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YouTube is an American online video sharing and social media platform headquartered in San Bruno, California. You can stream and watch things on YouTube which can be accesses of all these black box platforms, YouTube is mainly aimed at people who rely on technology and younger audiences that possibly are, students, middle class, lower class. The appeal to YouTube is that it is free up to certain extent but in the app, there are purchases, entertainment factor and the variety of content of different genres. the advantage of it is that you can find the information you need to find out.
You can create avatars and realistic faces on the modern technologies on https://avatarmaker.com/   https://generated.photos/face-generator/

YouTube reaches to all audience there isn't a specific gender or age it reaches out to all, but as YouTube is now more popular than ever in this generation it attracts around 25-34 year old's no specific gender, but also 11 year olds watch youtube which means it all depends on the content. While each generation might watch fairly similar content, it's important to remember that the goal is different. For Gen X it might be to reminisce, while for Boomers it's to save time, and for Millennials and Gen Z, it could be to learn something new.
Online archives such as catch up tv, there apps that you can catch up on tv series, or movies, such as BBC iplayer, ITVX. BBC iPlayer is a video on demand service from the BBC. The service is available on a wide range of devices, including mobile phones and tablets, personal computers and smart televisions. ITVX is an online video-on-demand service accessible through the main ITV website, itv.com. The service offers a variety of programmes from homegrown programming to acquisitions across ITV1, ITV2, ITV3.

In computing, cross-platform software is computer software that is designed to work in several computing platforms. Some cross-platform software requires a separate build for each platform, but some can be directly run on any platform without special preparation, being written in an interpreted language or compiled to portable bytecode for which the interpreters or run-time packages are common or standard components of all supported platforms.
The new media is the current development in our technology. New media formats often facilitate more interaction than old media. Some pros include the audience is able to engage. Interactivity also gives more power to the audience. Another pro is once people have the devices and the broadband internet access, they are able to get instant access to a vast array of media content, much of which is also free.

The right to data portability allows individuals to obtain and reuse their personal data for their own purposes across different services.
We can move our data from one IT environment to another in a safe and secure way, without affecting it.
Doing this means businesses take advantage and collect data to understand their spending habits and convince them to buy.
Most popular platforms include Tiktok, Instagram and Facebook. I will use these im for my apps advertisement and to see what my target audience is looking for in a product.

The evolution of privacy continues to shift as consumers grow savvier and technology becomes dramatically more pervasive in our lives. Privacy started becoming a real issue when a few years ago massive hacks, seemingly one right after another, impacted even the most novice internet users, from companies like yahoo and YouTube.
At the same time, spyware became a popular way for cybercriminals to steal credit card information, banking credentials and identities, leaving the consumer vulnerable.
Regulation will become increasingly critical as digital pervasiveness grows.
To ensure that YouTube promotes respectful interactions between viewers and creators, they introduced several features. The most prominent was removing the dislike button. Many argue that it’s a good way to give feedback to videos and posts. Others say it’s good since it will help stop online bullying and hate. Smaller creators, as well as those just getting started, and said that many felt they were often unfairly targeted. Because of this they kept the dislike button but only made its statistics available to the creator.

Mass media have a strong effect on our expectations for family, parents, and children, creating standards for our way of life, affection, worship, and society. The influence of mass media is increasing as it is a pervasive and permanent fixture of our lives. Serving as a central source of information, mass media not only reflect public attitudes and values but also take part in shaping them.  This can lead to misinformation and rumours being spread about celebrities and brands.

Depreciation represents how much of an asset's value has been used. It allows companies to pay back their revenue.
When starting my app I can keep my assets and then give back the revenue while still supporting my business.

Restrictions of making an app are the language barriers. A translator which includes all languages must be included, otherwise we will lose many customers. Some shops and brands that are in Europe may not be available through out the country. Research will have to be conducted to try and include the most popular stores in each nation. Internet speeds may be slower in other countries. The app needs to be able to adapt to any router and WiFi.

