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The Cuban Missile Crisis brought the U.S. and the Soviet Union to the brink of nuclear war. It led to increased public awareness about the dangers of nuclear conflict and the development of strategies like "duck and cover" drills. It also led to the establishment of the Hotline Agreement and the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, which continue to influence U.S. foreign policy and arms control efforts.

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Impact: The war led to widespread protests, social upheaval, and a generational divide in the U.S. It also deeply influenced American military and foreign policy, creating a more cautious approach to interventionism. The war's legacy continues to shape discussions about military engagement, particularly in the Middle East.

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Impact: When the Soviet Union blockaded West Berlin, the U.S. and its allies organized an airlift to supply the city. This event reinforced America's commitment to defending democracy and freedom worldwide, especially in Europe. The U.S. remains committed to NATO and European security, influencing its military presence in the region today.

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Impact: The U.S. and the Soviet Union competed to demonstrate technological superiority through space exploration. The U.S. landing on the Moon in 1969 symbolized American innovation and leadership. Today, the Space Race has influenced technological advances, the growth of private space companies, and ongoing scientific exploration.

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McCarthyism and the Red Scare (1947–1957)

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McCarthyism and the Red Scare (1947–1957)

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Impact: Senator Joseph McCarthy’s witch hunts targeted alleged communists within the U.S. government, Hollywood, and other institutions, leading to widespread fear of communism. The fear of being labeled a "communist" still lingers in American political discourse, and the event marked a low point in civil liberties and political freedoms in the U.S

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McCarthyism and the Red Scare (1947–1957)

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Impact: The Korean War marked the first significant military engagement of the Cold War and solidified U.S. involvement in Asia. The division of Korea remains a legacy of the Cold War, with ongoing tensions on the Korean Peninsula influencing U.S. foreign policy and military presence in the region

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The Arms Race and Nuclear Proliferation 1945-1991

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The Arms Race and Nuclear Proliferation 1945-1991

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Impact: The Cold War saw the U.S. and the Soviet Union engage in an arms race, developing an array of nuclear weapons. The threat of nuclear war influenced U.S. culture and politics, and ongoing concerns about nuclear weapons and arms control shape U.S. policy today, including negotiations with countries like Iran and North Korea.

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Impact: The Cold War provided a backdrop for the Civil Rights Movement. The U.S. sought to present itself as the model of freedom and democracy, but racial inequality threatened that image. The movement helped drive significant legislation, like the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965, leading to greater social equality today.

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Impact: NATO was formed as a military alliance between the U.S. and Western Europe to counter Soviet expansion. The U.S. continues to have strong ties with NATO, which shapes its foreign policy, military strategies, and role in global security.

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The Fall of the Berlin Wall (1989) and the End of the Cold War

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The Fall of the Berlin Wall (1989) and the End of the Cold War

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Impact: The fall of the Berlin Wall symbolized the collapse of Soviet communism and the end of the Cold War. It led to the reunification of Germany and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The post-Cold War world order still influences U.S. relations with Russia and former Soviet states, and it sparked a new phase of globalization that has reshaped the global economy

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The Fall of the Berlin Wall (1989) and the End of the Cold War