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Subtopic three

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After a long day, you return home feeling even more overwhelmed than when you left. You decide to try therapy, hoping it will offer a solution. But with so many different approaches available, how do you know which one is right for you? And when you finally leave a session feeling lighter, with fewer negative thoughts clouding your mind, what made the difference? Was it therapy itself, or could factors such as gender, race, and socioeconomic status have shaped how you respond to it? Understanding how these social factors affect therapist success, especially for teens, can help us create more effective, personalized treatments .

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Therapy is something a lot of people need because they struggle mentally. This article looks at the results from therapy, to be more specific, it looks at how the results in therapy are different based on your gender, race, and your financial status.

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Subtopic one

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Therapy plays a crucial role in supporting individuals with mental health challenges, such as depression, anxiety, and chronic illness, by promoting emotional healing and improving overall well-being. It helps individuals open up, address underlying issues, and reduce the stigma surrounding mental health. Additionally, therapy fosters better relationships and acts as preventive care, addressing smaller concerns before they become larger problems. Ultimately, therapy is vital for enhancing mental health and life satisfaction.

Therapy plays a pivotal role for individuals facing mental health challenges, such as depression, chronic illness, anxiety, and anger. Through therapy, individuals are able to open up and work through their issues in a safe and supportive environment, promoting emotional healing and improving overall well-being. Beyond healing, therapy enhances relationships, reduces stigma around mental health, and serves as preventive care by addressing smaller issues before they escalate. This makes therapy an essential tool for improving mental health and life satisfaction.

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A lot of people would agree that therapy can help reduce pain, that you can get better sleep, it can improve communication, less stress, and increase happiness. Where people do not agree is when the cost comes around a lot of people can not afford it so they do not think it is all that great.

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Impact of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy on Depression and Intolerance of Uncertainty of Female Adolescents with academic Failure

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Impact of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy on Depression and Intolerance of Uncertainty of Female Adolescents with academic Failure

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Summarize; The article "Impact of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy on Depression and Intolerance of Uncertainty of Female Adolescents with academic Failure" by Bita Erfanifar et al. examines the effects of Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) on female adolescents, particularly in relation to mental health issues such as anxiety and depression. It highlights that IU can lead to increased emotional distress and maladaptive behaviors in this demographic. The research focuses on the effectiveness of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) as a targeted intervention for female adolescents facing academic challenges and psychological distress. SFBT emphasizes goal-setting, leveraging strengths, and fostering positive change, which can be particularly beneficial for young women dealing with societal pressures and expectations. The findings suggest that gender-sensitive therapeutic approaches, like SFBT, can enhance mental health outcomes and resilience among female adolescents, addressing their unique experiences and challenges.

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International Journal of Body, Mind and Culture

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Parents' Experiences of Family Therapy for Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa

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Parents' Experiences of Family Therapy for Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa

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Summarize; The article "Parents' Experiences of Family Therapy for Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa" by Lauren T. Williams et al. examines parents' experiences of family-based therapies for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN), focusing on both manualised family-based treatment (FBT) and non-manualised systemic family interventions. It highlights that the impact of AN extends beyond the individual, affecting the entire family dynamic. The study involved nine parents, predominantly mothers, who shared their insights on the therapeutic process and the role of health professionals. Key findings indicate that a strong therapeutic alliance between parents and clinicians is crucial for effective treatment. Parents reported varying experiences, with some feeling supported and understood, while others described clinicians as "cold" or "remote." The study emphasizes the importance of tailoring treatment to the unique circumstances, values, and cultural backgrounds of families, suggesting that both FBT and non-manualised approaches can be effective when adapted to individual needs. Overall, the research underscores the need for clinicians to engage parents as active participants in their child's recovery, recognizing their pivotal role in the treatment process.

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Merging Acceptance and Commitment Therapy with Exposure Exercises to Treat Social Anxiety in a Teen

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Merging Acceptance and Commitment Therapy with Exposure Exercises to Treat Social Anxiety in a Teen

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Summarize: The article "Merging Acceptance and Commitment Therapy with Exposure Exercises to Treat Social Anxiety in a Teen" by Caleb D. Farley and Michael P. Twohig presents a case study of a 16-year-old cisgender female, referred to as Mary, who was diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and treated at an outpatient clinic using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) combined with exposure therapy. Throughout the treatment, Mary engaged in various experiential exercises and role plays that helped her confront her anxiety and clarify her values. The therapy focused on teaching her acceptance, defusion, and present-moment awareness, which allowed her to recognize the futility of avoidance strategies. By the end of the treatment, Mary reported significant improvements in her social engagement, decreased anxiety, and enhanced well-being, demonstrating the effectiveness of ACT in addressing SAD in adolescents.