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Mobile phones also known as black boxes, tablets, gaming consoles and multipurpose devices are used for gaming, communication, texting, radio/music, films, video and photo editing on the app's adobe, (premier pro or photoshop or film cut pro). With Bluetooth devices such as Alexa, iPhone, radios you can connect your mobile device to other devices and play music or podcast to listen to. Apps such as Instagram can be downloaded on your mobile phone. you can play on games on these devices including mostly a gaming console as it provides larger option of games and better quality. you can use apps on your computer and smart phone such as word Microsoft, also on these platforms you can purchase books and read them there has been a tablet that is made for reading called a 'kindle' which developer is amazon. On your mobile phone you can use apple pay which is an app on your apple iPhone that allows you to tap on a card machine and pay through your phone on your bank card that is connected to your phone to activate this by double clicking on your lock button on the right side of your phone. another advantage to your phone you can use a GPS, a GPS is easier to use on your phone as you have mobile data that allows you to access your own personal internet if you can connect to others. Storing apps such as iCloud holds documents and storage which allows you to add more storage buy purchasing more. you can shop with shopping apps such as Asda or Zara.

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New Fiber Optic Technology Could Allow 100-times Faster Internet. Broadband fiber-optics carry information on pulses of light, at the speed of light, through optical fibers. But the way the light is encoded at one end and processed at the other affects data speeds. This world-first nanophotonic device, published in Nature Communications, encodes more data and processes it much faster than conventional fiber optics by using a special form of ‘twisted’ light.
Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard used for exchanging data between fixed and mobile devices over short distances, for example Bluetooth speakers, Bluetooth headphones you can get Bluetooth in cars and so many more things now like amazon Alexa.

In 1883 a man named Charles Baggage invented all he parts that we now use to use to make a computer in this current day and age.
The Z3 was the first working, programmable and fully automatic digital computer. The original was destroyed in World War II.
In 1971 A team of IBM engineers led by Alan Shugart invents the "floppy disk," enabling data to be shared among different computers.
In 1971 Steve Jobs co founded Apple and created the first apples computer, the Apple 1.
In 2016 the first programmable quantum computer was created.
The 1990s were a huge decade for advertising technology. The Internet created new marketing channels that were more cost effective and simply worked better. Internet users grew by over 50 million people in the two years between 1995 and 1997. The term "search engine optimization" was also first used during this time.
Inbound marketing became the marketing tool of choice for those who were advertising online. Inbound marketing lets the user come to you. It wasn't until 2012 that social media and blogging really became recognized as a viable marketing option.
Web 3.0 is the phase of the the evolution of web/internet potentially could be as disruptive and represent as big a paradigm shift as Web 2.0 did. Web 3.0 is built upon the core concepts of decentralization, openness, and greater user utility. It is created for a greater use of utility on the internet.

In 1964, the Navy Satellite System became operational. In 1967 Timation improved location accuracy, even though it took hours. Because of this transit became available for non-military people.  In February 2019 the Queen Elizabeth Award for Engineering went to four of the primary developers of the GPS program for their contribution to the world.

VoIP was created in 1995 and originally serve as a way to save money on long-distance and international telephone charges. It began with a company called VocalTec, who created the first Internet phone. In 1998, VocalTec came out with computer-to-telephone and phone-to-phone calling features for VoIP. In the 21st century, telephony equipment companies started realizing the benefits of transferring information over IP.  By 2003, 25 percent of all voice calls were VoIP.

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Public information and communication: Information easily accessible across platforms for consumers.
Consumerism: What the audience will buy and which information they will take in.
Entertainment: to escape and to view what the audience wants to see on their socials.
Advertising: Spreading information and letting a product reach a broader audience.
Propaganda: When social medias will push political views onto audiences.

