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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style or subject matter.

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a film gauge used in filmmaking and the film standard.

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a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length.

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a camera that takes sheet film in various sizes, including 4 x 5, 5 x 7 and 8 x 10 inches.

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the photographic process used with currently available black and white films and printing papers.

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A person who has many task but their main purpose is to interpret photographs in such ways that will educate a board public base.

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a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

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Using elements of a scene to create  a frame within a frame.

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A room or building for the display or sale of arts of art

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the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to do the same.

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It is a mark made upon a surface, that must be longer than it's width .

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A flat, enclosed area of an artwork created through lines, textures, colors or an area enclosed by other shapes.

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Is produced when light, striking an object, is reflected back to the eye.

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A three-dimensional object with volume of height, width and depth.

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Is the perceived surface quality of a work of art.

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Is the lightness or darkness of a color.

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It refers to a feeling of depth or three dimensions.

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It is about varying elements and objects in your image, to avoid making them boring

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It is a regular arrangement of repeated same elements i.e. line, shape, colors over and over again.

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The distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space.

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It is the path the viewer's eye takes through the work of art, often to focal areas.

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It describes the visual relationship between elements in a photograph.

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It is the relationship of two or more elements in a composition and how they compare to one another with respect to size, color, quantity, degree, setting, etc.; i.e. ratio.

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It is the art of making a specific element stand out or draw attention to the eye.

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A type of symmetry usually involves shapes that go round and round with the same patterns.

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It is when both sides of the image hold equal weight.

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It is when you have different visual images on either side of a design, and yet the image still seems balanced.

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Its when a photographer puts two objects close to each other and tries to attract the viewer's attention to their differences.

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By picking different shades of the same color, you can highlight different areas of your photographs.

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is a means of depicting a visual image that does not have an immediate association with the object world and that has been created through the use of photographic equipment, processes or materials.

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Any color that is calm or soothing in nature. cool colors are not overpowering and tend to recede in space. Color colors include blues, greens and violets.

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Any color that is that is vivid and bold in nature. Warm colors tend to advance in space and can be overwhelming. Warm colors includes reds, yellows and oranges.

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Complementary colors are colors that are opposite of each other on the color wheel. They have the most contrast because they are opposite colors.

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Neutral means without color. These colors have undertones.

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The rule of thirds is applied by aligning a subject with the guide lines and their intersection points, placing the horizon on the top or bottom line, or allowing linear features in the image to flow from section to section.

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Simply put, the golden ratio is a ratio of approximately 1.618 to 1. This proportion creates a sense of harmony and balance.

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Leading line refers to a technique of composition where the viewer of your photos attention is drawn to lines that lead to the main subject of the image. A leading line paves an easy path for the eye to follow through different elements of a photo.

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Positive space refers to the objects in the frame

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negative space is the space between and around the objects in the frame.

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Backlight involves positioning the main light source for a photography behind the primary subject.

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Diffused light is non-directional light, where the intensity of light is even.

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Ambient light traditionally refers to any form of light that the photographer did not add to their image, and can include both "natural" ambient sunlight, or "artificial" ambient light such as a nearby street light, lamp, or similar.

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A silhouette is defined as a view of an object or a scene consisting of the outline and a featureless interior, with the silhouetted object usually being black.

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Chiaroscuro photography uses light to bring attention to one specific area while everything else fades to black.

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Objective photography is an impersonal image not influenced by feelings, interpretations or prejudice.

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Subjective photography is the creative or artistic process. The aim is to make a personal interpretation, a composition to capture and create an image with style.

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Constructive Criticism is the process of offering valid and well-reasoned opinions about the work of others, usually involving both positive and negative comments, in a friendly manner rather than an oppositional one.

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Using someone else's work without giving credit is considered plagiarism, or a breach of academic integrity. Any images that you use in your assignments must be cited.

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a symbol, word, or words legally registered or established by use as representing a company or product.

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photography ethics are the principles that guide how we take and share photographs

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The diptych—two images combined into a single frame or presented together—originated in art as a drawing or painting in two parts.

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Triptych photography is a photograph that uses three different or identical images side by side to form one single image.

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a pixel is the smallest item of information in an image. pixels are arranged in a 2-dimensional grid, represented using squares. Each pixel is a sample of an original image, where more samples typically provide more-accurate representations of the original.

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The last hour before sunset and the first hour after sunrise

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a period of time just before sunrise when the sky turns from a deep twilight to dark blue and then to light blue just before the Sun peeks above the horizon.

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Image file formats are standardized means of organizing and storing digital images

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JPEG is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography.

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A camera raw image file contains minimally processed data from the image sensor of either a digital camera, a motion picture film scanner, or other image scanner.

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Tagged Image File Format, abbreviated TIFF or TIF, is a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers

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It's an image editing friendly format that supports multiple image layers and various imaging options.

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Sepia is a form of photographic print toning – a tone added to a black and white photography in the darkroom to “warm” up the tones

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A mid-tone is precisely that – all luminance values that are not dark or light are considered to be midtones

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Highlights are usually defined as the brightest area in a photo.

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A shadow is defined as the darkest area of a photo in which you can still see detail.

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Post processing is the process of applying full-screen filters and effects to a camera's image buffer before it is displayed to screen.

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Long-exposure, photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

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Time-lapse photography is a technique whereby the frequency at which film frames are captured is much more spread out than the frequency used to view the sequence

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light painting photography is the Art Form of using handheld lights to paint and/or draw in a scene while the shutter of a camera is left open during a long exposure photography.

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Panning is a photographic technique that combines a slow shutter speed with camera motion to create a sense of speed around a moving object.

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resolution is used to describe a digital camera refers to the size of the digital image the camera produces, and is usually expressed in terms of megapixels

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Digital signal-lens reflex camera is just one type of digital camera, that allows interchangeable lenses on the same body camera

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a set of data describing and providing information about rights and administration of an image

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A thumbnail image is a small image that represents a larger one

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Straight Out Of the Camera refers to the absence of post-processing with an image editing program

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Vibration Reduction (VR) is an image stabilization technology that minimizes blur caused by camera shake

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camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash setting for your shot.

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Program mode refers to the fact that you can fiddle with the shutter speed and aperture combo

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allows the user to set a specific f/stop while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure

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a setting on cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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it lets you manually control shutter speed, aperture, and ISO

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ASA is the measurements of film speed, or sensitivity to light, but it is no longer widely used

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Film grain or granularity is the random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons

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ISO relates to a sensor's (or film's) sensitivity to light.

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noise  is the commonly-used term to describe visual distortion.

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An image sensor or imager is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to make an image

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apeture refers to the opening of a lens's diaphragm through which light passes

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the f-number of an optical system such as a camera lens is the ratio of the system's focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil

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bokeh is the aesthetic quality of the blur produced in out-of-focus parts of an image

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depth of field is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects that are in acceptably sharp focus in an image

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The focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light

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the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light

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setting on camera shutters is a momentary-action mode that holds shutters open for as long as a photographer depresses the shutter-release button

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the apparent streaking of moving objects in a photograph

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the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images.

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accessories designed to support a camera, a tripod has three legs and monopod is a camera support that has one leg

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a digital single-lens reflex camera with a 35 mm image sensor format

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an image sensor format approximately equivalent in size to the Advanced Photo System film negative in its C format, of 25.1×16.7 mm

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an image sensor format is the ratio of the dimensions of a camera's imaging area compared to a reference format

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a fixed focal length photographic lens, typically with a maximum aperture from f2.8 to f1.2

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a specific type of a long-focus lens in which the physical length of the lens is shorter than the focal length