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Helping Children Get Organized For Homework and Schoolwork

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Helping Children Get Organized For Homework and Schoolwork

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As an adult with ADHD, I know how hard it is to complete a task. One thing that usually works for me is making a to-do list and breaking down my tasks into smaller ones so I can follow through.

I've learned so many things about how to stay productive for longer periods along the way, and in this article, I will cover all of the points and give you all the tips you need.

Keep reading to find out how you can make a simple to-do list that you can follow through with to complete your tasks.

People with ADHD often struggle with managing and completing their daily tasks on time.

Creating an ADHD-friendly to-do list can help them stay organized and focused. Here are some essential features and tips for creating an effective to-do list that works for ADHD brains.

Link to first template: https://adayinourshoes.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/ADHD-To-Do-List-Templates.pdf

Here is a video interview I did recently with an expert in executive functioning.

Your ADHD To-Do List: Best Practices

If you want to be successful at making and keeping the best ADHD to do list, here are some tips.

Provide Clear Instructions: Do provide clear and brief instructions. Break down tasks into smaller steps to make them more manageable. This is especially important for kids with ADHD on their IEP. Teachers and staff cannot take for granted how much they may have to simplify an instruction for a student.

Establish Routines: Try to establish and maintain a consistent daily routine. Predictability helps individuals with ADHD manage their time more effectively. It also makes it easier to start over the next day when you have a bad day, if you have a routine to follow. (ask me how I know!)

Use Visual Aids: Use visual aids, such as charts, graphic organizers, calendars, and reminders, to help organize and plan activities. If working with a student, engage them and ask them what will work for them.

Encourage Regular Breaks: Encourage regular breaks during tasks to help manage attention spans and prevent burnout. Make sure your breaks are breaks and not a distraction to get sucked into-like social media or gaming. Pet your dog or do something like the 5-finger breathing technique.

Provide Positive Reinforcement to Yourself: Use positive reinforcement and praise when completing tasks successfully. I know what it's like to think you can conquer the world in the morning, only to stop for lunch and realize that you haven't done much. But, if you keep track of completed tasks, you'll likely find that you have accomplished something.

Create a Quiet Workspace: Create a quiet and organized workspace to minimize distractions and enhance focus. It's much easier to focus when you have a quiet environment. Remove apps from phones and computers that are distracting.

Set Realistic Goals: Set realistic and achievable goals. Break larger tasks into smaller, more manageable goals to prevent ADHD overwhelm.

Encourage Physical Activity: Encourage regular physical activity, as exercise can help improve focus and reduce hyperactivity. People with ADHD need sensory breaks too. For kids, sensory break ideas can include recess, playing outside, or silly dancing. For adults, it might mean something as simple as going out to the mailbox to get the mail or taking your dog for a short walk.

Develop Social Skills: To provide opportunities for social skill development. Supportive social environments can positively impact individuals with ADHD. Set a time limit and use socialization as a reward. The flip side of this, of course, is that socializing may not come easy for you. If it is a task or chore to be worked on, put it on your to-do list. Regular practice may make this easier.

Involve Parents and Teachers: Involve parents and teachers in the management plan to ensure consistency across different settings. The person with ADHD must be involved in the plan, or it will not be successful.

And here is that printable ADHD to-do list. https://adayinourshoes.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Simple-and-Minimal-Printable-To-Do-List.pdf

And to keep your to-do list ADHD friendly, you may want to avoid these techniques.

Avoid Negative Reinforcement: Don't use excessive negative reinforcement or punishment. Instead, focus on positive reinforcement to motivate and encourage. Part of the ADHD struggle is thinking we can "do it all," having grandiose ideas of what we will accomplish in a day, and beating ourselves up when it doesn't happen.

Limit multitasking: Excessive multitasking can overwhelm you. Instead, focus on one task at a time. It takes time and patience, but you can do this.

Avoid Overloading with Information: Don't overload with information or instructions. Keep communication clear and straightforward.

