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Spain was the first to claim rights over Arizona. It took a long time for people to relocate to Arizona-Tubac in 1752 and Tucson in 1775. Not only was the desert climate a cause for little settlement but the land was already accepted by natives-the Apache and the was often great conflict over land and resources. Eventually the Apache pacification program was created to make peace with the natives and involved different aspects of trade for peace.

McClory, Toni. Understanding The Arizona Constitution . Second ed., The Arizona Board of Regents, 2010.

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Control over Arizona was inherited by Mexico when Mexico gained their indolence from Spain. Apache conflicts resumed due to the pacification program being created with Spain not Mexico. Mexico is responsible for Arizona's first constitution: The Constitution of Occident.

McClory, Toni. Understanding The Arizona Constitution . Second ed., The Arizona Board of Regents, 2010.

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The federal government (Congress) declared war on Mexico as part of the manifest destiny and disagreements regarding territory boarders of Texas. The U.S. was eager to gain land with direct access to the Pacific Ocean for trading with Asia. The war with Mexico continued until the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed in 1848 where the U.S. gained 1/3 of Mexico's territory and paid Mexico 15 million dollars.

McClory, Toni. Understanding The Arizona Constitution . Second ed., The Arizona Board of Regents, 2010.

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Soon after the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed the U.S. began pushing Mexico to gain more if its land. James Gadsden (a railroad promoter) was sent to negotiate the purchase of more land. A deal was made for the U.S. to pay Mexico 10 million dollars for 29,670 square miles of land. This purchase is currently the territory boarder between Arizona and Mexico.

McClory, Toni. Understanding The Arizona Constitution . Second ed., The Arizona Board of Regents, 2010.

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The Organic Act was created in February of 1863 and "officially established the Arizona Territory" (McCrory ,2010). The act was signed by President Abe Lincoln.

McClory, Toni. Understanding The Arizona Constitution . Second ed., The Arizona Board of Regents, 2010.

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When Arizona became an  officially recognized territory a percentage of land ownership was renounced by the federal govern and given to the state in order assist in its startup. Out of the land that was transferred to the state 85% of it is for public schools.

McClory, Toni. Understanding The Arizona Constitution . Second ed., The Arizona Board of Regents, 2010.

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"Progressivism was a bipartisan national reform movement that emerged in the late 1890s" (McCrory ,2010). The group consisted of white middle class citizens who pushed for various reforms that alined with their morals "American society and become hopelessly corrupted by monopolistic corporations, trusts, and wealthy individuals" (McCrory ,2010).

McClory, Toni. Understanding The Arizona Constitution . Second ed., The Arizona Board of Regents, 2010.

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The Enabling Act was created by congress to accommodate the people push for statehood. The act created guidelines and regulations for statehood. One of the conditions of the act was that states were required to draft and submit state level constitutions to be approved by citizen representatives and congress.

McClory, Toni. Understanding The Arizona Constitution . Second ed., The Arizona Board of Regents, 2010.

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The Constitutional Convention was held in Phoenix and consisted of 52 delegates. The delegates elected George W.P. Hunt as the conventions president. The convention was responsible for drafting the constitution which began in October and continued until December when the drafted constitution was voted on resulting in a count of 40 to 12 in favor.

McClory, Toni. Understanding The Arizona Constitution . Second ed., The Arizona Board of Regents, 2010.

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Women suffrage rights were included on the ballet where the men voted in favor. This meant that "women did not have the full suffrage from the very beginning of statehood, they did gain it nine months later" (McCrory ,2010).

McClory, Toni. Understanding The Arizona Constitution . Second ed., The Arizona Board of Regents, 2010.