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In Scene Two, what role does Ismene play in the confrontation between Antigone and Creon? How does her attitude differ from Antigone’s, and what does this suggest about her character?

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In Ode Two, the Chorus speaks of the power of the gods over mortals. How does this ode foreshadow the potential consequences of Creon’s actions against Antigone?

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How does Ode Two reflect the themes of fate and divine retribution introduced earlier in the play? What warnings or insights does the chorus provide about the events unfolding in Thebes?

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In Scene Two, how does Antigone defend her decision to bury her brother despite Creon’s decree? What values does she emphasize in her argument?

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In Scene Two, what is Creon’s reaction to Antigone’s defiance, and how does his reaction reveal his leadership style and character?

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In Ode Two, the Chorus speaks of the power of the gods over mortals when they proclaim "Fortunate is the man who has never tasted God's vengeance" (1). The Chorus is saying that the gods have full power and that they have control, so if someone makes them angry, the gods have no pity on them. Since Creon is king, he thinks he has all the power, but he is only mortal and is not as mighty as he thinks. His pride causes him to think highly of himself even thought the Chorus proclaimed that "pride on earth is free of the curse of heaven" (20). The Chorus humbles Creon by telling him he actually is not the ruler above all, but a mortal under all of the gods.

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In Ode Two, the Chorus emphasizes the power that the gods have over humanity. This Ode foreshadows that Creon's "mortal arrogance" will cause him to face the "wrath of Zeus" (13,14). The Ode is presented as a warning to Creon that he is not equal nor above the gods, and through his hubris, he will face many consequences.

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In Ode Two the Chrous speaks of the power of the gods by saying, "No pride on earth is free of the curse of heaven" (20). The Chrous means that the gods can be vengeful and wrathful and your pride must not be too high. The chorus describes Zesus as "wrathful" (14). This shows that Zeus may cut down Creon from his power because of his pride and vengeance toward Antigone. Creon may think he has all the power, but the gods are more powerful and will take revenge.

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Ismene plays the role of being Antigone’s sidekick and supporting her argument against Creon. She uses relevant information to influence Creon’s emotions, “O dearest Haemon, how your father wrongs you!” (157). In this scene, Ismene is attempting to take Antigone’s side and team with her. Ismene proclaims how she cannot live without Antigone and needs to be with her. Ismene displays a more serene and tranquil argument while Antigone is patronizing and passionate. This suggests that Antigone is blunter and more emotional than Ismene.

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In Scene Two, Ismene acts in defense of Antigone and volunteers to die by her side. Ismene’s attitude seems very loving compared to Antigone’s sarcastic and blunt commentary; suggesting that she is a devoted and adoring sister. This behavior makes sense because of the countless losses Ismene has been through that lead her to hold tightly to whatever she has left. For instance, Ismene says, “What do I care for life when you are dead?” (2/2/140). Ismene’s words show readers that she is incredibly caring towards her sister, and would not want to live a life without her.

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In Scene Two, Creon's reaction to Antigone's defiance is rash and shocked. Once the sentry brings the news of Antigone's disobedience, Creon asks, "Is this the truth?" (Sophocles 19). This shows how shocked Creon must be as he is questioning the situation. Creon acts rashly when he demands, "Arrest Ismene. I accuse her equally," (Sophocles 87). Although Ismene was not involved, Creon's impulsivity leads to her arrest. His reaction reveals how controlling he is as a leader as he overrules others' opinions and believes he is always right.

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In Scene Two, it is revealed that Antigone is the one who buried Polyneices, the traitor. The sentries bring Antigone to Creon and he is quite surprised by who committed the forbidden crime. Creon is quite surprised that Antigone buried the body: "But this is Antigone! Why have you brought her here?" (18). As the story begins to unfold, Creon gets more and more upset by Antigone's grave defiance. She continually states that she is "only mortal" and if she must die, it should be now and not create any hardship or shame (65-72). Through Antigone's consistent rebellious retorts, Creon begins to exemplify his true colors. He becomes rash, ruthless, and hypocritical: "Like father like daughter: both headstrong and deaf to reason!" (75). He also reveals that not only is he a rash leader, but also a leader who puts his personal image and society above his family.

