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1:30-4:30

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The Red Summer of 1919: Crash Course Black American History #25

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single deadliest incident occurred in and around Elaine

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single deadliest incident occurred in and around Elaine

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30 and Oct. 1, after a white law officer was killed in a shootout outside a Black sharecropper gathering. Gov. Charles Brough ordered 500 Army soldiers from nearby Camp Pike to march on Elaine and put down what was labeled an “insurrection” among the Black sharecroppers. Estimates vary as to how many African Americans were killed, but upwards of 200 are believed to have lost their lives.

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Rioting erupted on July 27 when a Black teenager drowned after being hit with stones when he and friends drifted near a de facto whites only beach. Violent rioting across Chicago’s South and West sides and into the downtown lasted days. Eventually the state militia was deployed to restore order. the final Chicago casualty count listed 38 fatalities 23 Black, 15 White, 537 injured and upwards of 1,000 Black families made homeless by the burning and rampant destruction

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they banded together to fight back, arming themselves with bats, clubs, pistols and knives. Soon, Black mobs were attacking white passersby just as indiscriminately as Whites did to Blacks. In nearby Norfolk, Va., a parade celebrating the return of a unit of African American troops from Europe turned into a bloody melee and two Black servicemen were killed.

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Most violent incidents during the Red Summer

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Most violent incidents during the Red Summer

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Ordinary white civilians and veterans, unaffiliated with the Ku Klux Klan or any other racist organization, formed most of the mobs. Many of the dozens of incidents that occurred over the course of the year were made far worse because local, state and federal officials hesitated in taking action or turned a blind eye to the violence. Racial violence broke out in some of the nation’s most populous cities.

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Scabs were people that worked when the others would go on strike. Black laborers already suffered from a negative reputation in the White working community for their use as low wage-earning strike breakers, or “scabs,” who would keep factories in operation while the employees went on strike.

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World War 1 intensified the Great Migration, the mass emigration of African Americans from the rural South to the industrial North and Midwest in hopes of escaping the poverty and discrimination of Jim Crow laws. summer of 1919, approximately 500,000 African Americans had resettled in northern cities

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After the first world war, American servicemen came home to find a new type of violent conflict waiting for them at home. An outbreak of racial violence known as the “Red Summer” an outbreak of racial that affected at least 26 cities across the United States.