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A genotype refers to the complete set of heritable genes the progeny receives from its parents . The main difference between a genotype and a phenotype is that one focuses on an individual's genetic makeup while the other is concerned with the observable traits a genotype constructs. An example of a genotype is the diverse sequences of DNA a person inherits.

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A dominate allele is a trait that is guaranteed to be passed on regardless of the presence of other alleles. Recessive alleles are in competition with dominant alleles to have their traits passed on. Unfortunately for recessive alleles, it is an unfair fight because dominate alleles dominate them when it comes to a persons genome. With that being said, it is possible for a person to inherit a trait that is not dominant if one parents has heterogeneous alleles. This allows for more variation that could result in the recessive alleles having a better chance at being inherited.

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Genotypes make up the internal genetic makeup of an individual and it is through phenotypes that these traits are seen externally. Therefore, phenotypes are determined by the internal processes that genotypes are in charge of.

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Phenotype refers to an individual's unique outward appearance due to sexual reproduction and inheritance. Height is an example of a phenotype.

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According to Wikipedia .org, "A codon table can be used to translate a genetic code into a sequence of amino acids."

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Codons are the mRNA sequences that code for an amino acid. With the help of a a codon chart, the letter combinations of mRNA nucleotide can be translated into amino acids. DNA is made up of Adenine (A), Cytosine(C), Guanine (G), and Thymine(T). During Transcription, DNA is decoded which means what A-->T, T-->A, C-->G, and G--->C. Next is translation, where the decoded DNA turns into mRNA. The thing I had to remember during this process it that Uracil replaces Thymine in the process. So translation looks like, A-->U, U-->A, C-->G, and G-->C. The codon comes into play to help identify which amino acids the codons fall into.