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George Miller, a psychologist, discovered the concept of information processing theory which states that our short-term memory can hold about seven items at once.

Ulric Neisser later expanded on this idea, saying that the brain first takes in information through the senses and then processes it through many

stages of thinking.

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This is how our brains take in, organize and remember information. It is kind of like how a computer works. Some tasks may seem more difficult than others. Information Processing is the framework how our brains manage information.

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Three types of Information Processing Systems

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Three types of Information Processing Systems

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1. Serial Processing- Your brain works on one thing at a time one step at a time in order.

2. Parallel Processing - Your brain handles multiple things at once. An example of this is listening to music while reading.

3. Hierarchical Processing - Your brain handles tasks in layers from easy to hard.

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Driving - Your brain helps you do many things at once- like seeing, hearing, and reacting so you can drive safely.

Learning a New Language - You're learning new words and practicing old ones at the same time.

Solving Problems - You start with small steps and build up to solve a big problem.

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What Are the Four Stages of Information Processing Theory?

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What Are the Four Stages of Information Processing Theory?

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1. Encoding - Your brain takes in information and gives it purpose.

2. Storage - Information in your memory and might transform to long term memory for later.

3. Retrieval - You bring stored information back when you need it.

4. Transformation - You change or use the information in a new way like solving a problem.

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How to improve your Information Processing Skills

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How to improve your Information Processing Skills

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Take notes.

Use pictures, charts or diagrams.

Remove distractions.

Use memory tools or group ideas to remember.

Break down tasks into smaller steps.

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Even though information processing theory is not perfect, it still helps us understand how we learn and solve problems. Teachers can use it to design lesson plans and to explain why some tasks are harder than others and how to make them easier.

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Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple intelligences suggest people can be intelligent in different ways not just how they think but how they move, feel and create.

He came up with 8 types of intelligence.

Visual-spatial

Linguistic verbal

Logical-mathematical

Body Kinesthetic

Musical

Interpersonal

Intrapersonal

Naturalistic

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This was added on to Gardner's 8 intelligences list. It focuses on philosophical questions like the meaning of life, death, and our purpose of world. People with this strength care about others and see the big picture beyond daily routines.