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Here on this urban fallow land we try to envision an alternative future for recovering the river and the river shore for the benefit of the people and the planet.

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Camberwell Green needs an uplift

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a section of guiguinto river in front of San Ildefonso Parish Church.

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Guiguinto, the Garden Capital of the Philippines, is a a peri-urban municipality and part of the Greater National Capital Region (GNCR) of the Philippines. Due to the increasing demands of urbanization the garden capital now faces several problems: land use change, cultural-heritage & identity loss, social and habitat fragmentation, ecological degradation leading to vulnerability to ecological risks, and the effects of climate change to name a few.

The Guiguinto River, envisioned to be part of guiguinteños everyday life as a Blue-Green Corridor, as source of clean water, connecting communities and bringing life to the people.

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The Palouse Hills Group - Morgan Stanley, West Quinault Avenue, Kennewick, WA, USA

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The Palouse Hills Group - Morgan Stanley, West Quinault Avenue, Kennewick, WA, USA

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The Palouse Hills Group - Morgan Stanley, West Quinault Avenue, Kennewick, WA, USA

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The Palouse Hills form one of North America’s most productive agricultural landscapes, known for wheat and lentil farming on its distinctive rolling terrain. The curved topography supports contour farming but faces systemic challenges such as soil erosion, pesticide runoff, and the effects of climate change on crop yields. These pressures highlight the need for more sustainable soil and water management in the region.

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Havana Bay faces the systemic interplay of climate change, with sea-level rise threatening its historic core, while urbanization and tourism-driven pressures strain its infrastructure and social fabric. The contamination of the bay's ecosystem exacerbates vulnerability to flooding, highlighting the urgent need for sponge city principles. These combined pressures risk gentrification, marginalizing local communities in this iconic patrimonial landscape.

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Metro Manila is a highly urbanized megalopolis that is composed of a landscape mosaic that is disaster-prone, unsustainable, and inequitable. New infrastructure developments claim to solve issues of the region, but might potentially contribute to its negative conditions. When tackling complex urban systems, issues cannot be handled separately but in coordination.

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Landscape: Lake Urmia, Northwest Iran

Lake Urmia is one of the largest hypersaline lakes in the world, but it has dramatically shrunk over the past decades. Systemic impacts include climate change, water diversion for agriculture, and unsustainable land and water management. These factors have disrupted local ecosystems, affected biodiversity, and created serious socio-economic challenges for nearby communities.

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Intelligent search from Bing makes it easier to quickly find what you’re looking for and rewards you.

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KÖYCEĞİZ - DALYAN ÖZEL ÇEVRE KORUMA BÖLGESİ, Tepearası, Ortaca/Muğla

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KÖYCEĞİZ - DALYAN ÖZEL ÇEVRE KORUMA BÖLGESİ, Tepearası, Ortaca/Muğla

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KÖYCEĞİZ - DALYAN ÖZEL ÇEVRE KORUMA BÖLGESİ, Tepearası, Ortaca/Muğla

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This landscape represents a fragile system where tourism, agriculture, and natural conservation coexist. The area faces challenges such as water pollution, seasonal tourism pressure, and habitat degradation, all of which impact the local economy and ecosystem balance. I chose this area to analyze the interaction between natural systems and human activities, and to understand how landscape economy influences sustainability.

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Butembo: Economic Growth and Urban Unsanitariness

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Located in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, Butembo is one of the region’s most dynamic commercial hubs, attracting traders, students, and migrants seeking better livelihoods.
However, this rapid urbanisation and demographic pressure have outpaced infrastructure development. The result is visible environmental degradation and poor sanitation, with unmanaged waste, polluted water streams, and informal settlements encroaching on natural systems.
This illustrates how economic vitality without systemic urban planning can trigger unsanitary conditions and threaten ecological balance.