Don't Neglect Physical Health: Physical health is important. Ensure that you get adequate sleep, a balanced diet, and regular exercise, as these factors can influence your ADHD symptoms.

Avoid Unnecessary Stress: Avoid creating unnecessary stress. Be mindful of your workload and know that taking a break when needed is okay.

Limit Unstructured Time: Don't leave too much unstructured time. Plan activities and tasks to help maintain focus and prevent boredom. It's important to be intentional, and that takes time and patience. Yes, ADHD'ers need down time. But it's important not to let ourselves spiral downward into bad habits like social media and other time wasters.

Avoid Being Harsh on Yourself: Don't be hard on yourself if you didn't complete a task on your to-do list on time. Instead, use positive reinforcement and logical consequences and think about the steps you can take after that to make it up to your schedule. Instead, really examine why you did what you did and how you spent your time. Was it because it was comfortable for you? Was it a dopamine or serotonin thing? Then, examine that and think of ways to overcome this next time.

Don't Ignore Coexisting Conditions: Don't ignore the possibility of coexisting conditions. Addressing other mental health or learning issues can contribute to a more comprehensive treatment plan.

And here is the printable version of that ADHD daily planner. https://adayinourshoes.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/ADHD-To-Do-List-Planner.pdf

ADHD To-Do List Example

Here are some examples of ADHD to-do lists and charts. If you scroll up, you'll see the PDF for you to download and use.

For this example of an ADHD to do list, I've used the practice called "timeboxing." I explain timeboxing more below.

If timeboxing doesn't work for you, that's ok. It doesn't always work for me, but it doesn't have to be all or nothing either. As in, "Use timeboxing 100% of the time, or not at all."

Yes, I have an ADHD brain, so I know how thoughts like that creep in. I may get hyperfocused on something, but if it's going really well for me and I don't have any pressing deadlines, then I may ignore other tasks. This is why many parents choose to use printable chore charts for their kids. It's really just a to-do list!

What Is Timeboxing and How Can You Use It to Boost Your To-Do List?

Timeboxing involves assigning a fixed timeframe, referred to as a "box" or "timebox," to specific activities or tasks as part of time management.

This approach aids individuals in concentrating on completing tasks efficiently within predefined time limits, ultimately improving productivity.

Timeboxing can be particularly advantageous in organizing and improving your to-do list by instilling structure and preventing tasks from expanding indefinitely.

Here are some executive functioning considerations when putting your tasks on a to-do list or timebox. It's important to remember that by design, ADHD'ers struggle with executive functions.

Some may look at this list and find it overwhelming. If planning doesn't come naturally to you, then tackle one item at a time.

Task Identification: List the tasks scheduled for the day or week, providing detailed descriptions.

Time Estimation: Estimate the time required for each task, ensuring realistic assessments based on task complexity.

Timebox Allocation: Assign specific timeboxes to individual tasks, such as hours or minutes for a particular project.

Timer Setting: Initiate a timer when beginning a task so you are more aware of the timeframe, which will help you concentrate more and stick to finishing it on time.

Task Focus: Concentrate exclusively on the designated task during the timebox, minimizing distractions and avoiding multitasking.

Progress Evaluation: Assess task progress when the timer concludes. Complete tasks are celebrated while pending ones prompt consideration for additional time or progression to the next task.

Scheduled Breaks: Incorporate breaks between timeboxes to prevent burnout, preserving energy and concentration levels.

Adaptation: Adjust timeboxes based on consistent observations regarding task duration, ensuring future planning aligns with actual time requirements.

Task Prioritization: Factor in importance and urgency when assigning timeboxes to guarantee appropriate attention to critical tasks.

Reflection and Learning: At the end of each day or week, reflect on your commitment to timeboxes, identifying patterns, learning from experiences, and refining your timeboxing strategy over time.

Remember that success begets more success. If you can achieve just 1 or 2 of the above items, then next time can bring even more success.

Timeboxing stands as a versatile technique adaptable to diverse situations and preferences.

