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In conclusion, the Wars of the Roses were a significant series of civil wars in British history, which brought about the beginning of the Tudor Dynasty. Throughout the long bloody wars, it was intriguing and appealing to observe love and betrayal in the wars; also, wise moves, momentous decisions, and clever plans of the wars may make a lasting impression on many people. Moreover, it goes without saying that there were many important historical figures in the wars who fought bravely and brilliantly. It was the political power that blinded people’s eyes and led to the wars. The smell of blood and thousands of lost lives are, perhaps still remembered by people these days.

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After King Edward IV had left, there was a battle that marked the ascension of a new king to the throne. On 22nd August 1485, Henry Tudor (the House of Lancaster) lead an army of about 5000 men to confront the Yorkists’ army, and he successfully gained victory. In fact, after King Richard III was killed, Henry Tudor was crowned right on the battlefield and became King Henry VII of England. This victory was contributed by Thomas Stanley, who chose to switch side to the House of Lancaster. It is important to note that this man was Henry’s stepfather, and he finally supported Henry when knowing that Henry was in danger. This showed the wise and flexibility of Thomas Stanley; had he not decided to betray Richard, he would not have been truly a stepfather of the new King of England. Henry Tudor then married Elizabeth of York on 18 January 1486 as a political arrangement to unite the House of Lancaster and the House of York, forming Tudor Dynasty. From these events, it can be said that Henry VII had the ability to become a king although he had a turbulent life and had yet led an army. In fact, it was his mother, Margaret Beaufort who supported him and promoted him to the throne. The final move of the House of York was in the Battle of Stoke Field on 16 June 1487. It was in this battle that almost all of the Yorkist commanders were killed. This put an end to the Wars of the Roses, and the Tudor Dynasty continued to thrive until 1603.

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When talking about history, people tend to think of some historical events, namely bloody wars or dark periods. However, history is more than that. In fact, it not only brings back the glorious and important moments in the past but also reminds young generation of gratitude and appreciation. Therefore, history is undoubtfully a good topic to write about. Moreover, British history, which is rich and long, should be emphasized; particularly, the Wars of the Roses is one of the most noticeable events in the country's history.

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However, not long after tasting victories, the House of Lancaster went through failures in the Battle of Towton and the Battle of Barnet. The former one was said to be the largest and bloodiest battle in England. On 29th March 1461, two large armies fight fiercely, and many soldiers lay down on the battlefield, approximately 28000 people. Moreover, it was not until the Lancastrians’ army fell down that the battle ended. This showed the great power of the Yorkists’ army as well as the effective leadership of King Edward IV of England. The house of York then successfully achieved another victory in the Battle of Barnet on 14th April 1471. One major event in this battle was that the Earl of Warwick, who was used to fight for the House of York, was killed by no one but the Yorkists’ army. This was extremely reasonable due to the fact that Warwick turned his back on King Edward IV. Although the next battle was not large scale or had many casualties like the Battle of Towton, it was one of the most decisive fights in the Wars of the Roses. On 4th May 1471, King Edward IV together with an army of 5000 Yorkists encounter the Lancastrians at Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire. Despite the disadvantages regarding force and terrain, Edward managed to lead the army to defeat the enemy. Notably, it was shortly afterwards that King Henry VI was executed, and his wife Margaret of Anjou was also imprisoned. This battle was, perhaps, one of the most glorious ones of the House of York throughout the Wars of the Roses because Margaret of Anjou was finally defeated. Not only that, the victory also create a peaceful England with the stability of politic.

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Following the victories, in the Battle of Northampton on 10th July 1460, the Yorkist continued to defeat the Lancastrian. One special event was that King Henry VI was captured. In fact, this battle seemed to be easy for the House of York because there was an immediately surrender of the defenders of the House of Lancaster. However, it was in the Battle of Wakefield on 30th December 1460 that the Yorkists were bitter defeated by the Lancastrians. On top of that, Richard of York, who sparked the war, was killed in the battle. In the Wars of the Roses, there was one fight that showed Margaret of Anjou’s strong leadership. On 17th February 1461, the battle, which was called the Second Battle of St Albans, took place in St Albans, Hertfordshire. In fact, it was the Margaret’s strategy that help the Lancastrians won the battle. When knowing the structure of the Yorkists’ defences, Margaret formulated a clever plan, which surprised the Earl of Warwick (House of Yorkist). Moreover, King Henry VI was rescued in the battle.

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Next, it is important to note that the Wars of the Roses included several wars, and the first one was the First Battle of St Albans. Being excluded from the court, Richard of York together with Richard Neville built armies and marched south to confront King Henry VI. The event took place on 22nd May, 1455 at St Albans, Hertfordshire, and it marked the beginning of the Wars of the Roses. In the battle, the Yorkists not only had more people than the Lancastrians but also had a better strategy. In fact, the Lancastrians were surprised and could not fight against the force of the Earl of Warwick (Richard Neville) because they were attacked from behind. This battle was just the start of bloody series of wars; however, Yorkist’s victory showed that they had a more organized and stronger army than that of the House of Lancaster. Also, the leader’s role was crucial as he planned and found an effective way to defeat the opponents. The next battle of the Wars of the Roses was the Battle of Blore Heath. On the morning of 23rd September 1459, James Tuchet of the House of Lancaster led a force of 10000 men to intercept the marching south-army of the Earl of Salisbury. In fact, because Earl of Salisbury's army was on the way to join forces with Duke of York, there were just 5000 men. However, with a brain of a strategist, Salisbury pretended to retreat and successfully tricked the opponents. Not only that, following his order to turn back to catch the Lancastrians, the army had changed the complexion of the battle in favor of Salisbury. The battle was so intense that both sides suffered heavy casualties, and the most important factor contributing to the Yorkists’ victory was the death of Lord Dudley (James Tuchet). This battle once again showed how strong and organized the Yorkists’ army was. In spite of the lack of force, Salisbury still had sleights to encounter the House of Lancaster, which was definitely worth praising.

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To begin with, there are some reasons which contribute to the outbreak of the wars. In the past, many people used to blame King Henry VI for being weak, timid, and they believed that his unstable mental and weakness were the main reason for the conflicts between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. The king’s weakness not only led to the loss of the English lands in France but also weakened the House of Lancaster. One noticeable event was that he married a French princess, Margaret of Anjou as part of a truce in the Hundred Years’ War. This woman was completely different from the king because she was strong willed and ambitious. In fact, she even stood behind and controlled many things in the monarchy. This show that she was also an important historical figure who caused the Wars of the Roses. Moreover, Richard of York, or Richard Plantagenet was another historical figure who sparked the wars. It is said that the major cause of the wars was the conflict between this man and Henry’s wife and Henry’s court. However, the conflicts were just the surface of the problems because Richard of York was filled with ambitious and wanted to dethrone King Henry VI himself. Perhaps, the King in that period was truly weak and was not able to lead the country, so the region needed a strong king to improve the time of hardships. Nevertheless, people can find an interesting viewpoint of William Shakespeare in the Henry VI trilogy. He was portrayed as a pious and peaceful man who was not suitable for the crown. Moreover, he liked contemplating Bible and even wished to be not a king. These show that Henry VI was just like a puppet in the hands of his wife and Richard of York, who craved for the crown.