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The 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull ejected volcanic ash which caused enormous disruption to air travel across western and northern Europe over an initial period of six days in April 2010.

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The cloud of ash forced the closure of the airport, cancelling nearly 100,000 flights and disrupting the travel plans of tourists and business travelers alike throughout northern Europe. Airlines suffered $1.7 billion USD in lost revenue due to the flight cancellations.

The eruption also resulted in a 17% drop in tourist arrivals in the month of April, when the eruption occurred.

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The 2007-08 financial crisis was a severe worldwide economic crisis considered by many economists to be the most severe financial crisis since the GREAT DEPRESSION of 1930s

It began in 2007 with a crisis in the housing industry because banks such as the Lehman Brothers took too many risks which cause massive bailouts and cause economic downturn

The Asian Countries such as China, Hong Kong faced immediate impact and was then followed by the European union that led to the union crisis

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As a result of the 2007/2008 global financial crisis, tourism arrivals fell. The number of tourists declined by 40 million in 2009. This was due to the failure of businesses and loss of jobs which resulted in lower disposable incomes.

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Fearing negative publicity, tourist authorities responded with an international publicity campaign. Due to this, Iceland grew in popularity ever since the volcanic eruption.

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IMFBlog is a forum for the views of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff and officials on pressing economic and policy issues of the day. The IMF, based in Washington D.C., is an organization of 191 countries, working to foster global monetary cooperation and financial stability around the world.

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It took more than 3 years for the tourism industry to recover, with international tourist arrivals surpassing 1 billion for the first time in history in 2012 (UNWTO figures).
However, certain tourism sectors such as  employment in travel agencies never recovered, hiring 13,000 lesser employees as compared to 2008, although this decline may be attributed to the rise of online travel bookings.

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In 2011, a 9.1 magnitude earthquake which was the 4th strongest ever recorded in history occured off the coast of Tohoku.
The tsunami caused 15899 deaths, 6157 injured and 2529 missing. The World Bank estimates it has a economic cost of US$235 billion, making it the costliest natural disaster in history.

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FIFA world cup is a world championship held every 4 years for men's national football teams. It is organised by FIFA and took place in Brazil in 2014.

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Immediately after the quake, the U.S. State Department issued an advisory for Americans not to travel to Japan unless absolutely necessary.
The total number of international tourism arrivals in 2011 drop by 28% to 6.2 million , compared to 8.6 million tourism arrivals the previous year .Also it caused a significant short term affect on domestic tourism .

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Tourism infrastructure and attractions were largely decimated or completely destroyed in the wake of the tsunami.
In recent years. there are tours and attractions to commemorate the tragic event.

However, Tohoku is still struggling to recover from the aftermath of the disaster despite Japan's overall increase in tourism. Visitors still shun the region for fear of radioactive pollution released by the meltdown of the Fukushima nuclear powerplant.
In 2018, the number of tourists visiting Aomori prefecture in Tohoku only experienced a low growth rate of 0.6% compared to a 0.4% in 2011.

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The FIFA World Cup is a big event and many football fans flew to Brazil just to watch the matches.

Brazil had a total arrival of 1,018,876 tourists in 2014 due to the world cup, which boosted Brazil's tourism sector.
Tourists tripled from 350000 from May to June before the start world cup.
Overall Brazil had attracted 6.4 million tourists just by hosting the World Cup.

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) reached Hong Kong in March 2003. From 11 March up to 6 June, a total of 1750 cases had been identified and during the same period 286 people died of the disease.

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With the impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), visitor arrivals dropped substantially from March to May 2003. From January to May 2003, visitor recorded a drop of 17.5% over same period in 2002.

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The Hong Kong Tourist Board planned a huge promotional campaign to help kick-start its SARS-ravaged tourism industry, following the WHO’s decision to rescind its warning against non-essential travel there.
Tourists arrival statistics recovered 4 months after the SARS pandemic.

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On September 11, 2001, 19  al Qaeda terrorists under the command of Osama Bin Laden  hijacked 4 US commercial planes.

Two of the planes full of fuel were flown into the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, causing it to burst into flames and collapse.  A total of 2753 civilians died in this attack.

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Tourists arrivals generally fell after the incident as people were worried of their own safety and were afraid of more terrorist attacks on US territory. The number of international visitors declined by 1.1 million from 2000 to 2001, with most of that loss coming after Sept. 11.
International travel to New York declined for the next two years.

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The bad publicity , including the blockade of the Don Mueang International airport by protesters in late 2008 for a week, has caused international arrivals to drop by 70 percent. The Thai Hotels Association says that occupancy has fallen by 40 percent. As Thailand’s GDP is relies heavily on tourism (about 6%) , the economy of Thailand has also experienced lesser growth.

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Experts noted that the Cup will generate only 0.4 percent of additional gross domestic product for Brazil over a 10-year period.

On the other hand, Brazil's public spending on stadiums and other Cup-related infrastructure projects - estimated at $11.3 billion, was received negatively by its citizens who felt the the country's economy was worse that before and the money could have been invested in other purposes.

Furthermore, many of these infrastructure proved to be useless after the cup, with 4 of the 12 stadiums almost certain to become white elephants.

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It took five years for international tourism to reach pre-9/11 levels.

The city also got a small boost from domestic “patriotic tourism”, Americans who visited the site of the World Trade Centre to pay tributes to the victims of the disaster.

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The Thailand political crisis is believed to be instigated by the dissatisfaction with the rule of former Prime Minister, Thaksin Shinawatra who people believed was corrupt and abused his position to enrich his business holdings.
In December 2007, the People's Power Party (PPP), who were Thaksin's allies won the democratic election.
Incensed by the results, supporters of the People's Alliance for Democracy (PAD) (Anti-Thaksin) clashed with the supporters of the PPP , resulting in three deaths and over 350 injured.

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Tourism recovered in 2010 when the number of overall visitors exceeded pre-crisis forecasts. The Tourism Authority of Thailand projects that annual tourist arrivals for 2010 will be about 15.8 million, more than the 15 million originally forecast and an increase from the 14 million visitors who flocked to Thailand the year before.