# data[].attributes.headline
How to Talk to Your Teen About Dating Violence 

# data[].attributes.subject
How to Talk to Your Teen About Dating Violence 

# data[].attributes.body
Click Here: teendvmonth.org

# data[].attributes.body
Click Here: Child Mind Institute

# data[].attributes.headline
What is a Finsta and Why are Teens Creating Them

# data[].attributes.subject
What is a Finsta and Why are Teens Creating Them

# data[].attributes.body
Click Here: Parents.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Get Your Kids Talking With These 105 Conversation Starters

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Talking to children deepens your bond and develops their communication skills. Inspire some back-and-forth with these conversation starters for kids of all ages.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
9 Types of Toxic Family Dynamics and How to Identify Each One

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Toxic family dynamics can cause conflict and chaos at home, making kids feel less safe and loved. Here’s how to identity 9 different types of toxic family dynamics, plus advice on how to heal.

# data[].attributes.headline
Why Avoidance Magnifies Stress and Anxiety

# data[].attributes.subject
Why Avoidance Magnifies Stress and Anxiety

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Very Well Mind

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Very Well Health

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Rejection is not enjoyable for anyone. But for people with a condition called rejection sensitive dysphoria (RSD), getting turned down, criticized, or rebuffed can trigger an overwhelming emotional response.

RSD is characterized by extreme emotional sensitivity to being criticized or rejected, whether real or perceived rejection. While researchers are still unsure of the cause, it seems that people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be more susceptible to RSD.

In this article, the symptoms, treatment, and the link between RSD and ADHD will be explored.

The Link Between RSD and ADHD

While the diagnostic criteria for ADHD do not currently include problems with emotional regulation, people with ADHD may experience these issues.

Although RSD can impact any individual, RSD cases seem to be more common in people with ADHD. The nervous system in many people with ADHD immediately responds to a sense of rejection, whether real or perceived.

In a 2019 study, children aged 10-15 years with ADHD presented high levels of sensitivity when they received feedback as part of a virtual game. Youths with elevated ADHD symptoms exhibited higher sensitivity to peer rejection.

Researchers have noted that difficulty regulating emotions may explain the problems that some children with ADHD experience when socializing. They found that hyperactivity was associated with reacting aggressively to rejection in affected children.

Other studies also report that peer rejection and victimization frequently occur among children with ADHD and may worsen the symptoms of RSD.

Rejection is hard to measure, and some experts may not acknowledge RSD. They may also disregard or misdiagnose it because it can present similarly to other conditions, such as depression, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, and social anxiety.

Symptoms of RSD

The symptoms of RSD can vary among individuals, but they may include:

Obsessively thinking about negative experiences, especially experiences of perceived or actual rejection

Perceiving rejection when it is not actually occurring

Viewing minor rejections as catastrophic

Misreading constructive criticism, or requests for more information as rejection

A sense that you're not liked by others

Low self-esteem based on how you feel others relate to you

Social withdrawal

Negative self-talk

Emotional outbursts

Perfectionism or people-pleasing tendencies

Although symptoms of RSD can mimic other conditions, one distinguishing factor is that symptoms of RSD tend to come on suddenly and can feel very intense.

Treatment of RSD

RSD can't be cured, but since it may be caused or worsened by ADHD, most healthcare providers will want to treat ADHD first. ADHD is often treated with medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes, which may also help those with RSD.

There are no FDA-approved medications for RSD, but some may be prescribed off-label or for other conditions. Two types of medicine that appear to help with symptoms of RSD include:

Intuniv (guanfacine) and Kapvay (clonidine), drugs that lower blood pressure, and also show promise helping with RSD symptoms.

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors like Parnate (tranylcypromine) treat the inattention, impulsive behaviors, and emotional symptoms of ADHD.

Therapy can help manage symptoms of ADHD. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a type of talk therapy that teaches coping techniques, is often recommended for RSD. In CBT you'll learn how to handle stressful situations, resolve relationship conflicts, and improve communication.

Practicing self-care and adopting relaxation and stress-relief techniques can help you manage feelings of discomfort from RSD. Telling friends and family about RSD can help them be more understanding when you have an emotional reaction to something they say or do.

Many people with ADHD experience RSD-an intense emotional reaction to being rejected or criticized. While RSD is not always clinically recognized, it's very real for the person experiencing it.

There's still a lot we don't know about RSD, so more research is needed in this area.

Helpful ways to manage RSD may include medication, cognitive behavior therapy, and stress-relief strategies.

A Word From Verywell

If RSD is affecting your life, know that while there is no cure, treatment may help you manage your symptoms. Speak to your healthcare provider about medications you can try and consider a course of CBT. Talk to friends and family about RSD so they can better understand your emotional reactions to situations where you feel rejected and work with you, so you feel more supported.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does RSD only occur in people with ADHD?

As well as ADHD, RSD also has a connection to autism spectrum disorders (ASD). People with ASD often have trouble reading social cues and difficulty recognizing and expressing emotions. Combined with heightened sensory reactions, this can add up to extreme hypersensitivity to criticism.

A review of 75 studies suggests there may be moderate links between RSD and other mental health conditions, such as depression and bipolar disorder.

There isn't a cure for RSD, but medication and talk therapy can be useful in learning to manage your emotional responses and other symptoms.

Everyone's RSD triggers are different, but they may include:

Being rejected or thinking you're being rejected, like not getting a response to a text message or email

A sense of falling short or failing to meet your own high standards or others' expectations

Being criticized for something you can't control

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
What Is the Link Between Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria and ADHD?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Rejection is not enjoyable for anyone. But for people with a condition called rejection sensitive dysphoria (RSD), getting turned down, criticized, or rebuffed can trigger an overwhelming emotional response. RSD is characterized by extreme emotional sensitivity to being criticized or rejected, whether real or perceived rejection.