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Galataport İstanbul, Kılıçali Paşa, Meclis-i Mebusan Caddesi, Beyoğlu/İstanbul

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Galataport İstanbul, Kılıçali Paşa, Meclis-i Mebusan Caddesi, Beyoğlu/İstanbul

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Galataport İstanbul, Kılıçali Paşa, Meclis-i Mebusan Caddesi, Beyoğlu/İstanbul

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Once a busy industrial port, Galataport has been transformed into a modern waterfront destination. This urban regeneration project has reshaped the local landscape accelerating gentrification, altering natural coastal systems, and redefining public access to the Bosphorus. It reflects the ongoing tension between heritage preservation and urban commercialization.

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Hooghly River basin once shaped by thriving jute mill industries that sustained by regions fertile landscapes, now bears the remnants of a flourishing landscape economy. What was once a highly regenerative, freshwater-dependent system driven by abundant jute production is now in decline, struggling under the pressures of water pollution, industrial decay, and growing urban encroachment. Yet, within these decaying industrial and ecological remnants lies a potential for renewal, can these landscapes regenerate and evolve into new forms of landscape economies?

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Epirus, Greece [Mountainous Rural Area] // Fears: Isolation, Depopulation, Commodification of Nature // Hopes: Commons-Based Local Ecosystem of Initiatives

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Butembo – Commercial corridor transforming former farming land

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In the peri-urban zone between Butembo and Katwa, a former expanse of small farms and plantations is shifting into a linear commercial strip. What used to be coffee, banana and vegetable plots gradually give way to vehicle repair shops, informal markets, small malls, and gas stations. The infrastructural footprint, wider paved roads, electricity poles, signage, is reshaping the visual and functional identity of the landscape. Local farmers lose agrobiodiversity and face pressure to sell land, while new dwellings sprout on marginal plots. The economic logic of trade and services competes directly with the traditional rural livelihoods. Over time, water drainage, soil sealing, and local microclimates may shift as impervious surfaces expand. This corridor illustrates a landscape in transition: from rural production to urban-commercial corridor.

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Beni : Post-conflict reoccupation and land-use reconfiguration

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Around Beni, zones abandoned during conflict periods are now being reoccupied by returning populations. In these areas, forest patches, fallow fields, and spontaneous vegetation are giving way to new fields, homesteads, and informal paths. The landscape is in a flux: old forest boundaries, regrowth, and new land divisions exist side by side. Access to roads and services is uneven, so some areas densify, others remain remote. Watercourses are reinterpreted, sometimes diverted or encroached, affecting local hydrology. Residents negotiate competing claims between customary landholders, state authorities, and new settlers. This terrain shows the delicate balance between ecological recovery and renewed human settlement pressures

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Bukavu: Urban expansion up steep hills and landslide risk

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Bukavu’s growth pushes urban dwellings up the steep slopes above Lake Kivu, in areas formerly forested or used for small-scale farming. Many constructions are informal, built with limited adherence to slope stabilization or retention walls. The land is under continuous shear stress: heavy rain events trigger landslides, soil creep, and erosion. As buildings extend upward, drainage paths alter, increasing surface runoff. Infrastructure (roads, drains) often lags behind housing, leaving many vulnerable households exposed. The tension is evident: demand for housing, limited flat land, and natural hazards. This context makes visible the intersection between urban growth, geohazard risk, and socioenvironmental vulnerability

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Located in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo, Goma represents one of the most dynamic yet fragile urban landscapes in Central Africa. The city lies between two powerful natural systems: Lake Kivu, a deep meromictic lake rich in methane gas, and Mount Nyiragongo, one of the world’s most active volcanoes. This dual geography offers both opportunities and constant threats. The lake sustains fishing, energy extraction and local livelihoods, yet it also contains large volumes of dissolved gases that could trigger a limnic eruption under certain conditions. Meanwhile, the Nyiragongo volcano periodically reshapes the city with lava flows, as seen in 1977, 2002 and 2021, destroying infrastructures and redefining urban boundaries. Rapid population growth forces settlements onto unstable, porous lava soils, increasing exposure to both volcanic and hydrological hazards. Goma embodies a living laboratory for exploring heritage-based and resilient reconstruction in landscapes marked by overlapping natural risks. The challenge is to integrate cultural memory, risk mitigation, and spatial planning into a sustainable model that connects people, nature and reconstruction

