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Reexamining the Constitution: Article III

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Reexamining the Constitution: Article III

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The problem is the "indefensible system of life tenure for judges," especially for Supreme Court justices. It's an idea that has passed its time.

Concerns about the mental and physical capacity of aging justices is one motivation for the proposal. With long tenure, justices may stay wedded to legal views dating from an earlier era.

One proposals calls for 18-year
term limits for justices. An alternative enacted by statute, a justice   would be available   to serve on lower federal courts or the Supreme Court itself to substitute for justices after serving an 18-year term.

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Reexamining the Constitution: Article II

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Reexamining the Constitution: Article II

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"The Electoral College is the most outmoded piece in the Constitution,” says historian Berkin

The system results in candidates' focusing on "swing" states and writing off states with solid majorities for one party or the other.

The Constitution should be amended to allow U.S. presidents to be elected by popular vote rather than through the Electoral College, and 60% of Americans agree.

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ARTICLE XIII [Slavery, and Involuntary Servitude]

13th Amendment was ratified after the Bill of Rights, immediately after the end of the Civil War. It abolished slavery in the United States.

Fundamentally changed the nation's character. Without this, the Unites states would have lacked the moral gravitas to act as a force for civil rights around the world.

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ARTICLE I  [Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, Petition]

The first Amendment of the U.S. constitution protects the right to freedom of religion & freedom of expression from government interference.

It protects the fundamental rights of conscience; the freedom to believe and express different ideas.

It was adopted into the Bill of Rights in 1791

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1. The Legislative Branch makes laws, but the President from the Executive branch can veto those laws with a Presidential Veto, and the Judicial Branch can declare those laws unconstitutional.

2. The President in the Executive branch can veto a law, but the Legislative branch can override that veto with enough votes.

3. The Legislative branch has the power to approve Presidential nominations, control the budget, and can impeach the President and remove him or her from office.

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Article II, Section 1

Includes the President, Vice President, the Cabinet, executive departments, independent agencies, and other boards

Carries out and enforces laws.

The President has the power to either sign legislation into law or to veto bills enacted by Congress

The President has unlimited power to extend pardons and clemencies for federal crimes

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Article 1, Section 1

Includes Congress (the Senate and House of Representatives)

2 elected Senators per state (total 100), 435 elected Representatives: divided among the 50 states

Enacts legislation,  confirms or rejects Presidential appointments, and has the authority to declare war

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Legislative - makes laws

Executive- carries out laws

Judicial - evaluates laws

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Article III

Consists of the United States Supreme Court and lower federal courts

state judges are elected by the citizens not appointed

.Interprets state laws

Settles legal disputes

Punishes violators of the law

Hears civil cases