# data[].attributes.headline
IEP vs 504 Plan - What's the Difference?

# data[].attributes.subject
IEP vs 504 Plan - What's the Difference?

# data[].attributes.body
Click Here: Understood.org

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: 4 Types of Parenting Styles and How Kids are Affected

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Your parenting style can affect everything from your child's self-esteem and physical health to how they relate to others. It's important to ensure your parenting style is supporting healthy growth and development because the way you interact with your child and how you discipline them will influence them for the rest of their life. Researchers have identified four main types of parenting styles:

Each style takes a different approach to raising children, offers different pros and cons, and can be identified by a number of different characteristics. People often want to know which parenting style they are using-and which is the best. The truth is that there is no one right way to parent, but the general parenting style that most experts, including the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), recommend is an authoritative approach.

Learn more about the four major parenting styles, why they matter, and how to tell which one you parent with-and how and when to adapt your approach, if needed.

Authoritarian Parenting

Do any of these statements sound like you?

You believe kids should be seen and not heard.

When it comes to rules, you believe it's "my way or the highway."

You don't take your child's feelings into consideration.

If any of those ring true, you might be an authoritarian parent. Authoritarian parents believe kids should follow the rules without exception.

Authoritarian parents are famous for saying, "Because I said so," when a child questions the reasons behind a rule. They are not interested in negotiating and their focus is on obedience. They also don't allow kids to get involved in problem-solving challenges or obstacles. Instead, they make the rules and enforce the consequences with little regard for a child's opinion.

Authoritarian parents may use punishments instead of discipline. So, rather than teach a child how to make better choices, they're invested in making kids feel sorry for their mistakes. Children who grow up with strict authoritarian parents tend to follow rules much of the time. But, their obedience comes at a price.

They may also become hostile or aggressive. Rather than think about how to do things better in the future, they often focus on the anger they feel toward their parents or themselves for not living up to parental expectations. Since authoritarian parents are often strict, their children may grow to become good liars in an effort to avoid punishment.

Authoritative Parenting

Do any of these statements sound like you?

You put a lot of effort into creating and maintaining a positive relationship with your child.

You explain the reasons behind your rules.

You set limits, enforce rules, and give consequences, but take your child's feelings into consideration.

If those statements sound familiar, you may be an authoritative parent. Authoritative parents have rules and they use consequences, but they also take their children's opinions into account. They validate their children's feelings, while also making it clear that the adults are ultimately in charge. This is the approach backed by research and experts as the most developmentally healthy and effective parenting style.

Authoritative parents invest time and energy into preventing behavior problems before they start. They also use positive discipline strategies to reinforce positive behavior, like praise and reward systems.

Children raised with authoritative discipline tend to be happy and successful. They're also more likely to be good at making sound decisions and evaluating safety risks on their own.

Permissive Parenting

Do any of these statements sound like you?

You set rules but rarely enforce them.

You don't give out consequences very often.

You think your child will learn best with little interference from you.

If those statements sound familiar, you might be a permissive parent. Permissive parents are lenient. They often only step in when there's a serious problem.

They're quite forgiving and they adopt an attitude of "kids will be kids." When they do use consequences, they may not make those consequences stick. They might give privileges back if a child begs or they may allow a child to get out of time-out early if they promise to be good.

Permissive parents usually take on more of a friend role than a parent role. They often encourage their children to talk with them about their problems, but they usually don't put much effort into discouraging poor choices or bad behavior.

They may exhibit more behavioral problems as they don't appreciate authority and rules. They often have low self-esteem and may report a lot of sadness.

They're also at a higher risk for health problems, like obesity, because permissive parents struggle to limit unhealthy food intake or promote regular exercise or healthy sleep habits. They are even more likely to have dental cavities because permissive parents often don't enforce good habits, like ensuring a child brushes their teeth.

Uninvolved Parenting

Do any of these statements sound familiar?

You don't ask your child about school or homework.

You rarely know where your child is or who they are with.

You don't spend much time with your child.

If those statements sound familiar, you might be an uninvolved parent. Uninvolved parents tend to have little knowledge of what their children are doing. There tend to be few rules in the household. Children may not receive much guidance, nurturing, and parental attention.

Uninvolved parents expect children to raise themselves. They don't devote much time or energy into meeting children's basic needs. Uninvolved parents may be neglectful but it's not always intentional. A parent with mental health issues or substance abuse problems, for example, may not be able to care for a child's physical or emotional needs on a consistent basis.

At other times, uninvolved parents lack knowledge about child development-or they may believe that their child will do better without their oversight. And sometimes, they're simply overwhelmed with other problems, like work, paying bills, and managing a household.

They tend to perform poorly in school. They also exhibit frequent behavior problems and rank low in happiness.

A Word From Verywell

There's on such thing as perfect parenting. Sometimes parents don't fit into just one category, so don't despair if there are times or areas where you tend to be permissive or uninvolved and other times when you're more authoritative. It is hard to remain consistent when balancing life and parenting. Don't engage in parent guilt or shame. That's not helpful for anyone.

The studies are clear, however, that authoritative parenting is the best parenting style. But even if you tend to identify with other parenting styles more, there are steps you can take to become a more authoritative parent.

With dedication and commitment to being the best parent you can be, you can maintain a positive relationship with your child while still establishing your authority in a healthy manner. And over time, your child will reap the benefits of your authoritative style.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
4 Types of Parenting Styles and Their Effects on Kids

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Your parenting style will affect your child's health, self-esteem, and overall well-being. Discover which style leads to the best outcomes for kids.

# data[].attributes.body
Click Here: Love is Respect

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Understood.org

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
If you want to request an evaluation for special education, you may wonder how to get that process going. It's best to send a letter to the school. Here are the steps to make it happen.

1. Find out where to send your request.

Ask your child's teacher who to send your request to. If the teacher doesn't know, you can either ask the principal or call the school district's main office.