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Catherine Freer Wilderness Therapy Expeditions: An Exploratory Case Study of Adolescent Wilderness Therapy, Family Functioning, and the Maintenance of Change

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Catherine Freer Wilderness Therapy Expeditions: An Exploratory Case Study of Adolescent Wilderness Therapy, Family Functioning, and the Maintenance of Change

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Summarize: The article "Catherine Freer Wilderness Therapy Expeditions: An Exploratory Case Study of Adolescent Wilderness Therapy, Family Functioning, and the Maintenance of Change" by Nevin J. Harper et al. investigate the effects 21-day wilderness therapy program for adolescents with emotional, behavioral, and substance use issues. It highlights significant gender differences in presenting problems: females exhibited more severe mental health issues, while males faced greater challenges with drug and alcohol use and school performance. Following the therapy, both genders showed notable improvements in behavior and mental health two months post-treatment, although these changes did not translate into significant enhancements in family functioning. The study suggests that while wilderness therapy can lead to positive individual outcomes, more intentional family involvement may be necessary to address systemic family dynamics and sustain these changes over time. The findings underscore the importance of understanding gender-specific needs in therapeutic settings and the potential for wilderness therapy as an effective intervention for adolescents.

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Catherine Freer Wilderness Therapy Expeditions: An Exploratory Case Study of Adolescent Wilderness Therapy, Family Functioning, and the Maintenance of Change - Child & Youth Care Forum

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This exploratory longitudinal case study aimed to identify practical adolescent and family outcomes following participation in a 21-day wilderness therapy program for adolescents with emotional, behavioral, and substance use problems. Results showed gender differences in presenting issues pre-treatment, significant positive changes assessed two-months post-treatment in family functioning, and adolescent behavior and mental health issues. Twelve-month assessments showed maintenance of positive outcomes coupled with deterioration in some aspects of family functioning and drug and alcohol use. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

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These four therapies address key mental health issues in teens, but each takes a different approach and considers gender in unique ways. SFBT helps females with academic struggles, while family therapy focuses on body image and eating disorders in females. ACT treats social anxiety in both genders, adjusting for gender differences, and wilderness therapy addresses emotional and behavioral issues through outdoor activities, with different impacts for boys and girls. Understanding these differences is important for creating effective, gender-sensitive treatments for teens.

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R

All sources are reliable, all are academic journals, all are peer reviewed, authors are reliable.

A

The authors talk about other research, some conclude evidence from data chart based on experiments.

V

They would not gain anything by lying.

E

Does not specialize in therapy.

N

They talk about the evidence from the results.

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The four articles explore different therapeutic approaches for adolescent mental health, with a focus on gender, family involvement, and specific issues teens face. Source A discusses how Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) can lead to anxiety and depression in female adolescents, and highlights the effectiveness of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) in helping young women overcome these challenges by focusing on their strengths and setting goals. Source B emphasizes the role of parents, especially mothers, in the therapy of teens with anorexia nervosa (AN), showing that a strong therapeutic relationship between families and clinicians is crucial for effective treatment. Source C presents a case study of a 16-year-old girl with social anxiety disorder (SAD), showing how Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) helped her reduce anxiety and improve social engagement. Finally, Source D looks at the impact of a wilderness therapy program for adolescents with emotional, behavioral, and substance use issues, finding gender differences in the types of problems teens face and suggesting the need for more family involvement to maintain the positive changes from therapy. Together, the articles highlight the importance of gender-sensitive, family-centered, and personalized therapeutic approaches to effectively address adolescent mental health.

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Overall, the four articles show how important it is to have therapy that is sensitive to gender, includes families, and is personalized to help with the different mental health challenges teens face. Whether it's Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, family therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, or wilderness therapy, the studies highlight that therapy needs to be adjusted to each teen’s specific emotional, social, and behavioral issues. They also stress how gender and family play a big role in how well the treatment works.

