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Bataan Death March Marker KM 100, Angeles, Pampanga, Philippines

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Date: April 9 – April 17, 1942

Description: After the U.S. and Filipino troops surrendered to Japan in the Philippines, about 75,000 prisoners were forced to march 65 miles in brutal conditions.

Outcome: Thousands died from starvation, disease, and abuse during the march.

Significance: It showed Japan’s brutal treatment of prisoners and fueled American anger, strengthening U.S. resolve to fight and win the war in the Pacific.

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Date: May 4–8, 1942

Description: A naval battle between the U.S. and Japan near Australia, fought mostly by aircraft launched from carriers.

Outcome: Tactically a draw, but a strategic U.S. victory because Japan’s plan to invade Port Moresby was stopped.

Significance: It was the first battle where ships never saw each other and was the first time Japan’s advance was halted in the Pacific.

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Battle of Midway National Memorial, Midwayinseln, United States Minor Outlying Islands

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Date: June 4–7, 1942

Description: A major naval battle in the Pacific Theater during World War II. The U.S. Navy ambushed and defeated a larger Japanese fleet near Midway Atoll.

Outcome: The U.S. sank four Japanese aircraft carriers and lost one. It was a decisive American victory.

Significance: It marked a turning point in the Pacific War. Japan's expansion stopped, and the U.S. began taking the offensive.

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Date: August 7, 1942 – February 9, 1943

Description: The first major U.S. offensive in the Pacific, where American troops fought to take the island of Guadalcanal from Japan.

Outcome: The U.S. won after months of intense land, sea, and air battles.

Significance: It stopped Japanese expansion and gave the U.S. momentum in the Pacific, marking a shift to offensive operations.

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Date: October 23 – October 26, 1944

Description: A massive naval battle near the Philippines where U.S. and Allied forces fought to take back the islands from Japan.

Outcome: The U.S. won and destroyed much of Japan’s navy, including aircraft carriers and battleships.

Significance: It was the largest naval battle in history and crippled Japan’s ability to fight at sea, helping the Allies retake the Philippines.

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Operation Torch American Landing, Casablanca, Morocco

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Date: November 8–16, 1942

Description: An Allied invasion of French North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia) to gain control of the region and open a second front against Axis powers in Europe.

Outcome: The Allies successfully captured key ports and began pushing German and Italian forces out of North Africa.

Significance: It marked the first major Allied offensive in the European Theater, led to the defeat of Axis forces in North Africa, and set the stage for the invasion of Italy.

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Date: September 3, 1939 – May 8, 1945

Description: A long naval conflict between the Allies and Germany, fought primarily over control of the Atlantic sea routes for trade and military supplies.

Outcome: The Allies eventually secured control of the Atlantic, using convoy systems and air support to overcome German U-boats and surface ships.

Significance: It was crucial for the success of the Allied war effort, ensuring vital supplies reached Britain and later the U.S. and Canada, while preventing Germany from cutting off these routes.

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Anzio, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Italy

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Date: January 22 – June 5, 1944

Description: An Allied amphibious landing near Anzio, Italy, aimed at bypassing German defenses and capturing Rome.

Outcome: After months of heavy fighting and stalemate, the Allies broke through and captured Rome.

Significance: It tied down German forces, helped the Allies advance in Italy, and showed the brutal cost of the Italian Campaign.

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Date: June 6, 1944

Description: Allied forces launched a massive beach invasion in Normandy, France, to begin liberating Western Europe from Nazi control.

Outcome: The Allies secured the beaches and began pushing German forces out of France.

Significance: It marked the turning point in Western Europe, opening a second front against Germany and leading to the eventual Allied victory in Europe.

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Battle Of The Bulge Memorial, Rue de Cielle, La Roche-en-Ardenne, Belgium

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Date: December 16, 1944 – January 25, 1945

Description: Germany’s last major offensive in Western Europe, launched through the Ardennes Forest to split Allied forces.

Outcome: The Allies held the line and pushed the Germans back, ending the Nazi counterattack.

Significance: It was the largest and bloodiest U.S. battle of WWII. It weakened Germany’s army and sped up the end of the war in Europe.

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Iwo Jima, Iōjima, Ogasawara, Tokyo, Japan

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Date: February 19 – March 26, 1945

Description: A brutal battle where U.S. Marines invaded the Japanese island of Iwo Jima to capture it from the Japanese Imperial Army.

Outcome: The U.S. captured the island after intense fighting. Nearly all Japanese defenders were killed; thousands of U.S. soldiers also died.

Significance: It gave the U.S. a strategic base close to Japan for launching air attacks and emergency landings. It showed how fierce Japanese resistance could be.

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Okinawa Prefectural Peace Memorial Museum, 614-1 Mabuni, Itoman, Okinawa, Japan

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Date: April 1 – June 22, 1945

Description: The largest and bloodiest battle in the Pacific. U.S. forces invaded the island of Okinawa to get closer to Japan.

Outcome: The U.S. won after fierce fighting. Over 12,000 American and around 100,000 Japanese soldiers died, along with many civilians.

Significance: It showed how deadly an invasion of Japan would be, influencing the U.S. decision to use atomic bombs to end the war.