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Bulacan Provincial Capitol View Park, Malolos, Bulacan

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Bulacan Provincial Capitol View Park, Malolos, Bulacan

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Bulacan Provincial Capitol View Park, Malolos, Bulacan

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Situated within the Bulacan Provincial Capitol complex, the Capitol View Park Plaza serves as a civic and cultural landscape that connects people, heritage, and governance. Increasing urban development in Malolos has introduced pressures such as traffic congestion, commercial encroachment, and reduced permeability of open spaces. Seasonal flooding and shifts in rainfall patterns, intensified by climate change, further test the plaza’s resilience and the long-term sustainability of its urban green systems.

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Bahnhof, Geislingen an der Steige, Geislingen an der Steige

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This everyday urban landscape represents a key mobility hub in Geislingen an der Steige, a city located in state of Baden-Wuerttemberg in south-west of Germany. The station area is influenced by the interaction of transport systems, local economy, and environment. The landscape also reflects social and spatial challenges of a small city adapting to new mobility transitions.

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Ng'alalya lies along the flood plains of Athi-river, Kenya. A place where the soil holds stories of abundance and struggle. The dry seasons paint it gold and the rain returns it to life and sometimes too fiercely. In recent years, floods have grown unpredictable and now these fields that were once a steady source of food, sit between resilience and uncertainty. Even in this fragility, Ng'alalya holds so much potential.

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Horsh Beirut is the city’s largest green space and one of its last remaining urban forests. Surrounded by dense development, it faces challenges like limited water resources, pollution, and restricted public access. I’m curious about how this park can adapt to climate change and serve as a sustainable, inclusive ecosystem for Beirut’s residents.

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Köprülü Kanyon Milli Parkı, Beşkonak, Manavgat/Antalya

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Köprülü Kanyon Milli Parkı, Beşkonak, Manavgat/Antalya

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Köprülü Kanyon Milli Parkı, Beşkonak, Manavgat/Antalya

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Köprülü Canyon National Park is located in the Manavgat district of Antalya and is a protected area.

The region offers a variety of recreational activities, including rafting, hiking, safari tours, and picnics.

These activities contribute to tourism, support local employment, and strengthen the sustainable landscape economy.

I chose this area because it is one of Antalya's most important recreational areas, with its natural beauty, rich ecosystem, and high visitor potential. The area hosts a variety of activities, including picnicking, camping, and rafting, which necessitates careful attention to the area's environmental sustainability. Therefore, our study aims to sustainably balance recreational use while preserving the area's natural values, preventing pollution, and contributing to the local economy.

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KÖPRÜLÜ KANYON MİLLİ PARKI BEŞKONAK ANTALYA (1)

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Sada Pathor, Bholaganj, Sylhet, Chowkidekhi Town Bus Terminal And Station, Airport Road

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Sadapathor, Sylhet – Living with Stone and River

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Sada Pathor, Bholaganj, Sylhet, Chowkidekhi Town Bus Terminal And Station, Airport Road

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Sada Pathor, Bholaganj, Sylhet, Chowkidekhi Town Bus Terminal And Station, Airport Road

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Sadapathor is a river landscape along the Sylhet–Meghalaya border, where people live from collecting and trading stones carried down by the hills. It’s a place of work, beauty, and struggle, solely shaped by rivers, climate, and demand from growing cities. The landscape tells a story of how livelihoods, environment, and economy constantly pull against each other, yet remain deeply connected.

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Kinshasa: Riverfront redevelopment, navigation and ecosystem stress

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The shores of the Congo River in Kinshasa serve as arteries of transport, trade, fishing, and urban life. In recent years, riverbanks are increasingly engineered: wharves, embankments, industrial quays, and reclaimed land push natural banks back. Traditional riverine habitats wetlands, floodplains, riverine vegetation shrink under urban expansion. The river’s navigability (about 1,700 km upstream from Kinshasa) is central to national transport networks. As infrastructure intensifies, pressures on water quality, fish stocks, and flood buffering grow. During heavy rains, rivers overflow, triggering floods in low-lying neighborhoods. The landscape here is contested between economic ambition (ports, commerce, real estate) and ecological functions (flood control, habitat, fisheries).