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Subtopic two

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Inflexibly Enacted Traditional Masculinity Norms (IE-TMNs) and Their Impact on Adolescent and Young Adult Depression: The Hybrid Case Study of “Tommy”

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Inflexibly Enacted Traditional Masculinity Norms (IE-TMNs) and Their Impact on Adolescent and Young Adult Depression: The Hybrid Case Study of “Tommy”

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Summarize; The article "Inflexibly Enacted Traditional Masculinity Norms (IE-TMNs) and Their Impact on Adolescent and Young Adult Depression: The Hybrid Case Study of 'Tommy'" by Christopher Dewey highlights that masculinity norms can impede emotional expression, help-seeking behaviors, and the use of healthy coping strategies. Even though the article mostly mentions the psychological impact of IE-TMNs, it also acknowledges the intersectionality of race. Dewey talks about how the different racial and cultural backgrounds may influence how the masculinity norms are internalized and expressed. The author includes therapeutic approaches that incorporate an understanding of race and cultural context. It helps young men develop more flexible identities and improve their mental health outcome. He advocates for culturally sensitive therapeutic approaches that recognize the intersection of race and masculinity, the article talks about the importance of considering race in discussions about masculinity and mental health.

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Inflexibly Enacted Traditional Masculinity Norms (IE-TMNs) and Their Impact on Adolescent and Young Adult Depression: The Hybrid Case Study of “Tommy” | Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy

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The purpose of this study is to explore and discuss the effects of inflexibly enacted traditional masculinity norms (IE-TMNs) on adolescent and young adult males with depression and how to address such issues in therapy. This study provides a literature review of the subject of IE-TMNs and how such a worldview holds a potentially negative influence and impact on the physical and mental health of boys and young men. Specifically, the study aims to highlight how these beliefs, attributes, and values influence the extent to which these individuals seek help, express emotion, and utilize healthy coping skills when experiencing depressive symptoms and how such behaviors can be addressed in therapy. Treatment considerations are explored through the hybrid case example of “Tommy,” a depiction of a depressed college freshman following IE-TMNs while going through a difficult life transition. A fictional case, Tommy serves as a composite character informed by real life psychotherapy cases and clinical examples found in relevant literature. Tommy’s course of treatment depicts potential clinical issues that could come up when working with a depressed male client with strong internalized masculinity norms and how some of these themes can be adequately addressed to create a more flexible masculine identity. Through use of a qualitative, disciplined inquiry approach, I explore therapeutic interventions that could be utilized to meet the unique needs of such a client within the context of historical, contextual, and cultural factors. Tommy’s case material is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively in accordance with the pragmatic case study research format (Fishman, 2013). The hybrid case of Tommy explores how client-centered therapy, motivational interviewing, harm reduction interventions, and cognitive-behavioral interventions can be integrated to assist adolescent boys and young men with strongly internalized and rigid beliefs about masculinity, while also utilizing Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory to explore the proximal and distal factors in one’s environment that contribute to such a worldview. The hybrid case study of Tommy is designed to serve as a resource for therapists working with clients with IE-TMNs and provides guidance about how to alter unhelpful coping strategies; increase emotional expression and help-seeking behaviors; and explore personal beliefs, goals, and values. This case study concludes with a critical discussion of future directions for research on this topic, as well as the advantages and limitations of the hybrid case study design.

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A family‐based weight loss randomized controlled trial for youth with intellectual disabilities.

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A family‐based weight loss randomized controlled trial for youth with intellectual disabilities.

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A family‐based weight loss randomized controlled trial for youth with intellectual disabilities.

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Summarize; The article "A family-based wright loss randomized controlled trial for youth with intellectual disabilities" by Linda G. Bandini et al. focuses on a sample that was twenty-six participants being white, with one participant identifying as Hispanic or Latino. The intervention in the article demonstrated significant weight loss among participants who received immediate family-based behavioral intervention. The study highlights the effectiveness of therapy that involves family support in promoting healthy lifestyle changes for youth with ID. However, the study's latch of diversity in race and ethnicity makes it harder to apple the results to a wider group of people. Finally, the authors suggest removing barriers to participation in future studies so that more diverse people can be included.

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The Use of Adventure Therapy in Community-Based Mental Health: Decreases in Problem Severity Among Youth Clients.

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The Use of Adventure Therapy in Community-Based Mental Health: Decreases in Problem Severity Among Youth Clients.

