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established a defensible base in Yanan

developed a good foundation for successful propaganda

used the Long March to claim that their ideology won patriotic support

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War with Japan = allowed Mao to create a joint front with the Nationalists.

Due to GMD's slow reaction to the Japanese invasion, the CCP was able to portray themselves as the true nationalists of China.

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Decision to deal the CCP before invading Japanese forces led the GMD to lose a lot of patriotic support.

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Forcefully makes the conscripts fight for the GMD forces, and yet they are mistreated. As a result, the peasants began favoring the Red Army soldiers who treated them as equals. Even though they are all soldiers, the CCP-trained soldiers respect the villagers (to some extent, not all).

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Effective use of:

guerrilla warfare + strategies

military leadership

maintaining high morale

recruiting peasants

Mao's leadership

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Mao's leadership showed that the war was a national struggle and that all classes should cooperate.

effective communication of communist ideas

skilled spies in the GMD who infiltrated CCP to gather information

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CCP implements land reform in rural areas

maintained strict discipline of troops, assisting peasants with harvests

ensured fair distribution of food nad supplies

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lack of morale

poor leadership

Jiang's serious mistakes: focusing his resources on Manchuria, even though it's far from his real base.

couldn't counter the CCP guerrilla strategies

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JJ resists democratic change

GMD becomes repressive

Jiang's policies prioritizing the defeat of the CCP and the upper class alienated liberals and middle-class workers.

failed to win mass support from workers/peasants

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GMD was corrupt and inefficient

the taxation system was unfair, burdened peasants

failed to control rampant inflation = devastated Jiang's main support base, the middle class

introduced a new currency in 1948 + implemented rationing, but too late to initiate that change (the economy under GMD collapsed by 1949)