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Creon is shocked and quick to anger to Antigone's defiance. He comes up with the violent decision to kill Ismene, "Or closer yet in blood - she and her sister / Win bitter death for this" (85-86). Creon reacts ruthlessly by bringing Ismene into Antigone's punishment because even though Ismene knew about the crime, she did not play a part in doing it. This also shows that Creon is a stubborn leader that will do anything to keep his power. Creon believes that the sisters are out for his throne, "Snake in my ordered house, sucking my blood / Stealthily - and all the time I never knew / That these two sisters were aiming at my throne!" (125-127). Creon proves to be an insecure leader and that he is more worried about his power, rather than his family and people.

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Antigone defends her action of burying Polyneices with her belief that the gods consider it morally correct. Antigone argues that Creon's law is selfish and "against / the immortal unrecorded laws of God" (60-61). She emphasizes that Creon does not have power over the gods, making the distinction between Creon's decree and the desires of the gods. Antigone claims that the gods require a burial for anyone deceased, justifying the fact that she took this upon herself. Her logic displays that she values her personal faith over Creon's edicts. She also exemplifies her values of morality and family.

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In scene 2, Ismene plays a role in the confrontation by trying to die at her sister's side. The reader can sense Ismene's overall attitude when she states, "Do you refuse me, Antigone? I want to die with you: I too have a duty that I must discharge to the dead… What do I care for life when you are dead" (137/138-140). Ismene's attitude differs from Antigone's because while Antigone is caught up in proving the validity of her actions, Ismene does not want to be the last left of her siblings.

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Creon is shocked by Antigone's unwillingness to follow his rules and her open acceptance of the blame. When the sentry first brings Antigone to the king, claiming she buried Polyneices, Creon rejects this idea, stating, "But this is Antigone! Why have you brought her here?" (18). He is appalled that his blood relative would choose a traitor over him. The king is also shocked at the fact that Antigone has no fear of the repercussions. The sentry backs that Antigone is not scared, informing the king that when they tried to arrest her "she was not afraid, / not even when we charged her with what she had done. / She denied nothing" (43-45). When Creon confronts Antigone about her defiance, he expects her to deny her actions; instead, she openly accepts her fate: "I do. I deny nothing" (52). This causes Creon to lose his temper and say many hurtful things to both Antigone and Ismene and threatens her, to which Antigone responds "I am only mortal. And if I must die / Now, before it is my time to die, / Surely this is no hardship" (65-67). Creon's reaction to Antigone proves he is an insecure and stubborn ruler.

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In scene two, Creon reacts to Antigone's defiance by sentencing her and her sister to death. He says, "her minds a traitor: crimes in the dark cry for light, and the guardian brain shutters" (Sophocles 89,90). He is accusing Antigone of betraying the country and betraying him, even thought she was doing what was morally right. This shows how he is an insecure and arrogant leader because he thought that Antigone burying her dead brother was a threat to his throne. He is obviously not a very good leader, and it shows he's not a very good person.

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Antigone defends her decision to bury her brother by declaring that it is her duty to do so because the gods have more power than Creon. She tells Creon, "Your edict, King, was strong, / But all your strength is weakness itself against / The immortal unrecorded laws of God" (59-61). Antigone is arguing that she should do what supports the gods' beliefs rather than Creon, as they have power over mankind. Antigone also explains that she would have more shame if she did not bury her brother the way she did. She expresses, "This death of mine / is of no importance; but if I had left my brother / Lying in death unburied,  I should have suffered. / Now I do not" (69-72). Antigone feels that death does not bother her because she knows what she did was morally right. The value she emphasizes is reverence. She would have suffered more if she had not buried her brother because she believes that there is no guilt in reverence for the dead.

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Ode two foreshadows the potential consequences of Creon’s actions against Antigone in multiple lines. The chorus says, “What moral arrogance transcends the wrath of Zeus?”(13-14). This quote is saying that anyone who goes against any of the gods is foolish because they are all powerful beings. In this scene Creon is the prime example of arrogance because he is ruthless towards Antigone and Ismene for honoring their brother. Another reason this ode foreshadows to consequences to Creon’s actions is when the ode claims that, “no pride on earth is free of the curse of heaven” (20). This is saying that even if you are powerful on earth and no one can go against you doesn’t mean that there are not almighty beings that are higher up than you that have control over your life. For example, Creon acts as if he is untouchable but forgets that there is more dominant existence. This ode serves as a warning to Creon that his actions have consequences.