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Summarize; The article "The Use of Adventure Therapy in Community-Based Mental Health: Decreases in Problem Severity Among Youth Clients"" by Anita R. Tucker et al. examines the effectiveness of adventure therapy (AT) in reducing problem severity among youth in community mental health settings. The study found that AT, when combined with psychological counseling, led to significant improvements in mental health outcomes, particularly for African American and female participants. African American youth who engaged in AT showed greater decreases in problem severity compared to their peers receiving only traditional counseling, highlighting the potential of AT to address disparities in mental health service access and effectiveness. The findings suggest that AT may be a promising therapeutic modality for diverse youth populations, particularly those facing systemic barriers in mental health care.

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The Use of Adventure Therapy in Community-Based Mental Health: Decreases in Problem Severity Among Youth Clients - Child & Youth Care Forum

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Background There is an increasing need to identify effective mental health treatment practices for children and adolescents in community-based settings, due to current mixed findings of existing interventions. This study looked at adventure therapy (AT) as a viable option to meet this need. Objective Using a sample of 1,135 youth from a community-based mental health center, this study addressed the following questions: (1) Is AT an effective treatment modality for youth compared to traditional counseling? (2) How do changes in problem severity associated with participation in AT-based interventions compare with those associated with traditional counseling across gender, age, primary diagnosis, and race? (3) What are the predictors of changes in problem severity in clients? Methods In this exploratory non-equivalent groups quasi-experimental design study, pre- and post- mean scores of problem severity as reported by youth’s primary clinician were compared by type of treatment and client characteristics. Treatment and client characteristics were used as predictors of changes in problem severity. Findings Participants in AT had significant reported mean decreases in problem severity larger than those of clients not involved in counseling with an adventure component with larger decreases in female and African American clients. AT and psychological counseling were found to be significant predictors of decreases in problem severity; however, length of counseling, not length of AT, was a significant predictor. Discussion These findings suggest that community-based AT may be a viable treatment for youth in community settings; yet these findings should be interpreted with caution due to several study limitations.

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Article 1 is more focused on the misdiagnosis and treatment disparities among specific racial groups such as African Americans and Latinos. Article 2 looks at broader social determinants of health and how these affect racial minorities in general, without narrowing down on specific racial groups. Article 3 centers specifically on the experiences of children and the development of racial identity, which is less of a focus in the other two articles.

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R

All sources are reliable, all are academic journals, all are peer reviewed, authors are reliable.

A

The authors talk about other research, some conclude evidence from data chart based on experiments.

V

They would not gain anything by lying.

E

Does not specialize in therapy.

N

They talk about the evidence from the results.

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Christopher Dewey’s study (Source A) explores how traditional masculinity norms, especially in the context of race and culture, affect young men’s emotional expression, help-seeking behavior, and coping with depression. He argues for culturally sensitive therapy to better support young men from diverse backgrounds. Similarly, Bandini et al. (Source B) studied a family-based weight loss program for youth with intellectual disabilities, showing that family involvement helped participants lose weight, but the lack of racial diversity in the study raises concerns about its applicability to all groups. They recommend including more diverse participants in future research to ensure interventions work for everyone. Lastly, Anita R. Tucker’s research (Source C) highlights the benefits of adventure therapy (AT) for youth, particularly African American participants, who showed significant improvements in mental health compared to those receiving traditional therapy. The study also found positive results for female participants, suggesting that both race and gender should be considered in therapy. All three studies emphasize the importance of tailoring interventions to address the unique cultural, racial, and gender-based needs of diverse youth populations for more effective outcomes.

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Overall, these articles show how important it is to think about race, culture, and social factors when creating therapy programs. Whether it's dealing with how masculinity norms are internalized, helping kids with healthy lifestyle changes, or using new therapies like adventure therapy to improve mental health, the research highlights that these approaches need to be inclusive and sensitive to different cultures. By understanding and addressing these different needs, mental health programs can work better and help more young people from different backgrounds.

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Burden associated with Fabry disease and its treatment in 12-15 year olds: results from a European survey.

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Burden associated with Fabry disease and its treatment in 12-15 year olds: results from a European survey.

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Summarize: The article "Burden associated with Fabry disease and its treatment in 12-15 year olds: results from a European survey" by Lisa Bashorum et al. explores the substantial symptom burden faced by adolescents with Fabry Disease (FD), emphasizing its impact on their quality of life and mental health. Through an online survey of 14 adolescents aged 12-15 years across three European countries, the study identified pain and intolerance to temperature extremes as common symptoms. While most participants (11 out of 14) were receiving enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), which provided some symptom relief, many still reported significant ongoing challenges. Caregivers also experienced emotional and financial strains, including feelings of guilt and productivity loss, underscoring the broader societal implications of the disease. The findings highlight the necessity for tailored treatment options and additional support for both patients and their families, as current therapies do not fully address the complexities of managing FD.