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Panari Hotel Nairobi, Mombasa Road, Nairobi

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[The Imaara Shopping Mall to Popo Road Section of] Mombasa Road, Nairobi, Kenya

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[The Imaara Shopping Mall to Popo Road Section of] Mombasa Road, Nairobi, Kenya

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This 5 km section of Mombasa Road is situated only 6 km away from one of Kenya's most important ports of entry—the capital's international airport (JKIA)—and is a major gateway from the seaport of Mombasa into the heart of Nairobi. The section is surrounded by mostly industrial and some commercial properties, with little attention given to any immediate-roadside infrastructure, and thus fallow strips of exposed ground exist between the tarmac and formal property boundaries. These strips have served as niches for urban wilderness, pedestrian and livestock passages, as well as plots for informal (notably decorative plant and pottery) sales activities over the years; but road/hardscape expansions in recent years are sharply reducing their accessibility for non-human species and their potential as urban climate regulators.

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Goma is a major city in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC).

The city plays a key economic and strategic role. Goma is a tourist destination because of its natural sites.

Goma is a unique landscape located between the powerful forces of nature and rapid urban growth. The city lies on the shores of Lake Kivu and at the foot of the active Nyiragongo volcano, creating a fragile balance between life, economy, and risk. Urbanisation, population growth, and volcanic eruptions constantly reshape its environment. Climate change also threatens the stability of the lake’s ecosystem. Yet, Goma remains a place of resilience and innovation, where people adapt creatively to live with nature’s power.

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les images de Goma République démocratique du congo

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Rapid development and land reclamation have significantly changed the landscape of Obando, Bulacan, increasing flooding and disrupting traditional agricultural and fishing livelihoods. Additionally, gentrification and increasing development pressure become a threat to local communities and the town's ecological and cultural identity.

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The landscape economy in Tegucigalpa is not a formally established concept, but can be understood as the urban and regional economy that benefits from its natural and geographic resources, including local agriculture (coffee, corn), mining, livestock, and forestry. Furthermore, the city's economy is driven by the service sector, urban manufacturing (footwear, food, furniture), and the growth of digital services.

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At a broader scale, the River Avon faces systemic pressures from England’s privatised water industry, where frequent storm overflows and agricultural runoff degrade water quality, damage ecosystems, and diminish the river’s recreational and visual value. Locally, in St George, increased road congestion and uneven outcomes from the East Bristol Liveable Neighbourhood (EBLN) scheme have intensified strain on green and blue infrastructure. Flooding along the riverside footpath further limits safe access and forces pedestrians onto busy, narrow roads, reducing the corridor’s potential as a safe and sustainable active-travel route.

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Antalya Kaleiçi is the historic core of the city where cultural heritage meets tourism and daily urban life. The area faces pressures from tourism, urbanisation, and climate change, making it a unique case to explore sustainable landscape strategies for preservation and adaptation.

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Boulevard World - بوليفارد وورلد, الحوي, Riyadh

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Boulevard World - بوليفارد وورلد, الحوي, Riyadh

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Boulevard World - بوليفارد وورلد, الحوي, Riyadh

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Boulevard World is a seasonal entertainment zone and a recreational complex in Riyadh that showcases diverse cultures from around the world.

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Ancient Traditional Gardens of Qazvin Bāghestān, Iran

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Landscapes and waterscapes features
The agricultural landscape in the Qazvin garden is the result of complex systems and interrelated activities that have been formed over time. The result of this entanglement has been the creation of an interconnected zone called the traditional garden of Qazvin: Bāghestān. Farmers in these areas have continued to work and live to this day with the proper use of local resources and institutions within the ecological constraints of their region. In such systems, ecological, social and agricultural sustainability are strongly interdependent. These elements in Bāghestān include plots, small lands with a variety of crops and nongeometric and organic planting systems, irrigation systems, structures and methods of water transfer, interactions. The whole system is a spectacular adaptation to the local context providing a wealth of ecosystem services that have made possible the development of Qazvin.