2. Write a letter or email.

It's best to put your request in writing. The letter creates a record of when you made the request. The school has to respond within a certain number of days - it's part of the law. Download a sample letter to give yourself a model to follow.

3. Be specific about why you're requesting the evaluation.

Include details about why you're requesting the evaluation. It's OK to say things like, "I'm requesting that my child be evaluated because her trouble with reading makes me think she may have dyslexia." But you can also describe your concerns more broadly like, "My child seems to have a lot of trouble paying attention" or "Homework takes forever and almost always ends in tears."

4. Consent to your child being evaluated.

Say in your letter that you're giving consent for your child to be evaluated. Without your consent, the school can't do any testing. To make sure it's done according to the rules, ask for a "Consent to Evaluate" form to sign, too.

5. Make sure the letter arrives.

Hand-deliver it or send it via certified mail ("return receipt requested"). If you hand-deliver the letter, ask for a date-stamped, signed copy to have for your own records. If you email your request, you'll get a message if there is a problem with any of the addresses.

After five days, if you haven't heard anything, check in with the school. You can do this by phone, but send an email afterward outlining the next steps that were talked about in that phone conversation. Your email gives you something in writing that you can come back to if you need to remind anyone of that conversation.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
If you want to request an evaluation for special education, you may wonder how to get that process going. It's best to send a letter to the school. Here are the steps to make it happen. 1. Find out where to send your request. Ask your child's teacher who to send your request to.

# data[].attributes.body
Click Here: Child Mind Institute

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Glossary of Terms

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Parenting Guides

Parenting guides on different topics including mood disorders, anxiety, behavioral problems, sleep, etc.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Our guides cover a broad range of topics, from the basics on children's mental health and learning disorders to advice for parents handling common challenges.

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Understood.org

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Teen Dating Violence

# data[].attributes.headline
Why It's Never Too Early to Teach Your Child Good Social Media Habits

# data[].attributes.subject
Why It's Never Too Early to Teach Your Child Good Social Media Habits

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Parents.com

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Understood.org

# data[].attributes.headline
How to Talk to Your Kids About Self-harm at Every Age

# data[].attributes.subject
How to Talk to Your Kids About Self-harm at Every Age

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: University of Utah

# data[].attributes.headline
Individuals with Neurodivergence and Suicidal Thoughts

# data[].attributes.subject
Individuals with Neurodivergence and Suicidal Thoughts

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Individuals with Neurodivergence and Suicidal Thoughts

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: What is Positive Parenting? Does it work?

*This article recommended; we are not promoting paying for classes advertised on site

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Positive Parenting Tips

For different age groups, from infants to teenagers

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: When Parents Disagree on Discipline

*This article recommended; we are not promoting paying for classes advertised on site

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
You vowed to be together for better or for worse, richer or poorer, in sickness and in health, but now you're in a parenting standoff and can't seem to agree on A.N.Y.T.H.I.N.G.

You're tired of yelling at your kids. Your partner is tired of their disrespect. You try to implement positive parenting strategies. Your partner insists on sending them to time out . You dread mealtime. Your partner dreads bathtime.

The tension is palpable, and your kids notice. They know you're the strict one and your partner is more lenient. They know who will cave under pressure and whose fuse will blow first.
If there is one thing you can ALL agree on, it's this: Something has to change.
The standoff can't continue.

Your kids are too important. Your marriage is too important. Your family is way too important to let discipline differences wear everyone down.

So what should you do about it?

First, take a deep breath. Like a REALLY deep breath.

There is hope for you and your family, my friend. Lots of hope.

I'm here to suggest there are 8 tangible steps you and your partner can take TODAY to set a new foundation in your home - a foundation you can both feel comfortable standing on as you continue your parenting journey.

Step 1: Find (Any) Common Ground

Start by identifying the aspects of parenting and discipline where you DO agree. You'll be more successful by identifying areas you agree on rather than focusing energy on the areas where you disagree.

Look for the positives. Identify the parenting strategies your partner uses that you appreciate.
Are they encouraging? Do they use a respectful tone? Do they play with the kids? Are they consistent? Do they have reasonable expectations of your kids? Are they loving?
Even if all you can say with confidence is "I appreciate how much you love our children," that is a positive foundation to build upon.
After all, your partner DOES love your kids. And even though his/her parenting style may differ from yours, the discipline approach comes from a place of LOVE.
This is not a time for blame or rehashing - this is a fresh start for everyone involved, so build on your commonalities.

Step 2: Explore the Underlying Reasons Why You Disagree on Discipline

The greatest influence on our discipline methods is undoubtedly our own parents. Whether you agree with your parents' discipline style or not, the choices you make today as a parent are due, in part, to how you were raised.

Without new knowledge and outside influences, parents are often predisposed to repeat the same patterns of behavior as their parents. This is why you'll hear moms all over the world catch themselves in a moment of shock and mutter, "Oh no! I sound just like my mom!"

For those with negative childhood discipline experiences, these parents often vow to not repeat the same discouraging behaviors with their own children.

Or conversely, (and more frequently) those who agree with the discipline techniques used by their own parents will repeat the same strategies and use the same language they internalized as a child.

This scenario plays out when you hear a parent say, "My parents did _____ and I turned out ok!"

This justification for parenting choices is a slippery slope, because you are taking your experience as a single person and applying it to an entire group of people.

For example, you might hear someone say, "I never wore a seatbelt growing up, and I turned out fine." Chances are, if this were the case, the same person probably wasn't in a messy car accident, either.

This person's one experience can't be used to justify banning seatbelts because, inevitably, someone is going to get into a car accident and need a seatbelt to save their life.

In parenting circles, you'll often hear someone say, "I was spanked all the time, but I turned out ok." But the truth is we can't let a single person's experience justify spanking ALL children who come from a plethora of different backgrounds and who have different predispositions. Or, when multiple scientific studies tell us it has a negative effect on children.