Promoting a structured approach to task management facilitates steady progress on your to-do list while fostering a healthy work-life balance.
https://adayinourshoes.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Daily-Time-Box-Planner.pdf
Why Use an ADHD-Tailored To-Do List?

Using a to-do list made specifically for ADHD can offer considerable advantages to individuals diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Here are several reasons highlighting the advantages of this customized approach:

And here is that PDF.
https://adayinourshoes.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Simple-To-Do-List-for-ADHD.pdf
Enhanced Focus

An ADHD-tailored to-do list provides clear, concise tasks, helping individuals maintain focus by breaking down larger tasks into smaller, more manageable pieces.

Reduced Overwhelm

Breaking tasks into smaller steps and prioritizing them on the to-do list reduces the potential for feeling overwhelmed, a common challenge for individuals with ADHD.

Visual Organization

Visual aids, such as charts, graphic organizers, or color-coding, can be incorporated into an ADHD-tailored to-do list, making it more visually appealing and easier to follow.

Structured Routine

Establishing a routine through a to-do list can provide structure and predictability, which is particularly beneficial for individuals with ADHD who often struggle with time management.

Time Awareness

Including estimated timeframes for each task on the to-do list helps individuals with ADHD manage their time better and avoid underestimating or overestimating the time needed for activities. You may want to use a visual timer while you are completing tasks.

Prioritization Assistance

ADHD-tailored to-do lists can include features that help prioritize tasks based on urgency or importance, assisting individuals in focusing on what needs to be done first.

Adaptability and Flexibility

ADHD-tailored to-do lists can be flexible and easily adapted to changing circumstances or unexpected events, allowing for better adjustment to the dynamic nature of daily life.

Goal Achievement

The to-do list becomes a tangible tool for setting and achieving goals, helping individuals with ADHD experience a sense of accomplishment and progress.

Customization to Individual Needs

Everyone with ADHD is unique, and a tailored to-do list can be customized to suit individual strengths, challenges, and preferences, making it a more effective tool for personal productivity.

Improved Time Management

ADHD-tailored to-do lists can teach and reinforce effective time management skills, supporting individuals in utilizing their time more efficiently.

In summary, an ADHD-tailored to-do list is a valuable tool that goes beyond a standard task list.

It takes into account the specific needs and challenges associated with ADHD, providing a structured and supportive approach to task management and productivity.

Lastly, go easy on yourself. I know wholeheartedly what it's like to wake up full of hope and sometime unreal expectations. Then, when that doesn't happen, I beat myself up.

Again, success creates more success. Not reaching a goal is ok too. What's important is that we can start over the next day.

Good luck and don't forget to check out all of our ADHD and Executive Functioning resources.

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Stay Organized and Productive with these 5 Free ADHD To-Do List Templates (PDFs)

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Ultimate ADHD To-Do List Templates: Streamline Your Productivity and Thrive. Explore our curated templates designed to help individuals with ADHD conquer tasks and stay organized effortlessly. Learn how these templates can transform your daily routine and boost your efficiency.

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Understand Executive Function Milestones Challenges & Implement Effective Strategies at Home for Ado

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Essential Executive Functions: Helping Students Build Study and Organizational Skills

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Essential Executive Functions: Helping Students Build Study and Organizational Skills

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Essential Executive Functions: Helping Students Build Study and Organizational Skills

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Supporting Executive Functions at Home (Behavior Interventions 1)

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How to Improve Your Child’s Executive Functioning Skills Without All the Arguments This School Year

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How to Improve Your Child’s Executive Functioning Skills Without All the Arguments This School Year

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How to Improve Your Child’s Executive Functioning Skills Without All the Arguments This School Year

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Skill, Not Will: The Collaborative Problem-Solving Approach for Families

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Skill, Not Will: The Collaborative Problem-Solving Approach for Families

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Skill, Not Will: The Collaborative Problem-Solving Approach for Families

