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In this  article I will explore the advances of technology (music specific and non-music specific), and its effect on music. This will include:

1 The ever developing technological influences on the production of music
2 How technology allows us to combine music with other art forms (e.g music videos, light shows)
3 Technology within any given period (eg recording, playback developments, fomats)

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Synth pop relies heavily on technology. It became most popular in the 1980s due to the decline in popularity of dance music in disco's particularly in Europe. It features the synthesizer as the dominant instrument in the music.  It began to take shape in the late 1970s due to the development of drum machines and synthesizers. Most artists therefore relied heavily on technology to create the bones for the song. The songs where constructed mostly of simple repeated riffs and not much harmonic progression.
Looking at Lady GaGa'sPoker face. This is a synth pop song in Gsharp. Poker Face has very clear vocals on the chorus and a pop hook while combining the synths from "Just Dance". Poker Face is set in a common time signature with a fast tempo of 120 bpm (common for the 2000s as dance music was popular). It begins with a medium tempo followed by electronic chord arrangement ( a benefit of the advancements in technology).

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MIDI changed the music technology world. It was initially conceived to standardise the various technologies used to connect synthesizer equipment. At the time, each manufacturer had its own standard, meaning that you could only use one brand of equipment together. With MIDI, all of this was done away with. The protocol was so strong that it led to software developers writing sequencer software that enabled racks of gear to be controlled centrally, via an easy to use interface. Whole, complex pieces, with multiple instruments could be scored and edited with ease, empowering the composer. This eventually evolved into the DAW software packages that we know today. These combine powerful multi-track audio functionality with virtual synthesizer technology. Because of MIDI tracks like lady GaGa’s bad romance vocal tracks could be layered with delay (mentioned below) and allow more experimentation. It also means artists can collaborate more because one artist can record a track at one side of the world and send it to another. This is proably why artists are having other artists ft on there tracks not only in the pop world but also in rock/metal. For example for Andy James solo album, guitarist rick graham recorded a guest solo and sent it to andy to add to his song. This would not be possible years ago and therefore is an advancement in how music has allowed other artists to enter new genres e.g. Justin Beiber (usa) ft. Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yanki for their hit single despacito.

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Studio techniques involved with technology 

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Studio techniques involved with technology 

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For Lady GaGas Poker Face a lot of production and studio techniques were used on that album “the fame”. For example Lady Gaga's rhythm in “Bad Romance” is really a showcase in how much the performance matters. The synth arrangement in the verses is tight and is made to sound pretty simple but the tight, quantized synth and the four to the floor drum pattern gives Lady Gaga the perfect backdrop to riff her vocals in such a groovy and rhythmic way.“Bad Romance” is also a showcase in how to make a chorus feel bigger by piling on extra reverb and depth on the backing vocals. Looking at Lady Gaga's production -mixing engineer Robert Orton's vocal delay tricks in her track “Just Dance” from the same album he would send the vocal to multiple delays that all have their separate aux channel. That way he can process each individual delay differently. Not only does this give the vocal some very nice depth by combing half, quarter and eight notes but by processing each delay with different processors such as compression, distortion, tape emulation etc, he adds a completely different dimension to each effect. Much like the robotic vocals in poker face. This would not be possible without the advancements of technology.  A little bit of processing on each delay can add a completely different type of depth to your vocal sound.

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The earliest known form of stage lighting was during the early Grecian (and later the Roman) theaters. They would build their theaters facing east to west so that in the afternoon they could perform plays and have the natural sunlight hit the actors, but not those seated in the orchestra however today with the advancements of technology we have several different types of equipment that are used in addition to basic lighting, modern stage lighting can also include special effects, such as laser and fog machines. People who work on stage lighting are commonly referred to as lighting technicians.

The equipment used for stage lighting (e.g., cabling, dimmers, lighting instruments, controllers) are also used in other lighting applications, including concerts, trade shows, broadcast television, film production, photographic studios, and other types of live events. There is people employed and trained to install and work this equipment. Some bands are famous for there live shows for example Iron maiden and fans and concert goers look forward to the production as much as the music.

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Technology has even changed how we listen to our music.
1.Thomas Edison was the first person to invent a device to record and play music on. It was made by him in 1877 and he called it the phonograph. The sound quality was really bad and each recording lasted for one only play.
2.Fairly soon after came the gramophone, the gramophone used wax cylinders which could be played many times, however, each cylinder had to be recorded separately making the mass reproduction of the same music or sounds impossible.
3.Over time records evolved and stopped being made out of glass. Instead they were made out of plastic and could easily be mass produced. But they were easily broken as the vinyl plastic used wasn't very strong.
4. In the 1970's cassette tapes were widely used to record and listen to music. They used magnetic tape, and the music played through from left to right. Once one side was done, you flipped it over for more songs on the other.The Sony Walkman was the first truly personal cassette player and was incredibly popular when it first came out in 1979.
5. Mini Disk players were brought out in 1992. It was the first time you could listen to songs the way you wanted to hear them, as you could move or delete songs either on the player or on a PC.
6.The iPod. It was the first listening device where you could upload songs digitally, storing 100's in one go. This where downloading music started to happen.

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Myself and a fellow class mate conducted an experiment to show how placing the mics further apart from the sound source (in this case me playing guitar) would affect how quickly the mics pick up the sound. We used 2 dpa 4090 microphones and placed them at either side of my class mates head (beside his ears-picture included). Below is an mp3 of our recording. I played guitar in the left side of the room first, then moved to the front of the microphones then to the right side of the room. Our hypothesis was that the microphones would simulate how the human ears pick up sound waves therefore the left microphone would pick up the sound before the right microphone when I played at the left side of the room because that is where the sound originated. We noticed when playing in front of the mics the sound traveled and sounded more equal compared to when it was at the left/right it sounded more dominant in the respective microphones.  After analyzing  the audio that was recorded we could conclude that our hypothesis was infect correct. To show this was the case I have included a screenshot of the audio that was recorded. In this screenshot the top sound wave was the right mic and the bottom the left mic, I was playing in the left side of the room. You can clearly see that the left microphone picked up the sound first and top (right) had a delayed effect this is called inter-aural delay. This is how humans can perceive sound being from different directions. This was only doable due to the advancements of technology.

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Another advancement of technology is being able to use padlet to submit work. It means we can add visuals to our document like pictures and diagrams as well as videos. We can update it on the go on any computer as we just log in online so its convenient. However the main problem is you cant undo any work you may delete by accident so this could definitely be with being improved and security could do with being updated because if you dont log out on another computer or your password and log in details is saved to that computer anyone can log in and look/copy your work. Although the feature where we can make our padlet private or public and change who can edit it is very handy for submitting it for assignments like I have done.

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https://reason.wonderhowto.com/how-to/make-beat-lady-gaga-song-poker-face-reason-4-406686/

https://music.tutsplus.com/tutorials/what-you-can-learn-from-the-vocal-production-of-katy-gaga-keha--audio-16149

https://www.dawsons.co.uk/blog/how-music-technology-changed-music
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stage_lighting
http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/27101804