A significant number of Qazvin residents still own or work in Bāghestān gardens, earning between 30 and 100 percent of their income from the gardens. Bāghestān products such as grapes, pistachios, almonds and to a lesser extent dried apricots are still considered strategic and play an important role in the economic cycle of the city. Every year, part of the gardens’ produce is exported to foreign markets.

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Golfers walk in the background as Kenyans watch bulldozers demolish dozens of houses to make way for a new road in the Kibera slum in Nairobi. REUTERS/Baz Ratner Source link: https://www.reuters.com/news/picture/slums-demolished-for-new-kenyan-road-idUSRTX6CG6R/

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The rich man's road. Kibera slum, Nairobi, Kenya

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The rich man's road. Kibera slum, Nairobi, Kenya

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What happens when the poor stand in the way of development? What financial value can be placed on the lives of 30,000 people? In 2018, residents of one of the biggest slums in Africa, Kibera, had their lives turned upside down when with only two weeks prior notice, construction workers with bulldozers woke them up at the crack of dawn to demolish the homes, businesses and schools. The 20 million USD highway was termed 'the rich man's road' by the residents since most of them don't own cars. The project was initiated by the government and carried out without any prior plans of resettling the residents who were displaced by the demolitions. Is this a modern example of the animal farm?

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N2, Butembo, République démocratique du Congo

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Monuments historiques de butembo

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Bocaue, Bulacan is a peri-urban environment, where urban expansion intersects with remnants of rural landscapes. The development of concrete roads and residential structures alongside natural waterways shows the effects of urbanization, which can lead to pollution and reduced water quality in the creeks. Moreover, climate change and increasing rainfall intensity worsen the flooding and drainage issues in the area.

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Restoring the Mahabad River offers a valuable opportunity. By improving this natural resource, we can increase tourism, boost economic growth, raise community morale, and strengthen our city’s identity. Supporting this initiative is essential for creating a brighter future, and it deserves our full attention and backing.

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Tucked in the heart of Achrafieh, Saint Nicolas Park is a peaceful green escape where the city seems to pause for a moment. With its tall trees, shaded benches, and calm atmosphere, it offers a quiet breath of fresh air amid the buzz of Beirut. Overlooking the beautiful Saint Nicolas Greek Orthodox Cathedral, the park blends nature with history and tradition. Whether you're taking a morning walk, enjoying a book, or simply sitting in thought, the park gently invites you to slow down. It’s not just a public space — it’s a beloved part of the neighborhood’s soul.

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Saifi Park lies within a redeveloped district of Ashrafieh that has undergone major gentrification. The park reflects tensions between urban renewal, social exclusivity, and the need for inclusive public spaces in Beirut’s evolving urban landscape. I would like to further explore how the site was renovated and how it continues to manage the effects of past gentrification.

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Representing Beirut's rich history, Ain Al Mraiseh is one of the oldest neighborhoods in the city featuring a seaside promenade and many historical buildings. However the area faces extreme gentrification and the gradual privatization of it's waterfront. Important pieces of history like the fisherman's port are hidden between towers of concrete veiling pieces of cultural heritage even from locals.

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The region surrounding Al-Ula includes many prominent geological and archaeological sites in Saudi Arabia enduring since antiquity, including the first UNESCO recognition for Hegra. As the country embraces economic diversification beyond oil, authorities have imagined these sites as the focal point for new tourism infrastructure including transport and hospitality. While this will undoubtedly bring novel status to the area, it is valuable to question whether such investment challenges the spirit which made these historic sites worth preserving initially and the role of such places in a rapidly-constructed commercial tourism sector.

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Sanayeh Park faced impacts from urbanization and gentrification as it sits in one of Beirut’s densest areas, surrounded by traffic, rising property values, and construction. These pressures have reduced natural green space and increased air and noise pollution gradually. Climate change also has stressed the park’s vegetation, with hotter summers and water scarcity affecting plant health and maintenance.

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Exploring a Changing Coastal Landscape in North Iceland

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This coastal area near Hauganes is being considered for a land-based salmon farming project. The development could involve changes to the coastline, such as rock excavation and landfilling.