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Ayudando a los niños a organizar sus tareas y trabajos escolares

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Ayudando a los niños a organizar sus tareas y trabajos escolares

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Executive Function One-Pager in English & Spanish

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Executive Function One-Pager in English & Spanish

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Recorded Webinars about Executive Functioning

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Recorded Webinars about Executive Functioning

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Welcome to the FCPS Parent Resource Center!
We offer a welcoming and engaging environment for families, educators, and community members. We provide access to information and resources to support the success of all students, including those with learning challenges, special needs and disabilities.
T…

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No More Late Nights: Overcoming Procrastination in Middle and High School Students

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No More Late Nights: Overcoming Procrastination in Middle and High School Students

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No More Late Nights: Overcoming Procrastination in Middle and High School Students

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School-based Intervention Programs for Behavior and Wellness

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School-based Intervention Programs for Behavior and Wellness

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https://www.fcps.edu/school-based-intervention-programs-behavior-and-wellness

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School-based Intervention Programs for Behavior and Wellness

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Learn about the behavior and wellness interventions used in Fairfax County Public Schools.

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Funcionamiento Ejecutivo Ayudando a hijos con la organización, la regulación emocional, y flexidad 2

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Funcionamiento Ejecutivo Ayudando  con la organización, la regulación emocional y la flexibilidad

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Funcionamiento Ejecutivo Ayudando  con la organización, la regulación emocional y la flexibilidad

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Funcionamiento Ejecutivo Ayudando  con la organización, la regulación emocional y la flexibilidad

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Cómo ayudar a los niños que tienen dificultades con las funciones ejecutivas

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Cómo ayudar a los niños que tienen dificultades con las funciones ejecutivas

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La primera vez que usted escucha que las "funciones ejecutivas" de su hijo de 7 años son limitadas, suena como si fuera una broma. No me diga. Ha de ser por eso que tan solo es un estudiante de primer grado y no un director ejecutivo. Pero lo cierto es que las funciones ejecutivas son habilidades de autorregulación esenciales que todos usamos a diario para lograr prácticamente todo. Nos ayudan a planificar, organizar, tomar decisiones, pasar de una situación o idea a otra, controlar nuestras emociones e impulsividad y aprender de los errores pasados. Los niños dependen de sus funciones ejecutivas para todo, desde tomar una ducha hasta empacar su mochila y elegir qué es prioritario.

Los niños que tienen un mal funcionamiento ejecutivo, incluidos muchos niños que tienen TDAH, son más desorganizados que otros niños. Puede que tarden un tiempo extraordinariamente largo en vestirse o se sientan abrumados al realizar tareas simples en la casa. El trabajo escolar puede convertirse en una pesadilla porque suelen perder papeles o empezar a hacer tareas largas (que eran para hacerse a lo largo de toda una semana) apenas la noche antes de la entrega.

Los especialistas en trastornos del aprendizaje han desarrollado formas de reforzar las habilidades organizacionales que no nacen de manera natural en un niño con un mal funcionamiento ejecutivo. Enseñan una combinación de estrategias específicas y estilos alternativos de aprendizaje que complementan o mejoran las habilidades particulares de un niño. Estas son algunas de las herramientas que les enseñan a los niños (y a los padres) para ayudarlos a abordar el trabajo escolar, así como otras responsabilidades que requieren organización y seguimiento.

Listas de verificación

Los pasos necesarios para completar una tarea no suelen ser evidentes para los niños que tienen una disfunción ejecutiva, y definirlos claramente con anticipación hace que la tarea sea menos intimidante y más fácilmente alcanzable. Seguir una lista de verificación de los pasos también reduce el estrés mental y emocional que experimentan muchos niños con una disfunción ejecutiva al tomar decisiones. Ruth Lee, terapeuta educativa, explica: "Estos niños suelen involucrarse tanto en el proceso de toma de decisiones que no empiezan nunca la tarea. O si la empiezan, están constantemente iniciando y reiniciando porque se les ocurrió una mejor forma de hacerla. Al final, cuando llega el momento de seguir adelante con otra cosa, están agotados ". Con una lista de verificación, los niños pueden enfocar su energía mental en la tarea en cuestión.

