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English Language Proficiency Standards - these are important to include in the language objectives when lesson planning and for determining which language domains are begin addressed with the lesson.

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Proficiency Level Descriptors - these are important to refer to when monitoring the progress of the English learners. They also serve as reminders of what students can do at each level of proficiency within each domain of language.

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Teaching method that focuses on meaningful communication and connections. Provides grammar instruction within the lesson and the method.

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Teaching method in which instruction integrates the arts and is in a low-stakes environment. I really like this teaching method and would love to find ways to integrate it into my future classroom.

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A rating scale to evaluate a student's oral development.

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Things that I should do as a teacher to help my students' aural input. EX: activities that allow students to speak, open-ended questions, adjust the way I talk, and avoid idioms.

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Simple ways to include reading and writing can include library trips to explore new books and daily free writes to allow stress free writing practice.

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I need to provide explicit instruction on the literary elements to help with reading and writing.

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When teaching academic vocabulary, it needs to be direct so that students understand what it means in the context.

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Knowing when to introduce certain vocabulary as to not overwhelm and confuse the students is vital when teaching academic language.

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Different ways I can scaffold math include cultural connections, modeling, manipulatives, and more.

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There are lots of different steps to take to prepare students to solve problems that won't overwhelm or confuse them.

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When teaching science, I need to remember that all 4 language skills are being used.

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There are so many different misconceptions when it comes to science, and I need to ensure that I debunk them to help students understand.

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Language objectives should build off of content objectives, with how I expect students to develop in their language.

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Language objectives contain ELPS along with the TEKS to make them effective.

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Some topics may be more difficult, especially in social studies, for EBs to learn and grasp.

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Visuals can be super beneficial with EBs when it comes to learning social studies, such as photos, maps, videos, etc.

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Formative assessments are to help the teacher understand where students stand and to guide instruction.

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These are the different ways formative assessments can be used in learning.

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When students use media tools to tell stories. It allows them to extend their communication and interaction.

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Technology is often used for testing now and can be super helpful in the classroom in many ways.

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Equal protection under the law to all people.

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Ruled that "separate but equal" was unconstitutional.

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"sink or swim" programs where EBs were placed in an English-only class and received little to no support

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When EBs are pulled out of regular class for supplemental instruction

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EBs can not acquire language when there is an affective filter so we need to work to minimize the filter to allow them to learn.

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We learn language when we obtain comprehensible input. But in order to further the acquisition, the input needs to be slightly elevated than what is comprehensible.

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There are 3 systems when it comes to language: phonology, semantics, and discourse

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The fact that there are relationships between letters and the sounds they make.