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"But thy eternal summer shall not fade"

He is comparing her beauty to the summer saying they are both eternal and will not go away.

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"Thou art more lovely and more temperate"

He compares her personality to a summer day that is lovely and temperate meaning she is nice and sweet.

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"Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines"
He is comparing her look to heavan.

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"Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, and summer's lease hath all too short to date."

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He compares her beauty to flower buds blowing in the wind, and that their time spent together is far too short.

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"And often is his gold complexion dimmed"
He is comparing the woman's natural look to gold.

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"So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, so long lives this, and this gives life to thee."

He is comparing that summer will always happen to, in her life she will always be loved and beautiful.

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"By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed; But thy eternal summer shall not fade"

Comparing her to seasonal change meaning there will be changes or problems but what they have shouldn't parish.