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Saint Cecilia, also called Cecilia of Rome, was one of the best known saints  of Christian history. She is believed to have been born in Rome from a noble family and married against her will to a young pagan named Valerius. She died between 180 and 230 after being tortured for her conversion to Christianity.

Cecilia managed to get her husband to respect her virginity and convert to Christianity. Valerius was baptised by Pope Urban. He and his brother, Tiburtius, were beheaded for being Christians.

St. Cecilia was named patron saint of music by Pope Gregory XIII in 1594.

Her story is known from a 5th century text called 'Acts of the Martyrdom of Saint Cecilia'.

The Catholic Church commemorates the death of Saint Cecilia on 22 November.

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Henry Purcell 1692

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Purcell - Ode for St. Cecilia's Day - "Hail, bright Cecilia!"

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Saint Cecilia was named patron saint of musicians due to a misinterpretation of the texts. According to one translation, Cecilia sang to God in her heart on her wedding day, begging him to allow her to keep her virginity.

In this translation it was deduced that the word "organ" referred to a musical instrument, whereas in the 3rd century this term referred to a bellows. This is why she was the patron saint of musicians and why she is represented playing an organ.