할에 미치는 영향

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인공지능(AI)이 간호사 뿐만 아니라 보건&의료 분야의 역할에 미치는 영향

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미래기술 발달이 파일럿에게 미칠 영향

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미래기술 발달이 파일럿에게 미칠 영향

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미래기술 변화가 해커 분야에 미칠 영향

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미래기술 변화가 해커 분야에 미칠 영향

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AI발전에 따른 SW분야의 변화

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AI발전에 따른 SW분야의 변화

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AI와 로봇 간호사가 인간 간호사의 역할에 미치는 영향

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AI와 로봇 간호사가 인간 간호사의 역할에 미치는 영향

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머신러닝에 의해 변화하게될 수학의 모습

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머신러닝에 의해 변화하게될 수학의 모습

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1. 기술발달현황

1) Ai의 발달로 코드를 ai가 작성해줌.

2) 코드없이도 개발할 수 있는 기술이 많이 생김

2. 역량 제시

1) 코드를 작성하는 능력이 아닌, 코드를 이해하고 활용할 수 있는 능력이 필요함.

2) 다양한 선택지를 때에 맞게 효율적으로 사용할 수 있는 발상을 할 수 있어야 함.

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반복 업무 자동화• 로봇이 

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반복 업무 자동화

• 로봇이 환자 이동 보조, 약물 분배, 생체 신호 모니터링 수행

• AI가 환자 데이터 분석 및 건강 상태 예측

미래 간호사의 역할 변화

• AI 시스템을 활용한 데이터 분석 및 의사 결정 능력 필요

• 기술 관리 및 감독자로서의 역할 증가

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인공지능 발달이 화학적 연구에 미치는 영향

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인공지능 발달이 화학적 연구에 미치는 영향

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1. 주요 생리학적 차이<

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1. 주요 생리학적 차이

소아: 간·신장 미성숙, 체수분↑, 체지방↓ → 약물 대사·배설 느림

노인: 간·신장 기능 저하, 체수분↓, 체지방↑ → 약물 축적 위험 증가

2. 약물 반응 차이

흡수: 소아·노인 모두 위산 분비↓ → 일부 약물(예: 약한 산성 약물) 흡수 저하

분포:

소아: 수용성 약물(예: 항생제) 분포↑ → 필요 용량 증가

노인: 지용성 약물(예: 진정제) 축적↑ → 작용 시간 연장

대사:

소아: 간 대사 효소 미성숙 → 1차 대사 지연(약물 작용 지속)

노인: 간 대사 기능 저하 → 1차 대사 약물(예: 베타차단제) 혈중 농도↑

배설:

소아: 신장 배설 기능 미숙 → 신장 배설형 약물(예: 항생제) 축적

노인: 신장 기능 저하 → 약물 배설 지연(예: 디곡신, NSAIDs)

3. 간호학적 고려사항

소아: 용량 조절(체중·연령 기준), 보호자 교육, 복약 순응도 향상

노인: 신장·간 기능 평가 후 용량 조절, 다약제 사용 모니터링, 낙상 예방

4. 결론

소아와 노인은 생리적 특성 차이로 인해 약물 대사·배설 과정이 다르게 작용하므로, 연령별 맞춤형 약물 관리가 필수적이다.

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AI와 로봇 기술의 발전이 간호사와 환자 관계에 미치는 영향

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AI와 로봇 기술의 발전이 간호사와 환자 관계에 미치는 영향

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다큐멘터리가 사회적 변화를 촉발하는 방법

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다큐멘터리가 사회적 변화를 촉발하는 방법

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외국인 환자 수 증가로 인한 의료에서의 딜레마

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외국인 환자 수 증가로 인한 의료에서의 딜레마

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양자 컴퓨팅이 천문학 연구에 미칠 영향

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양자 컴퓨팅이 천문학 연구에 미칠 영향

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1. 자율비행 및 Al 지원시스템 개발

2. 전기 및 수소 연료 도입

3. 조종사의 역할 변화

4. 결론

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인공지능과 머신러닝을 통한

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인공지능과 머신러닝을 통한 정교한 자동화 도구가 해킹 기법 개발과 취약점 탐지

새로운 암호 체계의 취약점을 공략하거나 방어 기술을 개발해야함

IoT와 엣지 컴퓨팅의 확산으로 인해 다양한 기기가 네트워크에 연결되면서 공격 경로가 다양해지면서 보안 취약점도 증가

클라우드 서비스 및 API의 등장으로 전통적 보안 체계의 한계점 -> 새로운 공격 전략을 시도

분산원장 기술과 스마트 계약의 취약점을 악용할 가능성이 있음

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주제: AI와 로봇 기술의 발전이 간호사와 환자 관계에 미치는 영향

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주제: AI와 로봇 기술의 발전이 간호사와 환자 관계에 미치는 영향

