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Toussaint L’Ouverture: the Black Napoleon who Freed Haiti’s Slaves

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Island was Renamed Haiti, its Pre-Colonial Name

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Island was Renamed Haiti, its Pre-Colonial Name

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Ruined Napoleon's Attempt at Conquering the Americas

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Ruined Napoleon's Attempt at Conquering the Americas

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First Modern Nation to be Governed by People with African Descent

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First Modern Nation to be Governed by People with African Descent

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Second Free and Independent State in the Americas

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Second Free and Independent State in the Americas

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The Haitians won despite the French's superior weapons and training,
Haitians were helped significantly by Yellow Fever which killed thousands of French Soldiers
Napoleon Quit the war in 1793 and Widthdrew his troops.
Haiti was officially renamed and Declared Independent in January 1794

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Napoleon's Brother Leclerc tried to take the Slaves Guns, causing them to revolt a second time.

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Once Napoleon Came into power and needed money to fund the Napoleonic Wars, and in 1799 he reinstated slavery on Saint Domingue

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After L'Ouverture won the war, he became the governor of Saint Domingue and did his best to steer the colony towards independence

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This caused L'Ouverture to fight for the French, and successfully defend Saint Domingue from the Spanish and English attacks. Now all former slaves on Saint Domingue were free citizens of France

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Spain and England joined the conflict in the hopes of weakening France.
Because of these two joining, France freed all the slaves, as they knew they couldn't beat England and Spain while fighting a revolution

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Actual Fighting broke out between the rich blacks and the poor whites in 1791 when the National Assembly granted Gens de Coleur Full Citizenship as long as they met requirements

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Slaves Heard Rumours That King Louis XVI had Freed Them 

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Slaves Heard Rumours That King Louis XVI had Freed Them 

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Both of these terrified the Grand Blancs and gave hope to the Slaves

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1789 - Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen 

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1789 - Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen 

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Ideas started in France reached Saint Domingue

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Former Slave who Led the  Slave Revolt from 1791-1794

Extremely competent general, moulded the slaves into an army that could widthstand the French army

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Death rates on these plantations were higher than anywhere else in the Western Hemisphere

Over 100 years slavery killed about a million Africans

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Inspired Spirit of freedom

Shifted people's views on Human Rights

All people of Saint Domingue began to feel dissatisfied with how they were being treated, especially slaves

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1794  - 1804

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21 Aug 1791 – 1 Jan 1804

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In May of 1791, the national assembly gave french citizenship to all free men of color

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In May of 1791, the national assembly gave french citizenship to all free men of color

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- If they owned property and had enough money and were not children of slaves

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August 1791 - February 1794