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Unlike the legislative and executive branches, the judicial branch members are appointed by the President, not the people, and they're confirmed by Congress. The members are Chief Justice and the other judges. These Chief Justice and other judges don't serve a set term, so they serve until death or retirement. This works because it allows them to apply the law with only justice in mind, and non political or electoral concerns.

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Legal System Basics: Crash Course Government and Politics #18

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Federalism is a system in which governmental power is divided into two or more levels. In America, the government is divided between the national government and fifty state governments. Federalism is based on beliefs that limited government restrains tyranny and that one way to limit government is to divide power among several groups.

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Federalism: Crash Course Government and Politics #4

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Influence of Creation and Modern Executive Branch

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Influence of Creation and Modern Executive Branch

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Because of the founding fathers experiences under the government of England, they were influenced to form a new government different but somewhat similar. They realized they needed a leader, but they didn't want this leader to be as powerful as a king. Presently, the executive branch has progressively grown by assuming more tasks and resposibilities than when the branch was first established. The president's powers are outlined in Article II of the Constitution by the founders. The President has the authority to be commander in chief of the armed forces; to grant pardons;to make treaties; and to appoint ambassadors, Supreme Court justices, and other government officers.

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Bureaucracy Basics: Crash Course Government and Politics #15

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The legislative Branch was established by Article I of the Constitution. It consists of the Hoiuse of Representatives and the Senate. This branch was established in 1789.

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What Is the Legislative Branch of the U.S. Government? | History

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Establishment/Purpose and Power of Legislative Branch

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Establishment/Purpose and Power of Legislative Branch

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The legislative branch was established by Article I of the constitution. It consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate. This branch was made in 1789.The purpose of the Legislative Branch is mainly the creation of laws and has the power to change laws. But there are rules in place to limit the power to keep it from becoming too pwerful. Powers include the power to tax, borrow money. to regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states, to establish rules for the naturalization of foreigners seeking citizenship, to establish a post office, to raise and maintain an army and navy, and to declare war.

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John Locke said that the government has to serve the people by protecting their life,liberty, and property. He didn't support tyrnanny, and said that if the government violates citizens individual rights, it's ok to rebel.
He talked about this in his book, the Second Treatise Concerning Civil Government.

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Locke believes that all men are the workmanship of one omnipotent  and infinite maker. Locke does believe in Creation Mandate, which is God telling humans to " Be fruitful and multiply, fill the earth and subdue it." (Genesis 1:28) I would say Locke has more of an Old Testament view on things, he belives in an eye for an eye. He believes humans have a right to harm themselves or others.

Locke's Two Treaties: State of Nature, Section 6 and Section 7

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Separation of Powers is the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit the any one branch from having complete power or control of all. Can also be defined as "The Constitutional principle that limits the power vested in any person or institution." It divides governmental authority into 3 branches: legislative (congress), executive (President), and Judiciary (Senate).

www.businessdictionary.com/definition/seperation-of-powers.html

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The declaration of Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson and signed by many of the Founding Fathers in 1776. It was written in response to the opression and unfairness from the British. The Americans wanted to break away from the tyranny and form a new country and new government and this document established their clause.

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The Declaration of Independence (as read by Max McLean)

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The writer of the Constitution is James Madison. The Constitution is one of the most important documents for the founding of America.  It is a body of fundamental principles that establishes precedents for the future government of the USA. The Constitution was written by the Convention with the purpose to create a government powerful enough to act on a national level. The goal was to do this without giving the government too much power where citizens fundamental rights would be at risk. The founders were considerate of making the Constitution amendable. They made it so it could be amended, but not easily. For a law to be amended it must be proposed by a 2/3 vote of both Houses of Congress, or if 2/3 of the states request one, by a convention called for that purpose. Next, the amendment must be ratified by 3/4 of the state legislatures, or 3/4 called in each state for ratification. ("The Constitution").

"The Constitution." The White House, The United States Government,
www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/the constitution/.