The landscape is part of a region known for tourism, whale watching, and small-scale fishing. It illustrates a meeting point between food production, local employment, and environmental values.

I am interested in exploring how aquaculture might contribute to regional food systems and economic growth while maintaining ecological balance and the visual and cultural qualities of the coastal landscape.

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Parc de la Villette, Avenue Jean Jaurès, Paris, France

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Parc de la Villette, Avenue Jean Jaurès, Paris, France

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Parc de la Villette, Avenue Jean Jaurès, Paris, France

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Parc de la Villette, formerly a vast area used for slaughterhouses, is now one of Paris's liveliest urban parks. It's a fusion of nature, culture, and daily life; it's where cycling, picnics, and concerts come together. This scene demonstrates how cities can transform industrial land into vibrant green spaces that adapt to urban life and climate change.

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Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Bangalore-A fast growing metropolitan in Karnataka, India. This place is known as Garden city of India, Pensioner's Paradise. This city has undergone a tremendous urbanization in past 2 decades. The journey of this city becoming an urban jungle from a garden city in no time is really questionable and also a wake up call to protect the city's Landscape. The city with numerous tanks and garden is going through the rough phrase of water scarcity, flooding and climatic changes.This transformation makes me curious to explore the various interdisciplinary factors that influence the city's landscape

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I chose the Beirut River because it’s one of those places in the city that feels forgotten but still full of potential. There’s already the Riverless Forest project that started planting native trees there, which I really like, but most of the river is still concrete and lifeless. I want to look at how it could become more connected to the city again, with spaces that work for both people and nature.

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Choueifat Lebanon, Chouaifet El Aamroussieh

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Choueifat Lebanon, Chouaifet El Aamroussieh

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Choueifat Lebanon, Chouaifet El Aamroussieh

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Choueifat was once popular for its terraced olive fields and fertile riverbanks. However, due to rapid urbanization and industrial expansion, Choueifat has radically changed since the mid-20th century. This transition caused loss of agricultural land, pollution of the Ghadir River, and the division of green spaces, replacing a self-sustaining ecosystem with dense housing and factories. These changes led to urban expansion, demographic pressures, and a decline of natural processes in Lebanon’s peri-urban regions.

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Bouri el-Barajneh in Beirut's southern suburbs is a hyper-dense urban landscape where social resilience coexists with ecological fragility. Originally a temporary refugee camp built in 1948, it now hosts over 58,000 residents. The area faces compounding systemic stresses: extreme building density and informal vertical expansion, aging infrastructure, and seasonal flooding risks linked to clogged drainage and the polluted Ghadir River corridor that affects nearby southern suburbs. I'll use a socio-ecological systems approach inspired by Doughnut Economics to explore how this landscape can stay within ecological ceilings (sanitation, water, heat) while meeting social foundations (safe housing, public space, dignity).

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venice represents one of the world’s most fragile urban systems — a historic city built on water now facing the severe impacts of climate change and over-urbanisation. Frequent flooding, rising sea levels, and mass tourism are threatening its cultural and architectural heritage. The city’s struggle between preservation and adaptation illustrates the urgent need for sustainable urban strategies in climate-sensitive landscapes

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Depopulation of the city center, with residents being pushed toward peripheral areas due to rising housing costs in the center caused by economic dynamics and the high concentration of vehicles

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A rapidly urbanizing peri-urban city where residential expansion and commercial development encroach on agricultural and green spaces. The landscape experiences flooding during heavy rains due to insufficient drainage and loss of natural waterways. I’m curious about exploring sustainable urban planning strategies that balance community needs, green infrastructure, and flood resilience.

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Mooca Industrial Zone - São Paulo, Brazil

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Mooca Industrial Zone - São Paulo, Brazil

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The selected study area is the Mooca Industrial Zone, located between Avenida Presidente Wilson and Rua Dianápolis, in São Paulo’s eastern sector. Historically, this district played a major role in the city’s industrial development, fueled by the presence of an internal railway branch connected to the former São Paulo Railway. This infrastructure once supplied numerous warehouses and factories, particularly during the industrial peak of the early 20th century, when the Mooca neighborhood thrived as a working-class hub led largely by Italian immigrant communities. A wide range of manufacturing and storage activities occupied the area—most prominently in the textile sector—supported by a drainage network leading toward the recently canalized Tamanduateí River.