Se puede hacer una lista de verificación para casi todo, señala Lee, incluyendo cómo salir de la casa a tiempo cada mañana, lo cual suele ser una lucha diaria para los niños que tienen una disfunción ejecutiva. Algunos padres dicen que colgar una lista de verificación de la rutina matutina en algún lugar visible puede ayudar a mantener la cordura de todos: hacer la cama, lavarse los dientes, vestirse, desayunar, guardar el almuerzo, tomar la mochila. Lee también recomienda que la noche anterior intenten completar la mayor cantidad posible de tareas matutinas. El almuerzo se puede preparar con anticipación, se puede seleccionar la ropa, se puede empacar la mochila y dejarla cerca de la puerta. Esto requiere un poco de planificación adicional, añade Lee, pero hacer el trabajo con antelación puede evitar muchos dramas al día siguiente.

Relacionado: Cómo ayudar a los niños a reflexionar acerca de sus pensamientos

Establezca límites de tiempo

Muchos terapeutas educativos recomiendan también que al hacer una lista de verificación se asigne un límite de tiempo a cada paso, especialmente si se trata de un proyecto más grande y a largo plazo. A Matt Cruger, PhD, director del Child Mind Institute Learning and Development Center, le gusta practicar con los niños cómo dividir en partes diferentes tipos de tareas, con el fin de que se acostumbren a los pasos necesarios, y se den cuenta del tiempo que podría requerir cada uno. Como ejemplo menciona el trabajo que realizó recientemente con un niño de quinto grado que solo podía pensar en dos pasos para completar un informe escolar: escribir el informe y entregarlo. El tiempo requerido para la lectura del libro no le pasó por la cabeza.

Use un planificador

Los especialistas en educación resaltan también la importancia de usar un planificador. Actualmente, la mayoría de las escuelas exigen a los estudiantes usar uno, pero a menudo no se les enseña cómo usarlos, y esto no es algo evidente para un niño que se siente abrumado por o que no se interesa en la organización y la planificación. Es lamentable, porque los niños que tienen dificultades con la función ejecutiva suelen tener poca memoria funcional, lo que significa que se les dificulta recordar cosas como las tareas escolares. Y los problemas con la memoria funcional tienden a multiplicarse. El Dr. Cruger explica: "Los niños no recuerdan que olvidarán la tarea si no la escriben. No importa cuántas veces la hayan olvidado antes. Una vez un padre frustrado me dijo: '¡Es como si tuviera la ilusión de que lo recordará!'". Como respaldo de los planificadores, muchas escuelas usan también plataformas de software como eChalk para crear páginas web donde los maestros pueden publicar tareas y apuntes, lo que da a los niños con una disfunción ejecutiva algo menos de qué preocuparse.

Explique la razón fundamental

Cuando un niño está aprendiendo nuevas habilidades, es esencial que comprenda la lógica detrás de ellas. De otra manera, cosas como la planificación podrían sentirse como una pérdida de tiempo o un desperdicio innecesario de energía. Los niños que tienen pocas habilidades organizacionales suelen sentirse presionados por sus compromisos y responsabilidades, y pueden ser muy reacios a cualquier cosa que los retrase. "Es casi como si estuviesen tomando decisiones neuroeconómicas", dice el Dr. Cruger. "Constantemente están sopesando las cosas para ver si merece la pena el esfuerzo, y la planificación puede sentirse como una pérdida de tiempo si no se entiende la razón fundamental detrás de ella". Los niños mayores son especialmente reacios porque están más apegados a su forma de hacer las cosas. "Ellos dirán: 'Esto es lo que funciona para mí', incluso si su método realmente no funciona", dice el Dr. Cruger. Explicar la razón fundamental detrás de una estrategia particular hace mucho más probable que el niño se comprometa a hacerla.