And sure, this negative effect might be something as simple as a quick-temper or mild anxiety, but it could also create emotional trauma that is much deeper than you ever intended.

If you find yourself using the "I turned out fine" argument to justify your position, I'd encourage you to really dig deep and evaluate where these feelings are coming from.

To find common ground with your parenting partner, it's critical you each do a little soul-searching and discover WHY you disagree.

What parts of your childhood influence your perception of appropriate parenting techniques? Additionally, what parts of your childhood influence how you feel about your partner's parenting techniques?
With a little self-reflection from you and your partner, you'll be well on your way to uncovering the surface of your deeply held parenting beliefs.

Step 3: Start Small

Begin with the non-negotiables for your family.

The non-negotiables are typically the health and safety rules (wearing bike helmets, driving before dark, etc.) and other areas your family values - education (homework before playtime) or respect (name calling will not be tolerated).

Agree on the limits and expectations for the non-negotiables and clearly communicate those to everyone. Be sure you both follow through each and every time on the non-negotiables so your kids see you are a unified front.

Step 4: Think Long-Term

Remember that parenting is a marathon, not a sprint - and that requires us to think long-term.

Visualize your kids when they show up for their first day of work. Imagine who they'll be when they have children of their own.
What attributes do you hope your children will possess when they become adults? Compassion? Work ethic? Thoughtfulness? Respect? Motivation? Resilience?
If you and your partner can agree on 3-4 words you hope will describe your children as adults, you'll be able to view parenting with a far-sighted lens.

Then, when tackling the day-to-day discipline dilemmas, ask yourselves the question:
"What do we want our child to LEARN from this experience or discipline opportunity?"
It's not about winning. It's not about proving "you're the boss and they WILL OBEY!"

It's about teaching your child to make the best possible choices in the future-and learning from mistakes along the way-so they can grow into well-adjusted adults.

When you and your partner have a long-term goal of raising responsible, compassionate, respectful children, you have a framework to make short-term decisions.

For example:

If you and your partner can agree on some long-term parenting goals for your family, the short-term decisions will be easier to make.

Step 5: Select a Signal

It's okay if you disagree on some discipline issues-the key is not to argue about them in front of your children.

Establish a non-verbal signal between you and your partner that indicates "we clearly don't agree on this one, let's discuss it away from the kids."

Since 95% of issues don't need to be solved on the spot, this gives both parents a chance to take a breather and decide on a course of action later.

Step 6: Avoid Good Cop, Bad Cop

In the same way you shouldn't disagree on discipline in front of your children, it's vitally important you don't pigeon-hole one another into good cop, bad cop roles.

Well-meaning parents do this all the time when you hear them say things like, "Just wait until Dad gets home," or "Mom is going to be very upset about this."

What message does a kid hear when mom says, "Just wait until Dad gets home?" A child hears that Daddy is the bad cop and is the only one capable of handling this situation.

Or if Dad says, "Mom is going to be very upset about this broken vase!" The child assumes Mom cares more about the vase than Dad does.

Statements like these only reinforce a child's feelings of viewing one parent as the "loving one" and one parent as the "strict one".

In reality, if you're trying to present yourselves as a unified front, you should both try to be consistent in your reactions. Each parent should feel equipped and empowered to handle any situation that arrives when the kids are in their care without threatening the other parent's involvement.

In a similar vein, it's important not to undermine your partner's parenting decisions in front of the children. If your children see you have a lack of faith in the parenting decisions your partner made, they will undoubtedly share the same sentiments, and behave accordingly.

Step 7: Commit to Consistent Communication

Set aside some time, one night each week after the kids go to bed, to discuss your progress.

Take note of the issues that have come up most frequently and agree on a correction method to use going forward. Keep in mind that your goal is not to "win the battle" with your partner, but to find the most constructive plan to help your children make good choices -thereby reducing future misbehaviors and training them for adulthood.

Again, this is not a time for blaming or rehashing, but rather a time to come together and map out a plan for your current parenting struggles. Celebrate the little successes you've made and the changes you've seen in your children and each other.

Step 8: Seek Support

If, after some focused effort, you and your spouse continue to disagree on parenting and discipline issues, consider taking a parenting class together or visiting with an objective, third-party resource, like a family therapist.

If you're not sure whether an in-person parenting course or an online class would be better for your family, you can learn more about the pros and cons of each type here .

No matter what route you take, just remember, you and your partner are on the same team!

Final Thoughts

While the task of solving discipline disagreements can seem daunting, these 8 strategies will put you and your spouse on the path to success. With these guidelines, time, and effort, it won't be too long before the big discipline debate is happily in the past.

If you would like to learn more parenting strategies to help you on this journey, I'd love to have you JOIN ME FOR A FREE ONLINE PARENTING CLASS!

What You Should Do Next:

1. Subscribe to my Newsletter:

Sign up for my newsletter for parenting tips to help you create a happier home and become the parent you always wanted to be. Plus, when you subscribe, I'll also send you a copy of our strategy-packed guide 10 Tips for Better Behavior - Starting NOW!

2. Register for my FREE 60-Minute Class:

Register for my free class called How to Get Kids to Listen, Without Nagging, Yelling or Losing Control. Classes run several times per week but I recommend you register early, as spaces are limited.

3. Enroll in my 7-Step Parenting Success System® Course

Enroll now in my proven 7-step system for busy parents ready for change (it's rated 5 stars on Google). Plus, for a limited time, save 10% plus get a FREE upgrade on all plans-completely risk-free and with lifetime access.