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Burden associated with Fabry disease and its treatment in 12–15 year olds: results from a European survey - Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases

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Background Fabry Disease (FD) is a rare X-linked metabolic lysosomal disorder. FD has a broad range of symptoms which vary markedly between patients. The heterogenous nature of the disease makes diagnosis difficult for health care professionals (HCPs), which in turn has a significant effect on the patient’s quality of life (QoL). As few adolescent patients are eligible for treatment, to date there has been little published data on the burden of disease and impact of treatment on these patients and their caregivers. This study was developed to provide some insight into these groups. Methods An online-based survey was performed to gather further insights on the burden of FD in 14 adolescents aged 12–15 years old across three European countries, from the perspective of the patients, caregivers and HCPs. Results Symptom burden was found to be high in the adolescent population, with ‘pain’ and ‘intolerance to heat or cold’ commonly reported symptoms, both by patients and to HCPs. Eleven of the 14 patients surveyed were receiving enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), with their post-ERT symptomology showing improvement when compared to symptoms before receiving ERT. The majority of caregivers believe their child’s overall health has improved since starting ERT. While there was a positive outlook towards ERT noted by the patients and caregivers, 4/5 HCPs believed there is ‘a need for more efficacious treatment options’ and all HCPs noted that there is ‘a need for more manageable treatment options’. FD was shown to place a burden on caregivers, who reported feelings of guilt and absences from work. Conclusions Data show there is a significant symptom burden for the adolescent, which affects their QoL and mental health, as well as placing a burden on the wider family. While ERT is an effective treatment and provides symptom relief for many of the respondents in the survey, they still reported symptom burden. Additionally, there was reporting of reluctance to engage in treatment or difficulties associated with the treatment. Heterogeneity in symptom presentation suggests that the treatment regimen needs to be tailored to the individual. Physicians therefore need to have a choice of treatment options available to help them manage symptoms and disease where the benefit to risk ratio is in favour of undergoing treatment.

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Ethical Family Therapy: Speaking the Language of the Other

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Ethical Family Therapy: Speaking the Language of the Other

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Summarize: The article "Ethical Family Therapy: Speaking the Language of the Other" by Glenn Larner examines the ethical dimensions of family therapy, emphasizing the importance of respecting clients' narratives and cultural contexts. The article presents a case study of a teenager named Clare, who struggled with depression and negative self-perceptions, highlighting the therapist's role in creating a supportive environment for her to express her feelings through art and conversation. While Clare's financial status is not explicitly discussed, the therapy focused on improving her relationships and emotional well-being without resorting to medication, ultimately aiding her in successfully completing her final examinations. The paper underscores the necessity of empathy and ethical responsibility in fostering a collaborative therapeutic relationship, which is essential for effective treatment outcomes in family therapy.

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The baby in the room: group supervision on an adolescent girls therapy group

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The baby in the room: group supervision on an adolescent girls therapy group

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Summarize: The article "The baby in the room: group supervision on an adolescent girls therapy group" by Paul Geltner explores the emotional dynamics within a therapy group for adolescent girls, particularly focusing on a member's fear of pregnancy and the countertransference reactions from the therapist and supervisor. The group, led by a young Latina therapist, aimed to alleviate the isolation experienced by the girls and facilitate deeper emotional expression. As the due date of one member approached, the group grappled with conflicting feelings about motherhood, highlighting the complexities of desire and fear. The article underscores the critical role of group supervision in navigating these emotional challenges and finding curative communications that meet the therapeutic needs of the participants. While financial status is not explicitly discussed, the socioeconomic backgrounds of the girls likely influence their emotional experiences and perceptions of motherhood, adding another layer to their therapeutic journey.