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기술발전

-인공지능(AI)과 로봇 기술이 간호사의 역할에 영향을 미침

AI의 역할

-질병 진단, 생명 징후 모니터링, 실시간 데이터 제공

로봇의 역할

-환자 이동, 약물 전달 등 육체적 작업 지원

효율성 향상

-기술이 간호사의 육체적 부담을 줄이고 효율성 증가

간호사와 환자의 관계

-기술의 사용 증가로 환자와의 대면 상호작용이 줄어들 가능성 있음

긍정적 영향

-간호사가 환자에게 더 많은 정서적 지원과 직접적인 돌봄 제공 가능

부정적 영향

-기술 의존으로 인한 환자 고립감 증가 우려

균형 유지의 필요성

-간호사는 기술을 사용하면서도 개인적인 관계를 유지해야 함

미래전망

-AI와 로봇 기술이 발전하더라도 간호사의 인간적인 역할은 중요함

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1. 인공지능과 진단 보조

AI 기반 진단 시스템은 CT나 MRI 영상을 분석하여 의사가 더 정확한 진단을 내릴 수 있도록 도와준다.

2. 원격 의료와 디지털 헬스케어

5G기술과 사물인터넷(IoT)의 발전으로 원격 의료가 더욱 활성화될 것이다. 의사는 환자를 직접 대면하지 않고도 진료할 수 있으며, 웨어러블 기기를 통해 실시간으로 건강 데이터를 모니터링할 수 있다.

3. 로봇과 자동화 기술 도입

수술용 로봇이 발전하면서 더욱더 정밀한 수술이 가능해지고, 로봇 간호사나 약제 로봇이 병원 내에서 업무를 보조할 수 있다.

4. 빅데이터와 맞춤형 치료

환자의 유전자 정보, 생활 습관, 병력 등을 분석하여 개인별 맞춤형 치료를 제공하는 정밀의료가 활성화될 것이다. 빅데이터를 기반으로 질병의 조기 발견과 예방이 가능해지고, 의료 서비스의 질이 향상될 것이다.

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서론: 천문학 연구는 방대한 데이터와 복

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서론: 천문학 연구는 방대한 데이터와 복잡한 계산이 필요한 분야이기 때문에 기존 슈퍼컴퓨터의 한계를 극복할 수 있는 기술로 양자 컴퓨팅이 주목받고 있음.

본론:

양자 컴퓨팅이란?

양자 컴퓨팅이 천문학 연구에 미칠 영향

1. 천체 물리학 시뮬레이션의 발전

2. 빅데이터 분석 속도 향상

3. 외계 행성 탐색 및 기후 변화 연구 활용

결론: 양자 컴퓨팅은 천문학 연구 발전에 기여할 수 있지만, 아직 기술이 초기 단계이므로 실용화를 위한 연구가 필요함.

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AI기술 발전에 따른 간호사의 역할이 어떻게 발전할까 

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AI기술 발전에 따른 간호사의 역할이 어떻게 발전할까 

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AI는 환자의 데이터를 실시간으로 분석하고, 질병을 예측하거나 환자의 상태 변화를 감지하는 데 사용된다

이는 간호사들이 환자를 더 효율적으로 관리하고 위험 상황에 빠르게 대처할 수 있게 한다

-환자의 상태를 실시간으로 모니터링하는 AI 시스템->응급상황 대처

-간호사들의 반복적인 업무를 줄여주는 ai의 자동화 역할->간호사들이 환자케어에 더 많은 시간 투자, 피로도 감소

-미래의 간호사들은 단순한  환자 돌봄을 넘어 데이터 분석과 기술 활용 능력을 갖춰야한다

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Hello everyone, and thank you for being here today. My name is 정규원, and I’d like to talk to you about a topic that’s transforming modern healthcare—telehealth nursing. As our world becomes increasingly digital, nursing is also adapting to new technologies. Especially since the COVID-19 pandemic, telehealth has gone from being a convenience to a necessity. Today, I’ll walk you through what telehealth nursing is, the benefits it offers to both patients and healthcare providers, the challenges it still faces, and what we can expect in the future.

So, what exactly is telehealth nursing? It refers to providing nursing care remotely using digital platforms like video calls, mobile health apps, and even text messaging. This type of care can include clinical services, like monitoring a patient’s blood pressure or blood sugar levels, as well as non-clinical support like educating patients about their medications. Telehealth nurses can check in with patients regularly, track their progress, and offer support—all without being in the same room.

Now let’s talk about the benefits, starting with patients. One of the most obvious advantages is improved access to care. Patients who live in rural or underserved areas no longer have to travel long distances just to see a nurse. It saves both time and money. It’s also more convenient—patients can schedule appointments that fit into their day, and they can receive follow-up care from the comfort of their homes. For those managing chronic illnesses like diabetes or hypertension, regular virtual check-ins can lead to better outcomes and fewer hospital visits.

Nurses and the healthcare system benefit too. Telehealth allows for more efficient workflows. Nurses can see more patients, sometimes in shorter timeframes, and with less physical strain. During the pandemic, it also helped reduce exposure to infectious diseases. It encourages collaboration—nurses, doctors, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals can now connect easily through digital platforms, improving overall care coordination.