About the Author

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
When Parents Disagree on Discipline: 8 Steps to Harmonious Parenting - Positive Parenting Solutions

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
You vowed to be together for better or for worse, richer or poorer, in sickness and in health, but now you're in a parenting standoff and can't seem to agree on A.N.Y.T.H.I.N.G. You're tired of yelling at your kids. Your partner is tired of their disrespect. You try to implement positive parenting strategies.

# data[].attributes.headline
Parenting For Divorced and/or Separated Parents

# data[].attributes.subject
Parenting For Divorced and/or Separated Parents

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Parallel Parenting: Navigating and Understanding Its Impact on Kids

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Parallel parenting is an alternative to co-parenting in high conflict relationships. Here, what it entails and how to create a plan.

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Proud Parents Monthly Online Group

# data[].attributes.body
Click here:  Gender Unicorn: Learn more about gender

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Gender Spectrum

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Alameda County NAMI

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
NAMI, the National Alliance on Mental Illness, is the nation's largest grassroots mental health organization dedicated to building better lives for the millions of Americans affected by mental illness.

Helping Those In Need

NAMI started as a small group of families gathered around a kitchen table in 1979 and has blossomed into the nation's leading voice on mental health. Today, we are an alliance of more than 600 local Affiliates and 49 State Organizations who work in your community to raise awareness and provide support and education that was not previously available to those in need.

gathered around a kitchen table

NAMI State Organizations and NAMI Affiliates across the country

NAMI HelpLine transitions to

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Home | NAMI: National Alliance on Mental Illness

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
NAMI, the National Alliance on Mental Illness, is the nation's largest grassroots mental health organization dedicated to building better lives for the millions of Americans affected by mental illness.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
How to Heal from Distant, Rejecting, of Self-Involved Parents

# data[].attributes.headline
Adult Children of Emotionally Immature Parents

# data[].attributes.subject
Adult Children of Emotionally Immature Parents

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Adult Children of Emotionally Immature Parents: How to Heal from Distant, Rejecting, or Self-Involved Parents

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Adult Children of Emotionally Immature Parents: How to Heal from Distant, Rejecting, or Self-Involved Parents [Gibson , Lindsay C.] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Adult Children of Emotionally Immature Parents: How to Heal from Distant, Rejecting, or Self-Involved Parents

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
How to Stop Controlling Others and Start Caring for Yourself

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Codependent No More: How to Stop Controlling Others and Start Caring for Yourself

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Codependent No More: How to Stop Controlling Others and Start Caring for Yourself [Beattie, Melody] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Codependent No More: How to Stop Controlling Others and Start Caring for Yourself

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Understood.org

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
What happens during the school evaluation process? A key part of that question is the word process. That's because in the case of school evaluations, evaluation doesn't mean the same thing as test.

It's called an evaluation process because there are a series of steps that go into it. A school evaluation looks at a student's areas of challenges and strengths. Doing just one test or assessment wouldn't provide all the information an IEP team needs to make decisions about services, supports, and interventions.

In most schools, an evaluation is called a comprehensive educational evaluation. Keep in mind that not all schools handle this evaluation process the same way. But here are some typical parts to the process:

Creating an evaluation plan

Parents can request an evaluation, or the school can refer students for one. In either case, an evaluation team meets to review the request/referral. That team includes teachers who work with the student. Others on the team include the student's family, a special education teacher, and a school administrator.

The team talks about the reasons for the request/referral, and they decide what tests the student needs. Then, they come up with a plan that outlines the recommended testing. That may include:

Psycho-educational testing: This involves two types of testing. One is cognitive. The other is achievement. Cognitive tests look at how a student processes information. Achievement tests focus on academics - how a student does with school-related skills, based on age or grade.

Interviews: These may be in person. They may also be through questionnaires with the family, the student, and teachers. The goal is to get a detailed look at the child's social, functional, and academic history.

Classroom observation: This gives a sense of how the student functions in the classroom.

Functional behavioral assessment (FBA): This gives a better understanding of any behavior challenges that may have been getting in the way of learning.

Psychological evaluation: This takes a closer look at the student's emotions, behavior, and social skills.

Other evaluations: These may include speech-language, physical therapy, occupational therapy, or other specialized evaluations.

Getting consent to do the evaluation

As your child's parent or legal guardian, you have to give written consent before the testing happens. As you look over the evaluation plan, ask questions before you provide consent. Here are some questions to ask:

Are these tests the right ones to figure out if my child has a "suspected disability"? (If you're not sure what the tests are, ask the IEP case manager or coordinator to explain.)

What does each test measure?

What's the format of the test (like written or verbal)?

Is there a specific purpose for the classroom observation?

Will the observation be done during a class that my child is struggling in?

Which evaluator will work with my child?

What are the evaluator's credentials and experience?

For the most part, testing happens at school. Sometimes, a school district doesn't have a specific type of evaluator on staff. In that case, a student may have to go to an outside professional's office.

If the student is taking many tests, the evaluation may take place over many days. But it must be finished within 60 days of the referral. (Most states use that time frame, but not all.)

An evaluation looks at all areas of a child's development, and at least two professionals evaluate and observe. The professionals who evaluate students:

Have training and credentials in the area of development they're testing, like speech and language

Have experience working with kids

Know the expected behaviors and skills of kids of various ages

Share information to help get the best picture of a student

Test results aren't the only things evaluators look at to assess a student's skills. They read and review a student's records, work samples, and screenings. They also speak with families, teachers, and the student.

You may or may not be present during your child's testing, depending on the type of assessment and the school's policies. But even if you're not there, you can still play an active role.

Help your child understand the evaluation process. Make sure to tell your child that the evaluation isn't something you study for. Knowing that can help reduce stress. Your child will probably be pulled out of the classroom to participate in some testing. Talk about this ahead of time so it doesn't come as a surprise.

Expect to hear from the evaluator about finding time to share information. But if you don't hear, it's OK to reach out to set up some time.

The evaluation ends with a written report. Each evaluator writes about their part. The report includes the reasons for the request/referral. It should also provide scores and a summary of what the evaluator learned.