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PEP | Read - The Baby in the Room: Group Supervision on an Adolescent Girls Therapy Group

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A Psychoanalytic Library at your fingertips

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When comparing the three articles—Burden Associated with Fabry Disease and its Treatment in 12-15 Year Olds, Ethical Family Therapy: Speaking the Language of the Other, and The Baby in the Room: Group Supervision on an Adolescent Girls Therapy Group it's clear that they all focus on the emotional struggles of adolescents, but each looks at it from a different angle. The Fabry Disease article (Source A) talks about how living with a chronic illness like Fabry disease causes both physical pain and emotional stress for teens, while also creating financial burdens for their families due to treatment costs. In contrast, the Ethical Family Therapy article (Source B) focuses on how therapists help teens deal with emotional issues, stressing the importance of empathy and understanding, and how financial problems can limit access to therapy. The Baby in the Room (Source C) takes a different approach by exploring how group therapy helps adolescent girls express complex emotions, like fear of pregnancy, and how their social and economic backgrounds shape these feelings. While the Fabry Disease and Baby in the Room articles deal with specific issues health problems and social dynamic the Ethical Family Therapy article focuses on the therapist's role in understanding the bigger picture of a teen’s emotional world. Together, the articles show how health, emotional challenges, and financial issues all play a role in the lives of adolescents, though they each focus on different ways to address these struggles.

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R

All sources are reliable, all are academic journals, all are peer reviewed, authors are reliable.

A

The authors talk about other research, some conclude evidence from data chart based on experiments.

V

They would not gain anything by lying.

E

Does not specialize in therapy.

N

They talk about the evidence from the results.

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A European study (Source A) on adolescents with Fabry Disease found that while enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) helps manage some symptoms, many teens still face significant challenges like pain and temperature sensitivity, affecting their quality of life. Caregivers also experience emotional and financial strain, including lost productivity and travel costs for treatment. This highlights the need for better treatment and support for both patients and families. In family therapy, as discussed by Glenn Larner (Source B), understanding the client's personal story and background is essential for effective treatment. He shares a case where therapy helped a teenager named Clare with depression and self-esteem issues, emphasizing empathy and ethical responsibility. Larner also notes that financial constraints can impact access to therapy and treatment outcomes. Finally, in a therapy group for adolescent girls (Source C), the emotional dynamics around one girl's fear of pregnancy reveal how complex feelings about motherhood are shaped by both personal and socioeconomic factors. The article shows that group therapy, along with supervision, can help address these challenges and provide emotional support. Together, these sources highlight how health conditions, emotional struggles, and financial difficulties all intersect in adolescent therapy.

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Overall, the three articles all look at the emotional and social challenges faced by teens, and how therapy and support systems can help. The Fabry Disease article talks about how teens with a rare disease deal with physical pain, temperature sensitivity, and emotional struggles, even with treatment, while their families face financial and emotional stress. The Ethical Family Therapy article highlights the importance of understanding and supporting teens like Clare, who struggle with depression, through empathetic therapy that doesn’t rely on medication. The Baby in the Room article focuses on a therapy group for girls, exploring how their fears and emotions, like worries about pregnancy, are addressed in group therapy. Together, these articles show how health, emotional, and financial issues all affect teens, and the need for personalized treatment and a supportive environment to help them cope.

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Looking ahead, it's important to keep working on mental health programs that are more inclusive, culturally aware, and affordable, especially for teens dealing with issues related to gender, race, and financial status. The articles suggest that therapy should be personalized to meet the unique needs of each teen, taking into account things like gender, family situations, cultural backgrounds, and financial struggles. Future research and treatment should look deeper into how these factors overlap to make sure mental health services are not one-size-fits-all but instead cater to each teen’s individual experiences. There’s also a need to make mental health care more affordable, since financial stress can make things harder for both teens and their families. By creating therapy that is gender-sensitive, culturally competent, and affordable, future mental health programs can better help teens handle the challenges they face. Therapists should also be trained to understand the different struggles that come with various socioeconomic backgrounds so they can offer the best care possible. In the end, these changes could lead to fairer mental health outcomes for young people, helping them build emotional strength and well-being.

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The efficacy of traditional talk therapy for teens is shaped by social factors such as gender, race, and socioeconomic status, which contribute to disparities in therapeutic engagement and outcomes.

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In conclusion, therapy remains a critical component in managing and overcoming mental health challenges, from anxiety and depression to chronic illness. It not only provides emotional healing and improved relationships but also helps reduce societal stigma and acts as a preventive measure for potential future struggles. By addressing these issues early, therapy can significantly enhance life satisfaction and contribute to long-term well-being. Thus, understanding its effectiveness, particularly in how social factors influence its outcomes, is vital for maximizing its benefits.