Today, the landscape of Mooca’s industrial zone reflects a profound economic and spatial transformation. Productive industries have largely disappeared, leaving behind a mixture of vacant warehouses and logistics facilities awaiting real estate redevelopment. The former railway spurs, now inoperative but still visible, stand as traces of the city’s industrial memory.

The neighborhood experiences limited social vitality, with streets animated only during working hours, and by night, the absence of residents and the dominance of long, uninterrupted warehouse blocks create a sense of emptiness and insecurity.

Strategically positioned near the ABC industrial belt, Mooca mirrors the wider regional trend of industrial displacement toward Brazil’s interior. Yet, this zone remains an untouched urban pearl, with low-rise warehouses and a cohesive industrial morphology offering strong potential for regeneration. Mooca’s urban morphology, economic transitions, and regeneration potential through the lens of Urban Metabolism. The area offers an ideal framework to explore intersections between energy, housing, production, logistics, green-blue infrastructures, and mobility—seeking to envision a renewed productive landscape that embraces circular economy principles rather than succumbing to purely residential redevelopment pressures.

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The Boğaçay Basin is located in the western part of Antalya, Turkey. It covers an area that includes rivers such as Doyran, Karaman, and Çandır, which join to form the Boğaçay River. The basin flows south toward the Mediterranean Sea. It has fertile soils, alluvial plains, and limestone formations. The region is important for agriculture, groundwater recharge, and urban development, but faces challenges like erosion, salinization, and water reduction.

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The Weinerlebnisweg is more than just a wine trail; it’s a perfect example of how landscape, culture, and economy can work together. The terraced vineyards are not only beautiful but also an active part of the local economy. They produce wine, attract visitors, and keep traditional farming alive.

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The San Sebastián Bridge is one of the most emblematic colonial structures in the historic city of Ayacucho. Built of stone and mortar, its arched design reflects the engineering traditions of the colonial period and illustrates how infrastructure connected different sectors of the city. As part of Ayacucho’s cultural landscape, the bridge stands as a testimony to the urban, social, and economic evolution of Huamanga over more than four centuries.

Throughout time, this structure has faced increasing challenges. Urban expansion, material deterioration, and the lack of consistent heritage management have led to visible signs of decay. Reports and academic studies mention episodes of physical damage during public works and the accumulation of waste under the structure, illustrating the tensions between heritage conservation and urban modernization.

Despite these issues, the San Sebastián Bridge remains a vital element of the collective memory of Ayacucho’s citizens. Revaluing this landscape means more than restoring a physical structure—it involves recognizing its symbolic meaning as a link between past and present. Promoting public awareness, developing sustainable conservation strategies, and integrating the bridge into educational and cultural initiatives can transform it into a living example of how historical infrastructure can contribute to the sustainable development of contemporary cities.

Choosing this bridge as a case study allows us to explore systemic interactions between cultural identity, urban change, and environmental management. It exemplifies how local heritage can become a dynamic component of the urban ecosystem, reminding us that preserving history is also a way of designing the future.

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Basai Wetland, Sector 101, Gurugram, Haryana, India

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Basai Wetland, Sector 101, Gurugram, Haryana, India

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Basai Wetland, Sector 101, Gurugram, Haryana, India

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The wetlands of Gurugram are primarily associated with the Basai Wetland, a shallow wetland recognised as an Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA) for its significance to a diverse range of bird species, including migratory and endangered ones. While historically large, its area has been reduced by urbanisation, posing a threat to its ecosystem despite its ecological value for groundwater recharge and flood mitigation. Efforts are underway to restore the area and protect it from encroaching development and invasive plants.

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Łazienki Królewskie, Agrykola, Varşova, Polonya

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Łazienki Królewskie, Agrykola, Varşova, Polonya

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Łazienki Królewskie, Agrykola, Varşova, Polonya