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What is the salad bowl theory and how does it differ from the melting pot idea?

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What is the salad bowl theory and how does it differ from the melting pot idea?

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The salad bowl theory proposes a heterogeneous (diverse) society in which different cultural identities coexist while maintaining the unique characteristics of their culture.

In a salad, all the ingredients are together in a bowl, but it is possible to identify the different ingredients, while in a melting pot all the ingredients mix or 'melt' together into a single mixture.

The difference with the melting pot theory is that cultures retain the characteristics of their culture, where in the melting pot theory different cultures mix into a single undefined identity.

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What does the term melting pot mean in relation to American society?

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What does the term melting pot mean in relation to American society?

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Like a melting pot all the ingredients mix together to form a single substance. Like America, people from diverse cultural, ethnic, racial and religious background blend together and form a national identity which is diverse and unified.

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Schoolhouse Rock - ''The Great American Melting Pot''

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What is Manifest Destiny, and when did it emerge as a concept?

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What is Manifest Destiny, and when did it emerge as a concept?

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Manifest Destiny is a term that refers to the belief that the United States was destined, by God, to expand its territory across North America. It was used in 1620 by the Puritans who disembarked in Massachusetts , they believed that they were establishing The new Israel.

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How did religious beliefs, including the idea of America as “God’s chosen nation”, shape this concept 

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How did religious beliefs, including the idea of America as “God’s chosen nation”, shape this concept 

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The religious beliefs gave the Americans the “right” for territorial expansion not as an act of imperialism but as a duty to fulfill God’s plan. It justified displacement of indigenous peoples as part of a higher moral purpose.

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How did the idea of the melting pot emerge, and what role did immigration play in it?

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How did the idea of the melting pot emerge, and what role did immigration play in it?

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Gained popularity in the late 19th and early 20th centuries during mass immigration waves.

Immigrants from Europe, Asia, and Latin America contributed to cultural fusion.

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What are the advantages and disadvantages of a melting pot society?

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What are the advantages and disadvantages of a melting pot society?

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How does the salad bowl metaphor describe cultural diversity in the United States?

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How does the salad bowl metaphor describe cultural diversity in the United States?

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As stated in the salad bowl theory, the people of the US are brought together, however they do not mix with each other. Examples of this beeing the ethnic enclaves, such as:

1. Chinatowns

2. Cubantown

3. Japantown

4. Hmongtown

5. Koreatown

6. Irishtown

7. Etc.

This shows that they do indeed live together, they just exist separately.

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What are examples of multiculturalism in American society that reflect the salad bowl concept?

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What are examples of multiculturalism in American society that reflect the salad bowl concept?

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New York seperated by race/ethnicity

China Town - celebrate chineese New Year

Little Odessa - mostly russian-speaking

Little India - many south asians

Mexicans - celebrate Day of the Dead

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How does the chocolate fondue metaphor compare to  the salad bowl concept?

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How does the chocolate fondue metaphor compare to  the salad bowl concept?

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In comparison to the chocolate fondue metaphor, the salad bowl analogy gives off a rather cold and incohesive atmosphere. A salad bowl would entail that the components (cultures) are separate and independent from each other and only really come together when being mentioned under one name, in this case, USA. On the contrary, chocolate fondue presents a warm feeling with an inclusion of different backgrounds, as mentioned in Timothy Taylor’s example with the cultures being compared to fruit. The fondue suggests that all citizens should be seen as one under the chocolate cover that is the American identity, regardless of what lies underneath.

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Advantages:

• Diversity

• many cultures/ languages

• wide spectrum of imigrants helped build the USA (factories/customs)

• "land of hope" -> acceptance

Disadvantages:
• discrimination
• racism
• marginalization
• Poverty
• overpopulation
• religious/racial wars
• loss of tradition

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How did the idea of Manifest Destiny justify territorial expansion in the 19th centuary?

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How did the idea of Manifest Destiny justify territorial expansion in the 19th centuary?