Many reports also give recommendations for how to help a student. The evaluation team will meet with the IEP team to talk about the results and recommendations. This is called an eligibility meeting. Parents find out at this meeting if their child is eligible for special education services.

As a parent, you have the right to see evaluation results at least three business days before the eligibility meeting. If you haven't gotten a copy before then, get in touch with the IEP coordinator to ask for them.

The information from an evaluation can point everyone in the right direction to help a student.

Key takeaways

A school evaluation includes both testing and observation.

An IEP case manager coordinates evaluation testing.

The evaluation results help the IEP team decide whether a student needs special education services.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
School Evaluation Process: What to Expect

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
What happens during the school evaluation process? A key part of that question is the word process. That's because in the case of school evaluations, evaluation doesn't mean the same thing as test. It's called an evaluation process because there are a series of steps that go into it.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
DBT Skills to Help Your Teen Navigate Emotional & Behavioral Challenges

# data[].attributes.headline
Parenting a Teen Who has Intense Emotions

# data[].attributes.subject
Parenting a Teen Who has Intense Emotions

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Parenting a Teen Who Has Intense Emotions: DBT Skills to Help Your Teen Navigate Emotional and Behavioral Challenges

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Parenting a Teen Who Has Intense Emotions: DBT Skills to Help Your Teen Navigate Emotional and Behavioral Challenges [Harvey, Pat, Rathbone, Britt H.] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Parenting a Teen Who Has Intense Emotions: DBT Skills to Help Your Teen Navigate Emotional and B…

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Anxiety

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Resources for understanding anxiety in children and teenagers — the symptoms, the kinds of anxiety, and the best treatments for anxiety.

# data[].attributes.headline
How to Help Kids Worried About 'Bad Thoughts'

# data[].attributes.subject
How to Help Kids Worried About 'Bad Thoughts'

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Child Mind Institute

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
The New Science of Adult Attachment and How It Can Help You Find - and Keep - Love

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Attached: The New Science of Adult Attachment and How It Can Help YouFind - and Keep - Love

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Buy Attached: The New Science of Adult Attachment and How It Can Help YouFind - and Keep - Love on Amazon.com ✓ FREE SHIPPING on qualified orders

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Child Mind Institute

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Child Mind Institute

# data[].attributes.body
Click Here: Parenting Stress Text Line

Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday

5:00 pm to 9:00 pm

text "FP" to 61222

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Parenting Stress Helpline

Call 800-829-3777 to get support 24 hours a day, 7 days a week

# data[].attributes.body
Click here : Child Mind Institute

# data[].attributes.body
Call or Text 988

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Skip to main content

We can all help prevent suicide. The 988 Lifeline provides 24/7, free and confidential support for people in distress, prevention and crisis resources for you or your loved ones, and best practices for professionals in the United States.

988

¡Los servicios de texto y chat de 988 Lifeline ya están disponibles en español!
Haga clic aquí para obtener información sobre cómo acceder a todos los servicios en español.

Conocer más

Stock photo by iStock.

The 988 Lifeline is a national network of local crisis centers that provides free and confidential emotional support to people in suicidal crisis or emotional distress 24 hours a day, 7 days a week in the United States. We're committed to improving crisis services and advancing suicide prevention by empowering individuals, advancing professional best practices, and building awareness.

About The Lifeline

Anyone could be struggling with suicide. Find more specific resources below.

I'm Struggling With Individuals with Neurodivergence

We understand that every struggle is different. Experience the stories of people like you, and how they overcame crisis to find hope and recovery.
read stories of hope & recovery

First, you'll hear an automated message featuring additional options while your call is routed to your local 988 Lifeline network crisis center.

We'll play you a little music while we connect you to a skilled, trained crisis worker.

A trained crisis worker at your local center will answer the phone.

This person will listen to you, understand how your problem is affecting you, provide support, and get you the help you need.

988 Lifeline Center calls are free and confidential, and we're available 24/7.

Show What Happens When You Call The Lifeline

Everyone Plays A Role In Suicide Prevention

Get in touch

Call the Lifeline

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Skip to main content We can all help prevent suicide. The 988 Lifeline provides 24/7, free and confidential support for people in distress, prevention and crisis resources for you or your loved ones, and best practices for professionals in the United States. 988 ¡Los servicios de texto y chat de 988 Lifeline ya están disponibles en español!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.provider_name
Crisis Support Services of Alameda County

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Some of Our Counselors Have Lived Experience

In our most recent survey of our crisis line counselors, 99 out of 133 people responded. We asked about their lived experience. What this shows is that many of our crisis line counselors have been there.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
24-Hour Crisis Line - Crisis Support Services of Alameda County

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
In our most recent survey of our crisis line counselors, 99 out of 133 people responded. We asked about their lived experience. What this shows is that many of our crisis line counselors have been there.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
How to Ask Your Teen Questions about Suicide and De-escalation Techniques

# data[].attributes.headline
How To Ask Your Teen Questions About Suicide

# data[].attributes.subject
How To Ask Your Teen Questions About Suicide

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
RAINN | The nation's largest anti-sexual violence organization

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Donate Donate Monthly Honor Someone Give to a Fundraiser Shop for RAINN Plan Your Legacy Donor-Advised Fund Donate Stock Workplace Giving Combined Federal Campaign Corporate Partnerships Take Political Action Volunteer Spread the Word on Social Media Start a Fundraiser Student Activism Tell Your Story Join the Speakers Bureau Request a Speaker Intern at RAINN Work at RAINN Sign-up for News & Alerts

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Letters to My Brown Mother: Stories of Mental Health

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Letters to My Brown Mother: Stories of Mental Health [Abbas, Muzna] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Letters to My Brown Mother: Stories of Mental Health

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
How Inherited Family Trauma Shapes Who We Are and How to End the Cycle

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
It Didn't Start with You: How Inherited Family Trauma Shapes Who We Are and How to End the Cycle

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
It Didn't Start with You: How Inherited Family Trauma Shapes Who We Are and How to End the Cycle [Wolynn, Mark] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. It Didn't Start with You: How Inherited Family Trauma Shapes Who We Are and How to End the Cycle

# data[].attributes.headline
How to Respond if You Are Being Denied an IEP

# data[].attributes.subject
How to Respond if You Are Being Denied an IEP

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Understood.org

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
If a school won't evaluate your child, denies special education, or reduces your child's services, you need to have a plan. Here are common reasons schools cite and possible ways to respond.

