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This amendment is the equal protection clause. This clause means that people are protected no matter who they are. They must be treated the same. (Constitution)

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Title IX of the Education Amendments Act

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Title IX of the Education Amendments Act

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This states that no person shall be discriminated against on the basis of sex. (AMSCO textbook)

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In 1964 congress passed the civil rights act of 1964 which stops discrimination on the basis of race, religion, and origin. This happened after the letter from Birmingham jail. (AMSCO textbook)

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Brown v Board is one of the most important cases in history. It's the case that made schools integrated. In the 60's the board of education was sued for having schools that were still segregated. The final ruling was in favor of Brown and after this schools were integrated. (SCOTUS cases)

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After getting charged as as an outside agitator MLK explained the what a nonviolent campaign truly was. collection of the facts to determine whether injustices exist, negotiation, self-purification, and direct action. (AMSCO textbook and class assignment)

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De facto was a term used during school integration to describe when legislation didn't overly segregate students by race  even thought school segregating continued. De jure is used for mandatory segregation. (AMSCO textbook)

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In this case a man named Earl Gideon was arrested and put on trial but couldn't afford a lawyer so he asked the judge to give him one but the refused so he had to represent himself. After this went to the supreme court they ruled the 14th amendment gives a criminal defendant the right to a lawyer if they can't afford one. (SCOTUS cases)

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Many people filed lawsuits in the US district court to challenge provisions that basically banned the new registration of a firearm in Chicago. The final ruling ending being in favor of the suits. They said the right to own firearms applies to state and local government as well as federal governments. (SCOTUS cases)

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Selective incorporation is a constitutional concept of the way the US bill of rights has been applied in the US through the equal protection clause. (AMSCO textbook)

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The rights of the accused include the 5th, 6th, and 8th amendment are meant to ensure those that are arrested are treated fairly and equally. (constitution)

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This amendment protects people from unreasonable search and seizures. This means the police can't search people or confiscate items without proper reasoning.  (constitution)

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The 2nd amendment gives a person the right to bare arms. That means someone has the right to own a firearm in order to protect themselves and their land. (constitution)

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In this case the new york times and washingotn post illegally printed and leaked classified documents about the Vietnam War. The final ruling was the times was within their right to publish this information. (SCOTUS cases)

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In this case Charles Schenck mailed printed circulars of the military draft. This was charges under the espionage act. This case was deemed to not be part of freedom of speech and was decided to be against the US. (SCOTUS cases)

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The first amendment gives people freedom of religion, press, speech petition and assembly. (constitution)

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In this case there was an Amish father that wanted his son to work and do chores full time and school was getting in the way of this. In the end due to religious freedom it was ruled that after 8th grade a person of the Amish life-style has the option to not attend school. This has been in place ever since. (SCOTUS cases)

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Des v Moines Independent Community School District

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Des v Moines Independent Community School District

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This case decided that schools could not stop the suspicion that speech might disrupt learning but it has to have already happened. (SCOTUS cases)

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The argument in Engel v Vitale was whether it's okay to have a prayer in school. In the end it was ruled that it is unconstitutional for a state official or teacher to have an official school prayer. This case is a staple in history because it now makes sure schools don't impose any type of unwanted religious ideals on students. (SCOTUS cases)

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Civil rights deal with legal protection for the people therefore they're not in the bill of rights. For example a civil right is being able to vote. A civil liberty is a personal freedom protected by the bill of rights like freedom of speech. (constitutioncenter.org)

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The bill of rights are the first ten amendments in the constitution. The first 10 amendments outlines american rights. It guarantees civil rights and liberties. (constitution)