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Ode Two reflects the themes of fate and divine retribution introduced earlier in the play through the Chorus' reminder that "this gathering sorrow from time long past/ Loom(s) upon Oedipus' children: generation from generation/ Takes the impulsive rage of the enemy god." (7-9). In this passage, the Chorus is explaining that the curse has followed Oedipus' family line, and has now landed upon Antigone. It is also alluded to that it is the gods' fault that this curse has fallen upon them and that Antigone is forced to suffer an ill fate. This connects to a scene earlier in the play, in which Antigone criticizes Ismene's view of the gods, assuming the "laws of the gods mean nothing to (her)" (63). This brings forth the idea that the gods and fate triumph all. The Chorus also provides certain insights about the events about to unfold in Thebes, warning that "damnation rises behind each child/ Like a wave cresting out of the black northeast" (3-4). In this passage, the Chorus is referencing the ill fate destined to occur to Antigone's family. It give the near future a very ominous look.

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In Scene Two, Antigone defends her decision to bury her brother even though Creon's decree out-lawed this action. Her decision to bury Polyneices was made because she thought what she was doing was right and her intentions were good. No matter what Polyneices did Antigone believed that her brother had the right to be buried. She says, "His own brother, traitor or not, equal in blood / …there are honors due all the dead"(110-113). Antigone emphasizes how she believes in family values and spiritual values. She believes that the Gods have more power than Creon and they would have wanted Antigone to bury her brother. She also believes that she would have suffered if she had not buried him.

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In scene two, Ismene demonstrates extreme loyalty towards Antigone during her and Creon’s confrontation. Initially Ismene refuses to help Antigone bury their brother out of fear of the punishment, but Antigone does not listen and proceeds to gets caught. When Creon’s guard brings in Ismene and asks if she is guilty of burying her brother with Antigone she says, “Yes, if she will let me say so. I am guilty” (130). This shows Ismene’s willingness to share Antigone’s fate. Ismene expresses her despair by stating, “But how could I go on living without her?” (153). Ismene’s attitude towards the situation is calmer and more conflicted. Ismene wants to support her fiery, determined and stubborn sister but she knows that their lives are in Creon’s hands, and anything could go collectively wrong, and they could die. The way Ismene handled the situation shows she is a more tranquil and sensible character overall.

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Ode Two references Antigone's family being cursed, leading to her sealing her fate through death in lines 8-12. As introduced earlier in the play, Creon has great vengeance for Antigone and Ismene because of Polyneices' betrayal. The Chorus warns, "No pride on earth is free of the curse of heaven." Creon's arrogance leads him to believe he is omnipotent, but the Chorus contradicts and challenges his power. No one is more powerful than the gods or death, but because of Creon's hubris, the Chorus warns of Creon's downfall.

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In ode two the chorus talks about how arrogance and wrong doing will never escape punishment. In the ode the chorus references to the punishment of the gods when the say "No pride on earth is free of the curse of the heavens" (20). This quote is trying to say that no matter how powerful and confident a human is, they will never transcend the gods and their power. This also serves as a warning to Creon, telling him that no matter how much power he gain, the gods will always be superior. An example of this is when the chorus says "The straying dreams of men" (21). This line references Creon dreams of being all powerful, something he constantly says throughout scenes one and two.

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In ode two, the chorus emphasizes the curse of Antigone's siblings stating, "forever: damnation rises behind each child" (3). The sons and daughters of Oedipus are cursed by the gods and they are unable to escape the wrath of the gods and their punishment. Curses has followed the family for many generations, but Antigone will be the last flower to, "closed up all its beauty" (12). The chorus foreshadows the fall of Creon, emphasizing how, "No pride on earth is free of the curse of heaven" (20). Creon's excessive pride will lead to his downfall as humanity is not above the gods in power. The god's wrath will lead to sadness and grief in Thebes and someone will die as, "man's little pleasure is the spring of sorrow" (28). The chorus foreshadows both the fate of Creon and the siblings of Antigone as they have all challenged the heaven's power and will soon receive punishment.