1. "Kids who are passing all their classes don't get special education."

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) says that a child may need special education even though "the child has not failed...and is advancing from grade to grade." Read the IDEA regulations.

2. "We're removing a service because your child is getting good grades and doesn't need it anymore."

Just because your child is doing well doesn't mean your child's disability no longer exists. Your child may need services to continue doing well. You can point this out to the school. You can also challenge the school's decision by filing for mediation or due process, which will trigger "stay put" rights." "Stay put" rights prevent the removal of services until the challenge is settled.

Sample response: "My child needs this service and will fail without it. I disagree with this change and am writing a letter to the school asking for mediation. In the meantime, my child should stay put with the current placement."

3. "This is a magnet (or charter) school. We don't have IEPs here."

All public schools are required by IDEA to provide a free appropriate public education to children with disabilities. Magnet schools and charter schools are public schools, and therefore they must provide special education through Individualized Education Programs (IEPs). IDEA regulations are clear about this.

4. "We need to try response to intervention before we give your child special education services."

Response to intervention (RTI) is a schoolwide approach for identifying and helping struggling students. But the U.S. Department of Education has reminded schools that RTI can't be used to delay or deny services. You can share the official memo with the school.

5. "Your child's issues are emotional and behavioral, not academic. So we can't offer an IEP."

Kids can get special education services under IDEA if they have a disability in one of the 13 categories. One category is "emotional disturbance." Another category is "other health impairment," which can cover ADHD. Kids who have emotional or behavioral issues that prevent them from participating and progressing in school and/or accessing the curriculum may qualify for an IEP.

6. "We just don't have the money or staff for technology and special reading programs."

Schools can't refuse to provide accommodations or services on the grounds that they don't have adequate funding. In fact, the U.S. Department of Education says even if schools have budget concerns, that doesn't change their legal obligations to your child.

7. "Our school doesn't provide that service. We don't do that here."

IDEA requires that schools provide special education services that are individualized to meet your child's "unique needs." A school can't have a total prohibition against services that may be best for your child. Recommendations from doctors and other service providers, such as speech therapists or occupational therapists, need to be considered.

8. "We can't provide your child services in a regular or advanced class. Special education is provided only in the resource room."

Under IDEA, students must receive special education services in the " least restrictive environment." This means, when possible, they need to be in general education classes. In addition, IDEA regulations say a school has to maintain a "continuum" of services for a variety of settings.

9. "I consulted with my supervisor. He says your child only needs an hour of reading intervention a week."

The IEP team makes decisions about a child's educational needs. Parents are members of this team. If someone outside the team decides a child's placement or services, that's a violation of the IDEA.

10. "I know your child needs this technology to read, but the administration office has to approve it."

IDEA specifically requires that the IEP team include a school representative who knows the school district's resources and curriculum. This person must have the authority to approve special education services. The IEP team decides if your child "needs access" to technology. When possible, notify the school before an IEP meeting if you're going to ask for a new service. If you find out that no decision maker is attending the meeting, document that in writing.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to Respond When Schools Want to Reduce or Deny Services | Special Education Law

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
If a school won't evaluate your child, denies special education, or reduces your child's services, you need to have a plan. Here are common reasons schools cite and possible ways to respond. 1. "Kids who are passing all their classes don't get special education."

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
The Whole-Brain Way to Calm the Chaos and Nurture Your Child's Developing Mind

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
No-Drama Discipline: The Whole-Brain Way to Calm the Chaos and Nurture Your Child’s Developing Mind

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
No-Drama Discipline: The Whole-Brain Way to Calm the Chaos and Nurture Your Child’s Developing Mind [Siegel, Daniel J. J., Bryson, Tina Payne] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. No-Drama Discipline: The Whole-Brain Way to Calm the Chaos and Nurture Your Child’s Developing Mind

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
DBT Skills to Help Your Child Regulate Emotional Outbursts & Aggressive Behaviors

# data[].attributes.headline
Parenting a Child Who Has Intense Emotions

# data[].attributes.subject
Parenting a Child Who Has Intense Emotions

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Parenting a Child Who Has Intense Emotions: Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills to Help Your Child Regulate Emotional Outbursts and Aggressive Behaviors

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Parenting a Child Who Has Intense Emotions: Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills to Help Your Child Regulate Emotional Outbursts and Aggressive Behaviors [Harvey ACSW LCSW-C, Pat, Penzo LICSW, Jeanine] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Revolutionary Strategies to Nurture your Child's Developing Mind

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Whole-Brain Child: 12 Revolutionary Strategies to Nurture Your Child's Developing Mind

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Whole-Brain Child: 12 Revolutionary Strategies to Nurture Your Child's Developing Mind [Siegel, Daniel J., Bryson, Tina Payne] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. The Whole-Brain Child: 12 Revolutionary Strategies to Nurture Your Child's Developing Mind

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Practical exercises, Worksheets and Activities to Nurture Developing Minds

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Whole-Brain Child Workbook: Practical Exercises, Worksheets and Activitis to Nurture Developing Minds

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Whole-Brain Child Workbook: Practical Exercises, Worksheets and Activitis to Nurture Developing Minds [Siegel, Daniel J, Payne Bryson, Tina] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. The Whole-Brain Child Workbook: Practical Exercises, Worksheets and Activitis to Nurture Developing Minds

# data[].attributes.headline
Learn More About the Apps your Teen is Using

# data[].attributes.subject
Learn More About the Apps your Teen is Using

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Waituntil8th.org

# data[].attributes.headline
Best Practices for Electronics and Social Media Use

# data[].attributes.subject
Best Practices for Electronics and Social Media Use

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Waituntil8th.org

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Waituntil8th.org

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Waituntil8th.org

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Behavior Problems

Information on common behavioral problems, causes, recommendations, etc.