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TV viewing habits (3d, interactive TV)- In 1894 William Greene created the process stereoscope headset. Next came the polarized 3d system with passive filters. This developed to the head mantel display we see today which separates displays positioned Infront of each eye. Auto stereoscopic is being able to watch the tv in 3D without glasses.
The rise of online gaming- started in 1972 with the old arcade game pong. You can only play up to 10 rounds and its very repetitive. Development meant that gamers could control the game with a controller. Hugmented reality is when digital content and info is relayed into the psychical world.
Analogue switch off - analogue signals to transmit video and audio. Prone to signal drop and interference. in 2012 different regions in the Uk turned off transmitters. digital switch over meant digital issues were rectified. 5 main terrestrial channels include BBC1, BB2, ITV, Channel 4 etc.
Advantages of digital cameras- digital cameras have a range of different settings and can be uploaded onto any platform in HD. Filters can be accessed on different sites. There are apps that let you edit your photos.
de-regulation- deregulation of companies is when governments relax rules on ownership of media companies. This means other companies and multi-channel environment grew.
New and old technologies- advantages of the black and white tv is how its faster and easy to use. A disadvantage is how there is no colour or HD. Dial up internet is used for telephone networks through a modem. The advantage of this is the access to the internet and a disadvantage is how your only able to use your phone or the internet. Books and other printed reading is easily portable and is visually pleasing. A disadvantage is the rise of new technologies. E readers and tablets can download multiple books and is smaller therefore better to carry. Terrestrial TV (BBC, ITV, c5) digital broadcast offers better quality of picture and sound. Disadvantages include the cost of a digital converter box, which cost more than the original antenna.
New technologies- broadband (fibre optics and super broadband). Wireless technologies include Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and Nfc. Range of platforms include computers, smartphones, smart devices, social media). Channels of distribution.

In 1976 video VHS started off as the first way to watch a film on your tv. you could rewind, pause and play the tape.
In 1995 the DVD disk came out and proved to be better and with more features like subtitles and HD quality. The VHS is slower to rewind and has poor quality.

Internet radio is when podcasts or radio is streamed and uploaded online from a computer. The cons of internet radio is the better sound quality and mixed variety which means a more mixed variety audience from across the world. On the other hand listening to internet radio comes with a cost. You can't say the same thing for FM/AM radio. Royalties as well means commercial songs will need to be purchased to be played.
Digital audio broadcasting is the standard for radio around the world. Unlike the internet, DAB doesn’t charge you.
In the Future Uk may permanently turn off FM radio, so to keep listening to the radio digital broadcasting is the best way. Some cons of DAB include the interference which is more disruptive then FM. The main reason why internet/FM is more popular is because of the gurgling noise the radio makes when there’s no strong signal. Internet radio is the most popular form of listening to podcasts, shows and news.

Apps are small and convenient. Many features can be squeezed inside and give us what we want quickly and easily. They can be downloaded onto phones, consoles and computers. Online gaming are typically what apps are used for. They allow recluse teens to socialize and promote many great learning opportunities. Some cons of online gaming is the cost. Nowadays games can range from 10-100 pounds. And the console itself is worth a grand. To simply enjoy a game you must spend alot of money.
DVDs are a great way to watch HD films in your home without spending a lot, unlike video games. They come in great quality and have special features like behind the scenes. They are small and compact and once you own it’s  yours. online streaming services tend to remove films and can be less than great quality.

Online schedules and viewing habits have changed in the last year. With viewing of regular broadcast TV also increased, bucking a near decade-long trend of decline, with the Coronavirus pandemic related lockdowns playing a big part. However, much of the rise in total viewing came from non-broadcast services on the TV set, including YouTube, gaming, and streaming services like Netflix and Amazon Prime Video, which increased by 50% since 2019. Taking advantage of the medias audience at this crucial time is important.

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Cinematography is the illusion of movement by the recording and subsequent rapid projection of many still photographic pictures on a screen. Originally a product of 19th-century scientific endeavor, cinema has become a medium of mass entertainment and communication, and today it is a multi-billion-pound industry. However, in 1891 the Edison Company successfully demonstrated a prototype of the kinescope, which enabled one person at a time to view moving pictures. The journey of improving cinematography started with adding color, color was first added to black-and-white movies through hand coloring, tinting, toning and stenciling. Then there was sound, the first feature-length movie incorporating synchronized dialogue, The Jazz Singer 1927 used the Warner Brothers’ Vitaphone system, which employed a separate record disc with each reel of film for the sound. This system proved unreliable and was soon replaced by an optical, variable density soundtrack.

