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The Civil War began when Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina. After 34 hours of bombardment, Union forces surrendered the fort, marking the start of four years of conflict. This battle, though resulting in no casualties, sparked the beginning of America's bloodiest war.

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Manassas National Battlefield Park, Virginia

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The first major land battle of the Civil War took place near Manassas, Virginia. Confederate forces under Beauregard defeated Union troops led by McDowell. This battle showed both sides that the war would not be won quickly, crushing hopes of a short conflict.

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The bloodiest single-day battle in American military history occurred near Sharpsburg, Maryland. Over 23,000 soldiers were killed or wounded. The Union victory gave President Lincoln the political strength to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.

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Gettysburg National Military Park, Pennsylvania

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The turning point of the Civil War, this three-day battle resulted in around 50,000 casualties. The Union victory stopped Robert E. Lee's invasion of the North. The battle ended with Pickett's Charge, a failed Confederate assault that marked the beginning of the end for the South.

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Vicksburg National Military Park, Mississippi

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After a 47-day siege, Confederate forces surrendered Vicksburg to Union General Ulysses S. Grant. This victory gave the Union control of the Mississippi River, splitting the Confederacy in two and marking a crucial strategic achievement.

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January 1, 1863: Emancipation Proclamation Announced

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January 1, 1863: Emancipation Proclamation Announced

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President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation from the White House, declaring slaves in rebel states to be free. This transformed the character of the Civil War, making it explicitly a fight against slavery as well as for the Union.

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Appomattox Court House National Historical Park, Virginia

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April 9, 1865: Surrender at Appomattox Court House

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April 9, 1865: Surrender at Appomattox Court House

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Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia. This surrender effectively ended the Civil War. Grant offered generous terms, allowing Confederate soldiers to return home with their private horses and mules.

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President Abraham Lincoln was shot by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theatre while watching a play called 'Our American Cousin.' This tragic event occurred just five days after Lee's surrender at Appomattox. Lincoln died the next morning at the Petersen House across the street.