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John Locke - Who is he and what was the general influence?

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John Locke - Who is he and what was the general influence?

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John Locke was a Philosopher who lived from 1632-1704. He has his idea of the natural rights being implemented into the Declaration of Independence. Those Natural Rights are "Life, Liberty, and Property" but were then later changed to "Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Happiness" by Thomas Jefferson according to Wikipedia and the Constitutional Rights Foundation.

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Locke - His Idea correlating to the Declaration of Independence

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Locke - His Idea correlating to the Declaration of Independence

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The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy states "Locke proposed a radical conception of political philosophy deduced from the principle of self-ownership and the corollary right to own property, which in turn is based on his famous claim that a man earns ownership over a resource when he mixes his labour with it." Self Ownership could correlate with Life and Liberty as these rights are more centered towards the individual itself. The idea of property comes with the idea of labor, but the change to pursuit of happiness is based off this idea which an individual can gain happiness and live how they like as long as they don't do any illegal action or violate the rights of other individuals.

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John Locke - Second Treatise Chapters 1, 2, and 14

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John Locke - Second Treatise Chapters 1, 2, and 14

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Let's start with chapter 1. The main idea to this first chapter is all about the management of power and how the power should be used. The examples which are listed are those of "the power a parent wields over children or employers over employees ('a Master over his Servant') or conjugal power." The government has officials which carry a certain amount of power such as the president (Executive), senators, cabinet, Judicial Branch, and the Legislative Branch. The power is distributed evenly, which will also be further expressed in chapter 14.

For the next chapter, this is all about the natural laws which states that "God gave the earth to all of mankind". What this is saying is that basically all people were born with the same amount of freedom to do what they please. Although, if their personal rights are violated, they have the right to punish those who broke those laws. It's basically the Declaration of Independence's claim of the three laws which everyone is born with.

Chapter 14 (big jump from the previous two chapters) revolves around the uses of power in more depth to the political parties. The power which the executive branch has can "ensure the smooth process of legislation, but it ought never to overstep its bounds." The president has the power which is like the big man of senators and cabinet members, but that doesn't mean he/she (maybe we will get a female president one day) can surpass their fair share of power.

Info from the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

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John Locke - Treatises 1 and 2 point b: Reason and Violence (mostly violence)

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John Locke - Treatises 1 and 2 point b: Reason and Violence (mostly violence)

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It is stated that Locke's "definition of war" is "that it arises when declared by word or action and not a 'hasty' or a 'passionate' action". This is also correlated with a power which goes to Congress. In few occasions, the president has made the choice to go declare war with another country, but that doesn't necessarily mean that he makes that choice. Plus, there has to be reason with that choice as there would be no way that Congress would allow war just for no reason at all. Locke also states that "individuals possess the right of retaliation and defense against aggressors, who, by initiating force, thereby introduce a state of war". This is the reason which a war would start. They are in their defense mode, despite it being "an unjustifiable condition of violence and inequality that leads to enslavement."

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John Locke has his ideas which revolve mostly around the Declaration of Independence, but also has a few hints of influence around the branches and laws themselves.

His natural rights ideas are implemented within the Declaration written by the founding fathers, he addresses the distribution of power within individuals and about the way the law can but put into play.

Basically, his ideas were some which were like some of the main starting blocks to the United States of America (13 Colonies at the time of the Founding Fathers) and how the government would be run and what one of their tasks be as a government for those who they "rule" over.

AVOCADO by John Locke: "Being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions."

Sources used:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_contract
https://iep.utm.edu/locke-po/#SH5b
https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/stylistic-artistry-of-the-declaration
https://www.crf-usa.org/foundations-of-our-constitution/natural-rights.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life,_Liberty_and_the_pursuit_of_Happiness