Explore diferentes formas de aprendizaje

Debido a que todos aprendemos de manera diferente, especialistas en educación como Mara Ravitz, MA, quien es una de las fundadoras de la compañía de aprendizaje Smarten Up (página en inglés), defienden el uso de una variedad de estrategias para ayudar a los niños con una disfunción ejecutiva a comprender (y recordar) conceptos importantes. El uso de organizadores gráficos para quienes aprenden de forma visual es uno de esos ejemplos. Cuando los estudiantes están aprendiendo cómo se escribe un párrafo podrían seguir el modelo del párrafo hamburguesa (página en inglés), un diagrama en el que cada ingrediente de la hamburguesa corresponde a una parte del párrafo: el pan superior es la tesis, las tres oraciones argumentativas son la lechuga, el tomate y la carne, y el pan inferior es la oración de conclusión. Algunas versiones del párrafo de hamburguesa sirven como ayuda visual mientras que otras sirven como formularios que los niños pueden completar.

Otros niños recuerdan mejor las cosas si un hay movimiento que las apoye, como contar con los dedos, lo cual es bueno para quienes aprenden de manera visual y táctil. Los niños más pequeños se benefician del diálogo interno para reducir la ansiedad, así como de las historias sociales o relatos personalizados en los que un niño realiza con éxito cierta tarea o aprende una habilidad determinada. Las historias sociales son narradas en primera persona desde la perspectiva de un niño y son similares a un diálogo interno consigo mismo, pero también pueden servir como una lista de verificación, porque dividen las tareas en pasos claros a los que se puede recurrir más adelante.

A medida que los niños crecen y se espera que memoricen una gran cantidad de información objetiva y árida, Ravitz recomienda recursos mnemotécnicos como una manera de estructurar la información de forma que sea más fácil de recordar. Pero debido a que existe una amplia variedad de estrategias de aprendizaje disponibles, el Dr. Cruger hace énfasis en la importancia de no abrumar a los niños. Idealmente, el especialista en educación debería trabajar con su hijo una habilidad nueva a la vez, y dedicar al menos dos semanas a practicarlas antes de evaluar su efectividad y avanzar hacia algo nuevo.

Establezca una rutina

Esto es particularmente importante para los niños mayores, que suelen tener más dificultades para empezar a hacer la tarea. Los especialistas en educación recomiendan comenzar la tarea a la misma hora todos los días. Es posible que los niños mayores pongan cierta resistencia, pues a menudo prefieren esperar hasta que tengan ganas de hacer el trabajo. El Dr. Cruger recomienda de manera enfática no dilatar el inicio de la tarea. "Siendo realistas, es probable que el deseo de empezar la tarea no llegue nunca. Un niño que está esperando que le llegue la inspiración para arrancar, en algún momento se verá forzado a tener que empezarla, pero es posible que eso sea a las 11 de la noche. Es evidente que ese es un mal modelo de trabajo". Lo ideal sería que al llegar a casa los niños desempacaran su mochila, comieran y luego comenzaran a trabajar. Lo mejor es hacer la tarea en un espacio tranquilo, bien iluminado, totalmente equipado con papel y lápices, porque una búsqueda de materiales puede desviar rápidamente el tiempo de la tarea. Está bien cualquier espacio en el que haya distracciones mínimas. Algunas familias encuentran que hacer la tarea en la mesa de la cocina funciona mejor para su hijo, especialmente si uno de los padres está cerca para supervisar y responder preguntas.

