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A. What type of tactile information do they detect? Find an example.

B. Who discovered them? How?

C. In which layer of the skin are they located? Why is this important?

D. How would you describe the sensitivity of this receptor? Perhaps in relation to other receptors?

E. How is the physical energy actually detected by this receptor?

F. Find a specific example of when each of these receptors would be triggered.

G. Any other interesting facts or findings?

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nociceptors are sensory receptors which fire in response to damaged cells

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it is able to detect differences in temperature 

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it is able to detect differences in temperature 

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Their function is to detect skin stretch, joint activity, and warmth.

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1. they detect fine detail by moving fingers, such as reading braille

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Thermoreceptors are a type of skin receptor that allows someone to feel temperatures such as hot and cold.

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tactile stimuli trigger serotonin release

merkel discs are very sensitive to skin indentation, pressure, hair movement and other general tactile stimuli

discovered in 1875 by Freidrich Merkel

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2. Discovered by Filippo Pacini in the 1830s

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3. located deep within the dermis

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There are two different thermoreceptors in your body: One that feels cold and the other that feels warmth.

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The Merkel’s disc, detects the stimulus touching the skin and is constantly firing action potentials. Usually tuned to detect intricate details such as the bumps on a coin. Merkel’s disc was discovered by Freidrich Merkel in 1875. He discovered them by finding these cells at high density in the paws of rats and described them as ‘touch cells’. They are located between the dermis and the epidermis, they are really important so that we can identify the most intricate details by the sense of touch and most importantly they are responsible for fingerprint pattern we have on our hands and feet. In terms of the sensitivity, as it is a pretty thin layer, they are highly sensitive to skin indentation, pressure, hair movement and other gentle touch stimuli which makes them a very sensitive area with the slightest bit of touch.

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Pacinian Corpuscle detects tactile information such as pressure and vibrations.

Pacinian Corpuscles were first reported in 1741 by German anatomist and botanist Abraham Vater and his student, Johannes Gottlieb Lehmann. These receptors were then rediscovered and named after Filippo Pacini, in 1835.

They are located in the subcutaneous tissue, which is deep within the dermis.

They are especially sensitive to vibrations, which they can sense from centimetres away.

These work by transducing mechanical pressure into a generator potential, which is a type of neural impulse.

These get triggered when the skin is rapidly indented but not when the pressure is steady

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Thermoreceptors are specialised cells located in the sense organs (specifically the skin, body core, and part of the brain) that are sensitive to temperiture.

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Which layer of skin are thermoreceptors located in?

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Which layer of skin are thermoreceptors located in?

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Thermoreceptors are located in the dermis part of the skin, which respond to many types of nerve endings. These nerve endings are important because they respond to changed in temperiture

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Instead of just one person discovering thermoreceptors, it was several people over the course of that that discovered this. Hermann von Helmohotz discovered the basics of understanding sensory receptors, which had included thermoreceptors in the 19th century.

John Paul von Gierke had then later conducted studies on sensory nerve fibres and how they were involved in temperiture sensation

David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian then identified the specific receptors that were included with helping thermosensation (e.g. TRPM8 and TRPV1) in the 21st century.