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Born 384 BCE, Aristotle was a Greek philosopher who became an expert in almost every subject of human knowledge. He was known as "the man who knew everything" or "The Master" throughout his life and was famous for his ideas and inventions, such as the concept of metaphysics.

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The printing press was invented in 1450 by German goldsmith Johaness Gutenberg. This invention was huge because it allowed information to be recorded and spread much more quickly than before. This made reading and writing much cheaper and more efficient.

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Born 1473, Polish astronomer Copernicus was the first to propose the idea that the Sun is the center of the solar system, and that all planets orbit around it instead of the Earth. He also offered the idea that the Earth turns around its own axis once a day.

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Heliocentric theory, first proposed by Copernicus in 1543, is the idea that the sun is the center of the solar system or the universe, with the Earth and other planets orbiting around it.

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Born 1561, Francis Bacon was known as one of the founders of the scientific revolution. He believed that truth came from evidence found in the real world, not through the ideas and imaginations of people. He turned this into the scientific method, which is still used today to prove theories about the universe.

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Born 1571, Johannes Kepler was a German astronomer and mathematician who discovered the three main laws of planetary motion by tracking the path of different planets orbits around the sun using math. The main thing he realized was that the planets orbits are not perfect circles but are elliptical.

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Born 1596, Rene Descartes was a French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician who invented analytical geometry and integrated skepticism into the scientific method. He is regarded as one of the greatest philosophers in history.

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Born 1642, Isaac Newton is most famous for inventing his three laws of motion. An object won't move without a force acting upon it, the force of an object is the mass times the acceleration, and when two objects interact the forces they are applying to each other is the same. He also theorized that white light was composed of all colors of the light spectrum.

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The scientific revolution was the period where several new concepts describing the world were made. It helped people think more freely which led to new theories and inventions being introduced. A lot of old ideas that were accepted as fact were challenged, which caused people to think differently.