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Polio is a disease caused by poliovirus. There are 3 variations, wild poliovirus type 1, 2, and 3. Types 2 and 3 no longer exist, and Type 1 is only present in certain parts of the world such as Afghanistan and Pakistan.

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Travelers who have visited countries that have frequent Polio outbreaks are at high risk for infection. Individuals who are not vaccinated are also more likely to contract the virus. Any healthcare worker or caregiver that are in contact with someone who has Polio are at great risk of infection as well.

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32nd president of the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt, was diagnosed with Polio at the age of 39. His symptoms first started with lower back pain and rapidly developed into not being able to hold his own body weight. Roosevelt ultimately became paralyzed due to his condition. Throughout his life, he consistently advocated for the disease's awareness and prevention.

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Polio is highly contagious. It's spread from person to person contact through exposure to an infected individuals stool or droplets from sneezing or coughing. A person who is infected can contaminate food and water when handled with unwashed hands.

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There is still not a cure for poliomyelitis. However there are ways to try to stop the spread. Some ways include detecting outbreaks quickly and advocating for proper immunizations for all individuals.

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World Polio day is celebrated on October 24th to raise awareness and encourage individual to be vaccinated.

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Between 70% and 95% of individuals who are infected present to be asymptomatic. The mild cases present with symptoms similar to the flu, while the more severe include muscle spasms, neck stiffness, and paralysis.

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While there are no specific medications to treat Polio, there are means to help with symptoms. If an individual is experiencing paralysis, physical therapy is offered.

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An effective approach of preventing Polio is vaccination. The first Polio vaccine was developed in 1955 by Dr. Jonas E. Salk. There are currently two types of polio vaccines, live-attenuated (oral) and inactive. The inactive is used more commonly while the oral is used where Polio is present.

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Poliovirus destroys nerve cells in the spinal cord which causes paralysis.