Use recompensas

Para los niños más pequeños, Ravitz recomienda establecer un sistema de recompensas. "Los niños más pequeños necesitan incentivos externos para resaltar el valor de estas nuevas estrategias. Algo así como un cuadro de estrellas, donde los niños vean que la conexión entre practicar sus habilidades y trabajar para obtener una recompensa suele funcionar muy bien". Además, señala: "Es una buena forma de comunicar a los niños que sus padres y maestros también valoran esta habilidad". Si usa un cuadro de recompensas, un buen incentivo puede ser colgarlo en el área de trabajo designada. Para los niños mayores que no se motivan con cosas como las recompensas, aun así los padres deberían alentarlos. Ravitz recomienda a los padres comunicarse con los niños mayores. "Pregunten cómo van las cosas u ofrezcan ayuda. Díganles que aprecian todo el esfuerzo que están haciendo. La escuela en realidad es difícil para muchos niños: no debería darse por hecho que aprender estas cosas es fácil".

Tampoco es fácil desarrollar nuevas estrategias de aprendizaje. Al principio puede hacer que los niños se sientan aún más fuera de su zona de confort, pero merece la pena el esfuerzo. Usamos nuestras habilidades organizacionales todos los días de muchas maneras, y son esenciales para tener éxito en la escuela y más tarde como adultos. Estar organizados incluso nos da más tiempo para jugar videojuegos.

¿Cómo se enseña el funcionamiento ejecutivo a los niños?

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Cómo ayudar a los niños que tienen dificultades con las funciones ejecutivas - Child Mind Institute

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Especialistas del aprendizaje exponen cómo ayudar a los niños a desarrollar habilidades organizacionales y compensar sus desafíos.

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Browse the FRC collection of books about Executive Functioning here:

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Browse the FRC collection of books about Executive Functioning here:

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https://search.follettsoftware.com/metasearch/ui/103238/search/all?q=executive%20functioning%20&ists=0&activeMenu=HOME

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Webinar-Supercharge Your Child's Executive Function Skills for a Successful End to the School Year

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Webinar-Supercharge Your Child's Executive Function Skills for a Successful End to the School Year

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iiF50xsWn5E

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Supercharge Your Child's Executive Function Skills for a Successful End to the School Year

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Executive Function One-Pager in English & Spanish

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Executive Function One-Pager in English & Spanish

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https://www.fcps.edu/academics/early-childhood-education/early-childhood-executive-functions

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Strategies to Support Homework and Classwork

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Strategies to Support Homework and Classwork

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There are many strategies that may be used in the classroom and at home to help students with schoolwork and homework challenges.

The information on this page shows areas that might cause challenges, such as an inflexible classroom setting. For each area of challenge, strategies are offered to best support the student.

Learning Environment Challenge

Students who are in a supportive environment will be better able to learn and solve problems that arise.

Strategies to Support:

Foster mutual respect among everyone in the learning environment.

Model appreciation for diversity of thought and modes of expression.

Provide strength- and interest-based choice in learning modes and products.

Be flexible rather than rigid whenever possible.

Praise effort, application of strategies, and growth over time.

Teach and encourage self-advocacy and independence.

Convey a belief in the student's ability to set and achieve goals.

Executive Functioning Challenge

Executive function skills enable students to plan, focus attention, remember, and manage multiple tasks successfully.

Strategies to Support:

Provide clear, brief verbal and written directions.

Have consistent routines and visual agendas.

Collaborate with the student to make lists of tasks to accomplish.

Break tasks, including assessments, into small, manageable parts.

Use graphic organizers.

Student and adults collaborate on development of organization systems.

Teach note taking strategies (e.g., Cornell notes, concept mapping).

Use mnemonic devices to help with working memory challenges.

Work Production

When monitoring a student who needs to produce work, keep the focus on progress being made and adjust strategies accordingly.

Strategies to Support:

Help students see their progress and celebrate successes to foster perseverance.

Minimize visual and auditory distractions.

Provide direct, immediate cues or feedback as students are working.

Keep a checklist of daily goals and task checkpoints in clear sight.

Pause for student reflection about what is working or not working for them.

Ask for verbal or written responses to sum up learning (e.g. exit tickets).

Give students choices for final products and whether to work alone or with others.

Social Interactions

Guiding and supporting 2e students in structured social settings can help them to feel included and valued.

Strategies to Support:

Utilize strengths and interests in structured cooperative learning experiences.

