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Formative assessment is commonly referred to as assessment for learning, in which the focus is on monitoring student response to and progress with instruction. Formative assessment provides immediate feedback to both the teacher and student regarding the learning process.

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Authentic assessment aims to evaluate students' abilities in 'real-world' contexts. Students learn how to apply their skills to authentic tasks and projects. Authentic assessment does not encourage rote learning and passive test-taking. Instead, it focuses on students' ability to integrate what they learn; creativity; ability to work collaboratively; and written and oral expression skills.

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Representative assesment iswhere the teacher picks a sample of students to hear from and figure out where they need to go from here based on what those students said.

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Summative assessment is commonly referred to as assessment of learning, in which the focus is on determining what the student has learned at the end of a unit of instruction or at the end of a grade level. Summative assessment helps determine to what extent the instructional and learning goals have been met.

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http://wvde.state.wv.us/teach21/ExamplesofFormativeAssessment.html

http://www.education.com/reference/article/formative-and-summative-assessment/

https://www.teachervision.com/teaching-methods-and-management/educational-testing/4911.html

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Classroom discussions can tell the teacher much about student learning and understanding
of basic concepts.  The teacher can initiate the discussion by presenting
students with an open-ended question.  The goal is to build knowledge and
develop critical and creative thinking skills. <br>

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The more we know about students, the more we can help them.  Observations, sometimes called kid watching, can help teachers determine what students do and do not know.  There are several different tools that we can use to record observations of our students.

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Asking better questions affords students an opportunity for deeper thinking and provides teachers with significant insight into the degree and depth of student understanding.  Questions of this nature engage students in classroom dialogue that expands student learning.  Questions should go beyond the typical factual questions requiring recall of facts or numbers.

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Graphic organizers are visual models that can assist students in organizing information. Students can use graphic organizers to structure their writing, brainstorm ideas, assist in decision making, clarify story structure, help with problem solving, and plan research.

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Think-Pair-Share is a summarization strategy that can be used in any content area before, during, and after a lesson, During the "think" stage, the teacher tells students to ponder a question or problem.  Next, individuals are paired up and discuss their answer or solution to the problem.  During this steps students may wish to change original ideas.  Finally, students are called upon to share with the rest of the class.

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Created by: Bonnie Huff