# data[].attributes.body
Dr. Alok Kanojia, is a Harvard-trained psychiatrist, lifelong gamer, recovered gaming addict, and cofounder of Healthy Gamer. Dr. K’s expertise in psychiatry focuses on helping the internet generation live fulfilling and healthy lives.

Click for Health Gamer YouTube Channel

Click for Healthy Gamer Website

*Please remember this is not a KP covered benefit but are community resources

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Listen to HealthyGamerGG on Spotify. The Podcast form of HealthyGamerGG! Tune in for weekly updates from the channel to learn more about mental health, wellness, and how to become a Healthy Gamer!

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: The Difference between Tantrums and Meltdowns

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Quick tips for managing tantrums and meltdowns

Many people think that tantrums and meltdowns are the same thing and that only kids have them. These behaviors can look similar when they're happening. But a meltdown is very different from a tantrum. And some people have outbursts even as teens or adults.

Knowing the differences between tantrums and meltdowns can help you learn how to respond in a helpful way.

Tantrums are common in young kids. Many toddlers and preschoolers don't yet have the language to express themselves or the self-control to keep emotions in check. They may yell, cry, or stomp their feet when they're frustrated or are trying to get something they want or need.

As kids develop, they usually have fewer tantrums. But some kids keep having these strong emotional reactions as they get older. As teens or adults, they may be quick to get upset when something doesn't go the way they hoped it would.

Still, people usually have some control over their behavior. Imagine a child who briefly stops mid-tantrum to make sure someone is looking at them. Tantrums usually end once the person gets what they want or don't see a benefit to continuing. But sometimes, a tantrum spirals out of control and turns into a meltdown.

How meltdowns are different

A meltdown is a reaction to feeling overwhelmed. It's usually not something people can control.

Lots of situations can trigger meltdowns, depending on the person. For example, pain, fear, or unexpected changes to routines or life situations like a divorce or job loss.

For many kids and adults, meltdowns happen when they get too much information from their senses. The brain is too stimulated by certain sounds, sights, tastes, or textures. It gets overwhelmed trying to process it all. This is called sensory overload.

Some experts think overload sparks a fight-or-flight response. Intense feelings come out in the form of yelling, crying, lashing out, fleeing, or even shutting down.

Meltdowns tend to end in one of two ways:

1. By changing or reducing the amount of sensory input.

2. By just getting worn out. Some people may fall asleep. Others retreat inward and are unresponsive to the people around them as the nervous system resets.

About the author

About the author

Amanda Morin is the author of "The Everything Parent's Guide to Special Education" and the former director of thought leadership at Understood. As an expert and writer, she helped build Understood from its earliest days.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Difference Between Tantrums and Meltdowns

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Quick tips for managing tantrums and meltdowns Many people think that tantrums and meltdowns are the same thing and that only kids have them. These behaviors can look similar when they're happening. But a meltdown is very different from a tantrum. And some people have outbursts even as teens or adults.

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Support Groups for Parents

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Positive Parenting Strategies for Raising Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender Nonconforming Teens

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Parenting Your Transgender Teen: Positive Parenting Strategies for Raising Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender Nonconforming Teens

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Parenting Your Transgender Teen: Positive Parenting Strategies for Raising Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender Nonconforming Teens [Triska MSW LCSW, Andrew Maxwell] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Parenting Your Transgender Teen: Positive Parenting Strategies for Raising Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender Nonconforming Teens

# data[].attributes.body
Click here: Understood.org

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Quick tips for managing tantrums

It's common for young kids to have temper tantrums when they don't get their way. But by the age of 8 or 9, tantrums have tapered off for most kids.

When older kids have tantrums, people may see them as spoiled or disrespectful. The truth isn't so simple, though. Tantrums happen for a reason.

As kids grow up, they typically develop language skills to express feelings like frustration and anger. They learn to negotiate for what they want. Most learn to handle strong emotions and cope with disappointment.

But some kids take longer to learn to handle strong emotions and cope with disappointment. They may struggle with self-control or anxiety, or have trouble putting feelings into words. These and other reasons can lead to older kids having frequent tantrums.

Dive deeper

Tell us what interests you

About the author

About the author

Bob Cunningham, EdM serves as executive director of learning development at Understood.

Reviewed by

Reviewed by

Ellen Braaten, PhD is the director of LEAP at Massachusetts General Hospital.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Why older kids still have tantrums | Understood

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Quick tips for managing tantrums It's common for young kids to have temper tantrums when they don't get their way. But by the age of 8 or 9, tantrums have tapered off for most kids. When older kids have tantrums, people may see them as spoiled or disrespectful.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Discover How to Manage and Calm your Emotions, Turn Your Frustration into Positive Parenting

# data[].attributes.headline
The Effective Anger Management Guide for Parents

# data[].attributes.subject
The Effective Anger Management Guide for Parents

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Effective Anger Management Guide for Parents: Discover How to Manage and Calm Your Emotions; Turn Your Frustration Into Positive Parenting (Successful Parenting)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Effective Anger Management Guide for Parents: Discover How to Manage and Calm Your Emotions; Turn Your Frustration Into Positive Parenting (Successful Parenting) [Bass, Richard] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers.