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After the caliphs were dead, Umayyads gained authority because there wasn't a dominator. Muslims now have the freedom to gain authority on life.

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The hereditary system was established in the religion, which means that when a caliph dies, the daughter of the caliph becomes an adult, and become a caliph. It is like a dynasty.

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The capital of the Muslim was moved to Syria so it can be easily conquered. However, it is far from Medina's heart. That caused the religion to split into 2 branches. One was Sunni, it accepted Umayyad's rule. The other was Shi'ite. Shi'ite Islamic branch claims the rules of the hereditary system.

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Muslim expanded its territory to fit a greater population of Muslims, people who practice Islam often. The government of Islam are setting emperors in each empire.

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There is a rebellion in the Umayyads during 750. Abbasids is another empire to watch over.

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To dominate between both sides, the capital of Islam is in Iraq.

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Turkish armies were hired to have authority to connect the empires to the Islamic capital.

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The Seljuk Turks invites the Muslims to any of the Islamic empires to have a better control of the government.

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Muslims conquered Spain in the 700s. The Umayyads have control over it.

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Abd al - Rahman, the prince of the empire, visited the empire, and see Muslims developing and establishing a good land for Muslims. Power from emperor gained in 900s, after establishment.

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Abd Al - Rahman, the prince considers one part of Muslim Spain, Cordoba, a best Islamic empire. He built a Great Mosque that holds 50,000 people and 400,000 books. It is very beautiful and religious.

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After the prince died, the civil war broke out on 961. Afterward, the king of Christian took over Abd Al - Rahman.

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Ottoman is the Turkish Islamic dynasty after Al - Andalus was dead. The empire conquered is southeastern Europe, parts of the middle east, and northern Africa.

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Suleyman was the greatest sultan (Ottoman ruler), and he was known as the magnificent. He sets navy troops and armies with guns and cannons to protect the empire with the greatest power. In Turkey, he build splendid mosques, arts, and palaces of Islam. The main part is Istanbul.

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Jews and Christians enjoy religion in the empire. They have freedom and pay loyalty to the territory. Each person have different jobs, like some of it were in the government, slaves, schools, and religion. They are social structures of Ottoman.

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Woman lives were different. Instead of having full freedom, they have restricted things to do. For example, they have to do arts.

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The Ottomans form the largest Islamic empire, the Safavids in India.

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Leader Ismail made the empire independent in 1501. The Ottomans and Safavids won the war lasted 100 years and conquered part of Mesopotamia's land.

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The capital of Safavids is Esfahan. It is a magnificent and strong economy. They build schools, mosques, medical centers, workspaces, roads, bridges, and palaces from the money of trade and wealth.

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They make Persia to be the center of culture. Also, spread Shi'ite Islam to the Western Asia. The government and culture produce fabric, carpets, and arts.

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Mughal Islamic empire if in the northern India, east of Ottoman and Safavid.

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People are nomads from Central Asia vacating to India and rest in Mughal. In 1526, Babur conquered northern India and lead people to invade.

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In 1556, the Mughal leader, Akbar made Muslim India into the golden age. He establish a class of Islam with variety of religious books and make the government modern. Anyone in any religions can legalize the empire.

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Shah Jahan (1628 - 1658) is delightful because he collects jewels and arts to deliver to Europe. The magnificent building, Taj Mahal, is the memory of his wife died in a short age, is made of white marble and a tomb. Mughal authority terminates in 1857 because the emperor no longer exists. It is a pleasant life in Mughal.