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While the articles offer useful insights into how gender, race, and financial status affect teens' mental health, there are some limitations to consider. First, many of the studies use small sample sizes, like the European survey on Fabry disease, which only had 14 participants. This makes it harder to apply the findings to a larger group of teens. Also, the articles mostly focus on specific therapies or conditions, and don’t give a full picture of all the mental health issues teens might face. For example, even though the articles talk about the importance of gender and culturally sensitive therapy, they don’t go into detail about how to apply these ideas on a larger scale in different communities. Some of the articles also don’t discuss how financial status affects access to therapy, which is an important issue. Lastly, while the articles stress the need for personalized treatment, they don’t provide much follow-up or long-term data to see how well these therapies work in the long run. These limitations show that more research is needed to better understand how these factors come together and impact teen mental health.

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Moving forward, it's important to keep improving mental health programs that are inclusive, personalized, and sensitive to the challenges teens face based on their gender, race, and financial status. As the articles suggest, therapy shouldn’t be the same for everyone. It needs to adjust to each teen’s specific needs, considering things like gender, culture, and financial situation. Future research should include a more diverse group of teens and look into how these factors influence mental health. This will help create better therapy programs that are both culturally aware and affordable. Mental health professionals also need to be trained to understand how social and emotional factors affect each teen's experiences. By focusing on a holistic approach that involves families, gender-sensitive treatment, and cultural awareness, we can build stronger support systems to help teens deal with their struggles. This way, we can help teens become more emotionally resilient and improve their overall mental health.

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The efficacy of traditional talk therapy for teens is shaped by social factors such as gender, race, and socioeconomic status, which contribute to disparities in therapeutic engagement and outcomes.

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(Erfanifar, B., Fatehi, M., & Bolghan-Abadi, M. (2024). Impact of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy on Depression and Intolerance of Uncertainty of Female Adolescents with Academic Failure. International Journal of Body, Mind & Culture (2345-5802), 11(4), 357–367. https://doi.org/10.22122/ijbmc.v11i4.728)(Williams, L. T., Wood, C., & Plath, D. (2020). Parents’ Experiences of Family Therapy for Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa. Australian Social Work, 73(4), 408–419. https://doi.org/10.1080/0312407X.2019.1702707)(Farley, C. D., & Twohig, M. P. (2024). Merging Acceptance and Commitment Therapy with Exposure Exercises to Treat Social Anxiety in a Teen. Clinical Case Studies, 23(3), 186–200. https://doi.org/10.1177/15346501231217745)(Harper, N. J., Russell, K. C., Cooley, R., & Cupples, J. (2007). Catherine Freer Wilderness Therapy Expeditions: An Exploratory Case Study of Adolescent Wilderness Therapy, Family Functioning, and the Maintenance of Change. Child & Youth Care Forum, 36(2/3), 111–129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-007-9035-1)

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Articles Used - APA cited (links to ebsco) 

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Articles Used - APA cited (links to ebsco) 

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(Dewey, C. (2020). Inflexibly Enacted Traditional Masculinity Norms (IE-TMNs) and Their Impact on Adolescent and Young Adult Depression: The Hybrid Case Study of “Tommy.” PCSP: Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy, 16(3), 237–304. https://doi.org/10.14713/pcsp.v16i3.2077)(Bandini, L. G., Eliasziw, M., Dittrich, G. A., Curtin, C., Maslin, M., Must, A., Boutelle, K. N., & Fleming, R. K. (2021). A family‐based weight loss randomized controlled trial for youth with intellectual disabilities. Pediatric Obesity, 16(11), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12816)(Tucker, A., Javorski, S., Tracy, J., & Beale, B. (2013). The Use of Adventure Therapy in Community-Based Mental Health: Decreases in Problem Severity Among Youth Clients. Child & Youth Care Forum, 42(2), 155–179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-012-9190-x)

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(Bashorum, L., McCaughey, G., Evans, O., Humphries, A. C., Perry, R., & MacCulloch, A. (2022). Burden associated with Fabry disease and its treatment in 12-15 year olds: results from a European survey. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 17(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-022-02417-3)(Larner, G. (2015). Ethical Family Therapy: Speaking the Language of the Other. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 36(4), 434–449. https://doi.org/10.1002/anzf.1131)(Gelner, P. (2010). The baby in the room: group supervision on an adolescent girls therapy group. Modern Psychoanalysis, 35(2), 205–218.)