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Image of Europeans and slaves with tons of ivory

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Ivory comes from the tusk of an elephant. Most supplies of ivory came from Africa since that is where elephants are native. Most ivory was wanted for its beauty but also for the use of piano keys. billiard balls, knife handles, and ornamental carvings. The Europeans really wanted ivory and started to try and set up trading posts there for the acquisition of ivory and slaves. This failed but the name stuck which is what The Ivory Coast has its name.

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Image of workers working with palm oil. 

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Palm oil was used to lubricate the machinery in European factories. This in turn caused a high demand for palm order which originated in West Africa. Palm oil became an important cash crops in West Africa- prisoners of war often helped with the crops.The Europeans established palm oil plantations in Malaya and the Dutch East Indies in order to control the flow and production of oil for their colonies.

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Image of rubber being produced in a factory. 

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Rubber is made from the latex sap of trees or vines; often used for tires, hoses, gaskets, waterproof clothing, shoe soles, etc. The rubber used to come from the Amazon rainforest of South America and from vines in Central Africa but as soon as they were able to meet the demand "rubber barons' killed or mutilated the workers. Soon the British India Office found rubber tree seeds in Brazil which led to the destruction of thousands of acres of forest in order to make room for rubber plantations.

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The bulk of diamonds came from the De Beer Company. The De Beer Company had the largest stake in goldfields which were founded in South Africa Witwatersrand. The mineral diamonds were significant raw materials for export. Diamonds were highly valued and mainly used for jewelry, but also for industrial use. The mining of these minerals led to the displacement of local communities and the exploitation of their labor. European powers took over smaller communities and used their people for cheap/free labor to mine for diamonds to be used to make a profit. This led to the colonization of many places around the world as imperialized nations sought to export the resources out of their colonies for their industries and support their economies.

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Guano is a bat or seabird excrement that is found to be an excellent natural fertilizer. During the 19th century, millions of tons were dug up and put on ships to be exported throughout the world to keep up with the demand of cash crops.

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Cash crops were substances sold for profit rather than consumption by the people who farmed them. Imperialists used their control to get substance farmers to abandon their traditional ways of farming in exchange for growing cash crops for them. The farmers sold these crops rather than eating them. Cash crops began being produced and replaced food crops which raised the prices of crops.

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The telegraph was introduced in 1832 which transformed communications all around the world. This invention allowed words/news to travel within minutes instead of taking days, weeks, months, or even years to travel by mail or by horseback. This allows communication between British territories to move faster.

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Steamships were modes of transportation that could carry people, mail, and goods along rivers. These vessels required large amounts of coal so it was only practical for short-distance travel. Steamships needed large amounts of coal so the Europeans needed to find a way to get this raw material. They found coal in the smaller native cultures and shipped millions of pounds of this material to operate their machines.

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Technology and Agriculture- Cecil Rhodes

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Technology and Agriculture- Cecil Rhodes

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Cecil Rhodes was the founder of De Beers Diamonds and was a very important investor in the railroad project to stretch from Cape Town, South Africa all the way to Cairo, Egypt. This was an important project to imperialism because once these railroads were built it would help in governing their colonies as well as assisting in war transportation, if needed. This was also a form of imperialism because the workers who were constructing the railroads were native African people who were paid much lower wages than the European workers. Cecil Rhodes was taking their lands as well as trying to short them on their labor wages

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The purpose of railroads was to allow travel to the interior of a colony. Railroads were a positive example of imperialism because it was a means of cheaper travel in order to obtain labor and materials from subject lands. Railroads lowered the cost of transportation of raw materials as well as opened up colonial markets for manufactured goods.

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Britain banned Indian cotton in 1721 since they competed with the native wool industry. British colonies provided raw materials while England would manufacture textiles. Britain got 80% of the cotton from the US. The civil war cut off the supply of cotton so as a result many countries all around the world replaced food production with cotton production. Egypt took the most advantage here and by the end of the 19th century 93% of Egypt's revenue came from cotton. Raw cotton came from Egypt and India so Britain could produce textiles and sell them for a profit.