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Does drinking orange juice have any affect on helping clear up acne?

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We found 200 men and women that have similar acne prone skin, mostly focusing on their facial acne.

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The explanatory variable is wether or not an individual drinks orange juice.

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The response variable is if acne seemed to clear up after 3 weeks of drinking orange juice compared to the group that did not drink orange juice.

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100 subjects were instructed to drink 1 glass of orange juice everyday for 3 weeks in addition to the recommended daily intake of water (8 cups a day). The other 100 subjects were instructed not to drink orange juice and to only drink the 8 cups of water per day for the allotted 3weeks.

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We worked with dermatologists who went through their records of patients to find those that had similar problems with acne. They then contacted these patients and asked if they wanted to participate in this experimental study. Those that agreed had a pre-experiment check up with their dermatologist to rate the severity of their acne and a list of the participants was given to us.

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The control group in this experiment is the 100 random subjects that did not drink orange juice for the 3 weeks.
A placebo is not available for this experiment.

MATCHED PAIRS
Participants were matched up by gender, age, and the severity of their acne before randomly assigning groups. Matching will provide more comparisons in both of the groups in the final product.

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The list of the participating patients was numbered from 001 to 200. We used a random number table to randomly assign subjects into the 2 different groups (if they would or would NOT drink orange juice for 3 weeks). The groups were equally assigned 100 subjects each.

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Some potential lurking variables include:
- Diet
- Personal skincare
- Medications
Randomization of the groups helps counter the impact of these lurking variables.

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We are not able to blind the subjects because they know and are responsible for their intake of water and orange juice. For this reason, there is no placebo for this experiment. Although the groups are randomized and the participants shouldn't know any other participants, there is no blinding in this experiment as each subject will be informed on what treatment they were assigned.

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The sample being 200, the margin of error is approximately 7.1%. Therefore, the results should be representative of the entire population +/- 7.1%

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The dermatologists rated each participating patient's acne severity on a scale of 1-10 before and after the experiment.

After assigning groups, averages of the ratings were calculated for both groups. The OJ group's average before rating was a 9 and the other group's average rating was an 8.5.

After the 3 weeks, the OJ group's average lowered to a 7 and the No OJ group's lowered to a 7.8. Both averages decreased after the 3 weeks, but the OJ group's average lowered much more by 2 units. The other group by 0.7 units.

(click to view larger)

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On average, the severity of acne in both groups decreased over the 3 weeks. The OJ drinkers average rating decreased by 2, which is a 22.2% decrease. The other group's acne severity decreased by 8.2%. I think this is statistically significant as both group's acne seemed to be less severe. However, it would require replication of this experiment to better support its significance.

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This experiment will be replicated hopefully with a larger sample of participants to decrease the margin of error. Next time the study may be over a longer period of time than 3 weeks in hopes of seeing a larger decrease in acne severity in the groups.