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Something to consider : do we need to think about the patient's underlying condition such as renal function/ liver function when giving a loading dose? Or body weight? If so why??

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Potassium/Magnesium
Class: electrolytes
MOA:
maintains electrolyte gradient keeping specific concentrations inside and outside the cells
potassium - 3.5 to 5.5 mmol/l
magnesium -
Indications for use:
potassium - electrolyte imbalance, hypokalemia, certain meds, arrhythmias
magnesium - involved with hormone receptor binding, muscle contraction, neural activity, neurotransmitter release, asomotor tone and cardiac excitability
Signs & symptoms:
Potassium - arrhythmia, GIT disturbances, hyperkalaemia, kidney problems
magnesium - nausea, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, hypotension, respiratory depression, hypermagnesemia
How to identify, prevent or manage risks/nursing considerations:
- monitor and assess electrolytes levels
- monitor ECG
- monitor vital signs

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Temazepam
Class: Benzodiazepine
MOA: inhibits effects of GABA throughout the CNS
Indications for use: sedation, insomnia, muscle relaxant, anti anxiety (panic attacks)
Signs & symptoms: drowsiness, confusion, light headedness, hyper-salivation, ataxia, slurred speech
Risks: Dependance, respiratory depression
How to identify, prevent or manage risks/nursing considerations: monitoring dosage, reserve for short term use, monitor withdrawal symptoms, falls risk

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Amiodarone
Class: Class III Antiarrhythmic
MOA: Blocks potassium currents that cause repolarisation of the heart muscles which regulates heart rhythm.
Indications for use:
- Recurrent hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia
-Recurrent ventricular fibrillation
Signs & symptoms:
- Lung or liver problems
-N+V
-Shortness of breath
-Coughing up blood
-Dark urine
-Yellowing of eyes and skin
How to identify, prevent or manage risks/nursing considerations:
-Monitor EKG (Electrocardiogram) during IV infusion and PO therapy (As it inhibits electrical currents of the heart muscles)
- Monitor RR due to risk of pulmonary toxicity
- Can slow down the removal of other drugs from the body e.g: Warfarin

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Amlodipine
Class: calcium channel blocker
MOA:
- Block inward current of calcium into cells in vascular smooth muscle, myocardium and cardiac conducting system via L‑type calcium channels.
Indications for use:
- hypertension
- angina
Signs & symptoms:
- nausea
- headache
- flushing
- dizziness
- hypotension
- peripheral oedema
How to identify, prevent or manage risks/nursing considerations:
- monitor BP, cardiac rhythm, adjust the dose range to the theraputic range
- educate patient on healthy food choices and lifestyle (low sodium diet, avoid smoking)

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Metoprolol
Class: Beta blockers
MOA: block beta receptors- lower heart rate, contractility, electrical conduction
Indications for use: HTN, AF, Angina
Signs & symptoms:
- Bradycardia
- fatigue
- impotence
- low BP
- heart failure
- AV blocks

Drug interaction: amidarone

How to identify, prevent or manage risks/nursing considerations:
- monitor heart rate
- BP
- educate

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Note: Always consider:
Is there anything in the patient's condition/ past history that may increase the risks?

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This will be added once we get to it :)

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Compare and contrast the significant risks for each of the drug classes

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Compare and contrast the significant risks for each of the drug classes

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What were your significant risks? Why are they significant?
Do you understand the MoA of how the patient might develop the risk?
Did you need to go and look them up again?

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What would they be for this medication chart?

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How / why does it occur?
What are they and what signs and symptoms would we see?
What do we as nurses do;
- prevent and/ or manage these?