Provide step-by-step directions and strategies to guide social interactions (e.g., ageappropriate social stories, role playing, practice reading and labeling facial expressions and body language).

Create opportunities for social connection with others who share their interests or talents (e.g., lunch bunches, clubs, cohort groups).

Practice social conversation skills (e.g., listening, perspective-taking, turn-taking).

Resources

Baska, A., & VanTassel-Baska, J. (2018). Interventions that work with special populations in gifted education. Waco TX: Prufrock Press

Baum, S., Shader, R., & Owen, S. (2017) To be gifted and learning disabled: Strength-based strategies for helping twice exceptional students with LD, ADHD, ASD and more (3rd ed.). Waco, TX: Prufrock Press.

Kaufman, S. B. (2018). Twice exceptional: Supporting and educating bright and creative students with learning difficulties. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

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Strategies to Support Homework and Classwork

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There are many strategies that may be used in the classroom and at home to help students with schoolwork and homework challenges. The information on this page shows areas that might cause challenges, such as an inflexible classroom setting. For each area of challenge, strategies are offered to best support the student.

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Assistive Technology and Executive Functioning | Fairfax County Public Schools

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Many different technologies can be used to facilitate executive functioning skills

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Executive Functioning Strategies for Your Child

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Executive Functioning Strategies for Your Child

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Parenting a child with executive functioning issues can have its challenges. But there are specific strategies and tools that can make everyday life easier for you and your child. Explore the strategies below, focusing on what might work best for your child.

About the Author

About the Author

Understood Team is made up of passionate writers and editors. Many of them have kids who learn and think differently.

Reviewed by

Reviewed by

Bob Cunningham, EdM serves as executive director of learning development at Understood.

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Executive functioning strategies for your child

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Parenting a child with executive functioning issues can have its challenges. But there are specific strategies and tools that can make everyday life easier for you and your child. Explore the strategies below, focusing on what might work best for your child. Understood Team is made up of passionate writers and editors.

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Activities Guide: Enhancing and Practicing Executive Function Skills with Children from Infancy to Adolescence

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Activities Guide: Enhancing and Practicing Executive Function Skills with Children from Infancy to Adolescence

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Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University

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Executive function and self-regulation (EF/SR) skills provide critical supports for learning and development, and while we aren't born with these skills, we are born with the potential to develop them through interactions and practice.

This 16-page guide (available for download, below), describes a variety of activities and games that represent age-appropriate ways for adults to support and strengthen various components of EF/SR in children.

Each chapter of this guide contains activities suitable for a different age group, from infants to teenagers. The guide may be read in its entirety (which includes the introduction and references) or in discrete sections geared to specific age groups.

Suggested citation: Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University (2014). Enhancing and Practicing Executive Function Skills with Children from Infancy to Adolescence. Retrieved from www.developingchild.harvard.edu.

Download PDF

Enhancing and Practicing Executive Function Skills with Children from Infancy to Adolescence

An activities guide for building executive function

Download PDF

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Activities Guide: Enhancing & Practicing Executive Function Skills

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Download free guides of executive functioning activities to support and strengthen skills, available for children ages six months through adolescence.

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Best Apps and Sites for Improving Executive Function

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Best Apps and Sites for Improving Executive Function

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Best Apps and Sites for Improving Executive Function | Common Sense Education

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Help students to plan, organize, and be attentive. Explore this Best Apps and Sites for Improving Executive Function Top Picks list of 18 tools curated by Common Sense Education editors to find relevant and engaging edtech solutions for your classroom.

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Helping Kids Who Struggle With Executive Functions

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Helping Kids Who Struggle With Executive Functions

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Helping Kids Who Struggle With Executive Functions - Child Mind Institute

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Learning specialists discuss how to help kids who have problems with executive functions stay organized and on top of their responsibilities.

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Creating (or adapting) a schoolwork station

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Creating (or adapting) a schoolwork station

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2024 Print Family Support Resource Guide