Let me give you a quick real-world example. Imagine a patient with type 2 diabetes who has weekly video check-ins with a nurse. The nurse reviews the patient’s glucose levels through an app, discusses symptoms, and adjusts the care plan as needed. This kind of continuous monitoring has led to improved blood sugar control and fewer emergency visits. It’s just one example of how telehealth nursing can make a real difference in people’s lives.

But of course, it’s not without its challenges. On the technical side, some patients don’t have a stable internet connection, or they may not own a smartphone or computer. Even when the technology is available, sessions can be disrupted by technical issues, which makes care delivery harder. Then there’s the issue of privacy—handling sensitive health data online raises concerns about cybersecurity and patient confidentiality.

There are also professional and ethical concerns. Nurses may find it difficult to build trust with patients when communication is limited to a screen. It’s also harder to assess physical symptoms, like swelling or skin conditions, without being there in person. On top of that, legal regulations vary between countries—and even between states or regions—so nurses need to be careful about what services they’re allowed to provide remotely.

From the patient’s side, there are additional barriers. Many older adults struggle with using technology. Some patients have language barriers, hearing loss, or other impairments that make virtual care difficult. And let’s face it—not everyone feels comfortable receiving medical advice over a screen. Some people simply don’t trust virtual platforms with their health.

Despite all these challenges, the future of telehealth nursing looks promising. New technologies like AI and wearable devices are improving how we track health data and deliver care. Nurses are now receiving training in digital tools and remote communication. However, for telehealth to truly succeed, we’ll need better infrastructure and fairer policies. Everyone deserves access to quality healthcare—whether they’re sitting in a hospital or at home with a smartphone.

In conclusion, telehealth nursing has opened a new chapter in healthcare. It offers convenience, flexibility, and expanded access—but we must also recognize the real challenges, both technical and human. The most promising future likely lies in a hybrid approach that combines the best of virtual care with the irreplaceable value of face-to-face interaction. To make that future a reality, we need continued investment in technology, training, and healthcare policy.

Thank you so much for your attention.

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화합물 설계 및 합성 예측

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화합물 설계 및 합성 예측

가상 실험(시뮬레이션) 가능

폐기물 최소화로 환경 보호

-> 인공지능이 발달함에 따라 화학적 연구의 효율성이 올라갈 뿐만 아니라 정확도도 올라 더 나은 결과를 도출해낼 가능성이 높아짐

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엔지니어

직업 특

﻿﻿각종 기술 설계, 개발

﻿﻿글로벌한 직업

번역기의 한계

﻿﻿실시간 소통 어려움

﻿﻿단순 철자오류 큰 차이 유발

Ex) Chat Gpt 상용화 초기 > 영어 모듈이 속도나 언어의 유연성에서 훨씬 빠르고 높은 활용도를 보임.

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English Version:

Astronomy is a field that deals with massive amounts of data and complex calculations about the universe. However, traditional computers have limitations when it comes to simulating phenomena like black hole collisions or studying dark matter. To overcome these challenges, quantum computing has recently gained attention as a powerful new technology.

Quantum computing is based on the principles of quantum mechanics, and it allows not only faster calculations but also the ability to solve problems that classical computers cannot handle. It uses quantum bits, or qubits, which can represent both 0 and 1 at the same time, enabling true parallel processing.

For example, quantum computers could simulate the early universe or black holes more precisely and efficiently than even today’s supercomputers. They can also help in searching for exoplanets, analyzing astronomical big data, and exploring mysterious elements like dark energy.

Although quantum computing is still in the early stages of development, companies like Google and IBM are making rapid progress. Once it becomes more practical, it will likely revolutionize how astronomers conduct research. In the future, quantum computing may become an essential tool for astronomers around the world.

Korean Version:

천문학은 방대한 데이터를 분석하고 복잡한 우주 현상을 계산하는 학문이다. 하지만 기존 컴퓨터로는 천체 시뮬레이션이나 암흑물질 연구 같은 복잡한 계산에 한계가 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결할 수 있는 기술로 최근 주목받는 것이 양자 컴퓨팅이다.

양자 컴퓨팅은 양자역학의 원리를 기반으로 한 새로운 계산 방식으로, 단순히 빠른 속도뿐만 아니라 기존 컴퓨터로는 풀 수 없던 문제도 해결할 수 있다. 큐비트라는 단위를 이용해 0과 1을 동시에 표현하고, 병렬 계산이 가능하다는 점이 특징이다.

예를 들어, 블랙홀 충돌이나 우주의 초기 상태와 같은 복잡한 시뮬레이션은 기존 슈퍼컴퓨터로는 계산에 오랜 시간이 걸리지만, 양자 컴퓨팅을 사용하면 훨씬 빠르게 정밀한 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 또한 외계 행성 탐색, 암흑물질 연구, 빅데이터 분석 등에도 응용될 수 있다.

양자 컴퓨팅은 아직 초기 개발 단계지만, Google, IBM 등 여러 기업이 활발히 연구 중이며 점차 발전하고 있다. 앞으로 기술이 실용화되면 천문학의 연구 방식은 물론, 발견의 속도와 깊이에도 큰 변화를 가져올 것이다. 미래의 천문학자에게 양자 컴퓨팅은 꼭 필요한 도구가 될 수 있다.