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The world’s first electronic television was created by a 21-year-old inventor named Philo Taylor Farnsworth. That inventor lived in a house without electricity until he was age 14. Starting in high school, he began to think of a system that could capture moving images, transform those images into code, then move those images along radio waves to different devices. 2 November 1982: Channel 4 television begins broadcasting. 17 January 1983: BBC Breakfast Time (breakfast television) starts. 2 November 1983: TV-AM breakfast television starts. 6 February 1989: Launch of Sky (satellite television provider). 29 April 1990: Launch of British Satellite Broadcasting (BSB) (satellite television broadcaster). The concept of television was the work of many individuals in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The first practical transmissions of moving images over a radio system used mechanical rotating perforated disks to scan a scene into a time-varying signal that could be reconstructed at a receiver back into an approximation of the original image. Development of television was interrupted by the second world war. After the end of the war, all-electronic methods of scanning and displaying images became standard. Several different standards for addition of color to transmitted images were developed with different regions using technically incompatible signal standards. Television broadcasting expanded rapidly after World War II, becoming an important mass medium, for advertising, propaganda, and entertainment.

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Radio is the technology of signaling and communicating using radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves of frequency between 30 hertz and 300 gigahertz. They are generated by an electronic device called a transmitter connected to an antenna which radiates the waves, and received by another antenna connected to a radio receiver. Radio is very widely used in modern technology, in radio communication, radar, radio navigation, remote control, remote sensing, and other applications.
The first radio news program was broadcast August 31, 1920, by station 8MK in Detroit, Michigan, which survives today as all-news format station WWJ under ownership of the CBS network.

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The first real print was created in 618 in China, by the T'ang Dynasty.​ They used ink on wooden blocks to stamp the text onto the paper.​ In 816 the T'ang Dynasty created the Diamond Sutra, a Buddhist book from Dunhuang. This was the first known printed book to be made. In Britain, the first Sunday newspaper was the British Gazette and Sunday Monitor published in 1780. In 1785 the Daily Universal Register was first published. In 1788 it was renamed The Times. In 1814 The Times was printed with a steam-powered press for the first time. In 1848 The Times used a rotary printing press with the printing face wrapped around a cylinder for the first time.​ After the war, the major newspapers engaged in a large-scale circulation race. ​The Times of London was long the most influential prestige newspaper, although far from having the largest circulation. It gave far more attention to serious political and cultural news.​ The past two decades have saw the steady decline of books, magazine, and newspapers as the main conveyors of new information, instead the torch has passed on to the internet with the launch of sites such as Wikipedia, TMZ, and the online sites of newspapers.​ Although these sites have become the go to source for news and information, conventional methods of print like newspapers, magazines, and book sales all continue with success and are striving to survive.​

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History of animation started on 20th of July 1887 in France. Charles-Émile Reynaud self-taught engineer created and presented the 1st Praxinoscope. on 28 October 1892 he projected the first animated film in public, Pauvre Pierrot, at the Musée Grévin in Paris.​ One of the most well-known is the Shahr-E Sukhteh, a bronze-age bowl showing a hungry goat jumping up for leaves in a sequence of changing ‘frames’ around the outside of the bowl. Around the era of The Industrial Revolution in Europe and North America, some folk were getting tired with just looking at a bit of pottery or a bunch of arranged pictures to represent motion. Lucky for them, new technology and the spread of machinery made possible devices that could successfully display ‘moving’ images for their entertainment and delight.  Light would be shined through a thin picture and projected out of the lens on the front in order to cast an image on a flat surface. The animation part would come in thanks to moving components that were used to overlay two images where one would slide about or rotate to show movement on a second, static image. These films were created by drawing each frame on paper and then shooting each frame onto negative film, which gave the picture a blackboard look. The first animated feature-length film to be created entirely by hand-drawn animation. The blush on Snow’s cheeks was real rouge that some of the women at the studio would add during production in order to make her look more genuine. Stop-motion animation is a great way to bring toys and other objects to life and learn the basics of filmmaking. Stop Motion Studio makes it easy to create your own stop-motion movies. With a mixture of clay animation and CGI movies.  The first 3D CGI animation film was Toy Story. Toy Story was animated and released in 1995 by Walt Disney Studios, which was known then as Pixar. A few more experimental animation techniques were developed over the next decade (including methods like rotoscoping), which produced some hit-and-miss results. It was the opening of a small studio in Los Angeles, however, that changed the game forever. To many, the word “animation” begins and ends with Walt Disney.