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Manifest Destiny was the idea that Americans (people from Europe) had the right to expand across north America and was used to rationalize the annexation of Texas, the Oregon Trail, and the Mexican-American War. It promoted the spread of democracy and "civilization".

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What is meant by the term frontier spirit

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What is meant by the term frontier spirit

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mindset and values associated with exploring and settling new territories

Often linked to qualities such as: courage determination, self reliance, innovation and adaptability, optimism and hope, freedom and independence

Comes from the western expansion in the USA

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How did the frontier shape the development of the United States?

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How did the frontier shape the development of the United States?

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economic growth - opened land for farming

Mining and industry

Encouraged settlement

democratic ideals

Fostered independence

Self reliance and local governance

Technological and infrastructural expansion Led to innovations like transcontinental railroad

Cultural and social evolution Mixed diverse groups shaping American identity

Native American displacement forced removals and conflicts such as the Indian wars

Manifest destiny justified west ward expansion and territorial acquisitions

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What role did the frontier spirit play in westward expansion ant the settlement of new territories?

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What role did the frontier spirit play in westward expansion ant the settlement of new territories?

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encourage exploration and risk taking

Promoted self reliance and independence

Justified expansion through manifest destiny

Led to innovation and infrastructure development

Encouraged democratic ideals

Caused Native American displacement

Created a unique American identity

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What values does the frontier spirit represent in today’s society?

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What values does the frontier spirit represent in today’s society?

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Americans continue to value independence and self-determination

Innovation, entrepreneurship, and risk-taking (e.g., tech industry, space exploration)

Spirit of exploration (e.g. NASA, SpaceX)

The idea of perseverance and overcoming challenges

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Historical examples if the melting pot in action

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Historical examples if the melting pot in action

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The Ellis Island and Immigration Waves (late 19th and early 20th centuries) -> entry point for European immigrants, leading to them sharing cultures and traditions

The Harlem Renaissance (1920s) -> movement in NewYork lead to blending African and American heritage

WWII and the Cold War era promoted national unity among diverse groups.

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Are there modern parallels to Manifest Destiny in U:S foreign or domestic policies? 

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Are there modern parallels to Manifest Destiny in U:S foreign or domestic policies? 

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Many Americans believe that Space exploration is the next big step of expanding into new territories. SpaceX for example promotes the idea of colonizing Mars.

The USA often believes it is their duty to promote democracy in other countries, as they believe it is the most peaceful way. An example of this the Iraq war, were the USA fought to overrule the dictator and establish democracy in the country.

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The American Dream is a dream of promises and expectations consisting of different elements: progress, success, Manifest Destiny, Frontier Spirit, equality, liberty and cultural pluralism.

The opportunity for EVERYONE (equal opportunities) to "make it" in life.

The vision of America as the country of milk and honey.

Americans are bound to suceed because it is God's will.

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Reasons the American Dream is unattainable form many Americans:

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Reasons the American Dream is unattainable form many Americans:

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The American Dream is defined by financial success, materialism and consumption = bar is set too high/ unrealistic

widening gap between rich and poor grows --> very difficult for the poor to get out of the cycle of poverty (economic growth and tax cuts benefit those that are already wealthy)

cycle of poverty starts early (e.g. some schools aren't well-funded--> lack in quality of education)

financial insecurities, lack of financial support

financial success often depends on inherited/ generational wealth, rather than hard work

student debt sends many back in life (that don't profit from generational wealth)

debt is a huge hurdle in attaining the American Dream

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is also about achieving a higher quality of life for everyone, but: focuses less on material things and more on quality of life (over quantity) as well as fairness

improvement of the Old American Dream--> focus is on financial security, community, health, non-materialistic values (friendship, family etc.)

promotes a society were people have the freedom and resources to pursue their dreams without harming the planet or exploiting others

Based on 5 factors: higher quality of life (non-mterial values), environmental sustainability, social and economic fairness, equal opportunities

Advertisemnets should be less predatory and more informative/ transparent

is about NOT promoting over-consumption