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Based on race as defined by skin color with those from Africa and of African descent enslaved. 

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Based on race as defined by skin color with those from Africa and of African descent enslaved. 

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Justified by the belief in the biological inferiority of those enslaved.

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Justified by the belief in the biological inferiority of those enslaved.

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Characterized by extreme violence - physical and psychological.

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Characterized by extreme violence - physical and psychological.

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Lifelong.  The enslaved were born into slavery and had no hope of release unless they managed to escape.

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Lifelong.  The enslaved were born into slavery and had no hope of release unless they managed to escape.

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Staggeringly profitable for the economy of the United States.

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Staggeringly profitable for the economy of the United States.

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Arrived in VA in August of 1619.

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The Portuguese  originally kidnapped a large group of Africans from present day Angola, and headed with them to Vera Cruz.

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That ship got hijacked by pirates (English/Dutch) and taken to VI.

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Traded, for food, maybe cash, and the status they had was as Indentured Servants.

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The first black property owner in the English Colonies.

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Was pretty successful. Owned upwards of 240 acres.

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His descendants were not able to inherit all of his property.

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He came to VI in 1621 and was first an indentured servant, who worked his term and was freed.

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He married another formed indentured servant, was recognized by the VI courts, and himself owned an indentured servant.

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What caused the shift from enslavement away from religion and towards skin color?

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Was surprised that slavery did not fully exist from the very beginning in the colonies.