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This chapter was most helpful in getting a grasp of the past and the future of HIM and AHIMA. I really liked the Career Map with the emerging HIM careers in these four categories: Coding and Revenue Cycle, Data Analytics, Informatics, and Information Governance. It was especially interesting to me since I am very interested in Data Analytics.

I think the most difficult part of the chapter was beginning to wrap my mind around the many acronyms that have started to pop up.

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This chapter explained the roles of the many people who work in the healthcare system from physicians to HIM. Then it dug into the groups that make the healthcare policies like the National Institute of Health (NIH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the National Academy of Medicine (NAM). There was a view of the healthcare laws that built the modern system that we have, starting with the Social Security Act of 1935 to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010.

I think the most interesting fact in this chapter was the portion about Artificial Intelligence (AI) being used in areas like radiology to assist in the analysis of MRIs, X-rays, and CT scans.

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This chapter is about the purposes, formats, users and functions of HIM records. When covering paper records, it went deep into the storage and filing systems used. It even gave examples of the calculations used to figure the number of shelving units needed based on the number of annual discharges, average record thickness, shelving unit shelf width, and number of shelves per unit. It also covered the advantages of EHRs.

The most interesting fact in this chapter is the reminder that with EHR data mining is possible, where with paper records each one has to be retrieved and reviewed individually.

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This chapter covers health record content and documentation including the role of documentation, documentation standards, general documentations guidelines, documentation broken down by the setting, and federal and state initiatives on documentation, health information media, healthcare providers in documentation, and HIM and documentation.

I think the most interesting and helpful part of this chapter studying both paper-based health records and electronic health records and how they are currently used.

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This chapter went into the history of clinical terminologies, classifications and code systems. Then it covered all of the code systems. Then it covered all of those things in detail.

I think it was great to learn about all of the clinical terminologies, classifications and code systems in detail and their history. I learned about a quite a few that I didn't know about previously like SNOMED CT, Nursing Outcomes Classifications (NOC), Nursing Interventions Classifications (NIC), ICD-11-MMS, ICD-O-3 LOINC, and RxNorm. To know that there are so many more than those that I am already familiar with is amazing!

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This chapter is about Data Management. It covers the ways that data is produced, where it comes from, and then it's there for analytics, data mapping, the clinical documentation integrity, and much, much more.

I think the most interesting part of the chapter was the information about the bylaws at many organizations to make sure things are carried out in a timely and somewhat correct manner.

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This chapter is about Secondary Data Sources. It explains the difference between primary and secondary data sources, the purposes of them, their users, and the types.

I think the most interesting part of this chapter was the disease registries. Collecting and finding patients for various purposes depending on the reason for the registry.

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This chapter is about Health Law. It explains where the laws and legal concepts that healthcare is based on can be found. It explains the basic legal concepts, patient rights regarding healthcare decisions, legal health record, legal issues in HIM, credentialing, licensure, certification, and accreditation.

I think the most interesting personal thing that I learned this chapter was about advanced directives, and how to complete all of the pieces a person may be interested in like a durable power of attorney for healthcare decisions, a living will, and a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order.

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This chapter is about Data Privacy and Confidentiality. The primary focus is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), and the other privacy laws, rules, and acts that keep patients' information safe.

I think the most interesting thing I learned in this chapter was about the more strict state statutes that have been created that take precedence over the provisions HIPAA.

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This chapter is about Data Security which ensures data integrity and data availability. Data security threats are caused by people, or environmental and hardware or software factors. To minimize security threats appoint someone to develop security policies and make sure they are followed, like a chief security officer (CSO), create information security committee, and follow the components of the HIPAA Security Rule.

I think the an interesting fact in the chapter was the common functions of the chief security officer (CSO).

Conduct strategic planning for information system security

Develop a data and information systems security policy

Develop data security and information systems procedures

Manage confidentiality agreements for employees and contractors

Create mechanisms to ensure that data security policies and procedures are followed

Coordinate employee security training

Monitor audit trails to identify security violations

Conduct risk assessment of enterprise information systems

Develop a business continuity plan

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This chapter is about Healthcare Information. I was introduced to analytics and health information exchange.

I think a difficult part of this chapter is the time I spent on the infographic project for health information exchange (HIE). I learned quite a bit during that project because of the time spent and focus I ended up giving to the whole thing. I was a graphic designer for almost 15 years, so that made it difficult for me to let go of the time that I used to spend on those kinds of projects in the past.

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This chapter is about Research and Data Analysis. The primary focus was to make sure we understood how to read and create tables, charts, graphs, and statistics.

I'm not sure that there was anything very interesting in this chapter. I have been familiar with all of this information for a very long time. Analytics is something that I'm very interested in for my future and I'm glad to see it start at the basics, but I'm ready to move on.

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This chapter is about healthcare statistics. This chapter shows how hospitals and all healthcare facilities are able to keep track of their patients and their budgets by those numbers.

I think the most interesting part is about this chapter was learning about the examples of healthcare statistics in the discussion.

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This chapter is about Revenue Management and Reimbursement. It discusses all varieties of insurance coverages to explain how they all work, which is helpful.

I think the most interesting part about the chapter is revenue cycle management. Revenue cycle audits by healthcare providers can allow them to find problems in their budget and coding software that can help them fix their system, save money, or improve the way they help their patients.

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This chapter is about Fraud and Abuse Compliance. A lot of this information falls under the Office of the Inspector General and then audits and compliance.

I think the most interesting part is the Office of the Inspector General and how many programs they control, especially the power they have over Medicare and Medicaid. They have the largest group of civilian auditors in the country and they are the premier healthcare law enforcement agency. Dealing with the fraud and abuse issues that come out of those two programs alone must be huge, but they take care of over 300 programs.

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This chapter is about Human Resources Management (HRM). It covers things like employment laws, recruitment, staffing, measuring performance, employee retention, employee relations, training and development.

I think the most interesting part is about scheduling work because I have done almost all of the schedules they listed
(full-time, part-time, flextime, compressed workweek, contract work, telecommuting) other than job sharing. I've been in many jobs where there is the technical schedule that you are paid for, and then there are the hours that you actually work. As a salaried employee at my last job I never worked the schedule that I was actually supposed to work, which isn't too unusual, but I ended up working 70-80 hours every week. It's my goal to never do that again.

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This chapter is about Ethical Issues in Health Information Management. The core of this chapter is the AHIMA Code of Ethics.

I think the most interesting part was the discussion assignment where we found an article about unethical behavior in healthcare. To compare those real-life cases against ethics rules that are here makes things much more clear.