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When performing a volleyball spike force summation is needed as you build enough power through your legs to jump explosively then that power creates a force that stacks up through your abs,chest, arms then it leads towards the hand using all that force to perform a volleyball spike, the Quads and Hamstrings are used first as it uses the force to push off the ground to do a powerful spike. The next muscles that are working is the core that is the abdominals, they are strengthening your core as youre turning in an angle and jumping. Then lastly the muscles you would be using is deltoids to perform a powerful swing.

To give maximum force you would be using this method...
- Using as many body parts as possible
- In the correct sequence( Use larger muscles first then use the smaller muscles at the end).
- Use it with the correct timing
- Greatest range of motion

Generating maximum force, the image shown above is demonstrating how to use the force correctly as they are performing a volleyball spike, she uses  her legs to explode off the ground then spikes the ball with all that force.

Using the correct sequence you would be using the largest muscles first which is your legs to give explosive force as you jump, then leads to your glutes then your abdominals as you areturning for a spike, when bending your knees to assist you in jumping it lowers your cog( centre of gravity ) then uses the power in your legs to shifts through your trunk,shoulders, etc.

Using the correct timing, The timing matters as you could time it incorrectly then youll either fall into the net or the spike wouldnt be powerful. The movement wont work out as you want it to which will mess up the process of a successful spike.

Using the greatest range of motion, The more flexible you are the greater the motion it can go through, You would need to maximum range of motion so that the spike can be successful, you would need to squat your legs to get a powerful jump then extend your arms to get a full powerful swing, to build more force upon the volleyballs velocity...

Alyis Masina

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running:if i was to break through the defence team i would  need a large amount of speed and power to break through when coming into contact you need both upper body and lower body for example the lower body´s largest muscles when running is your quadriceps and hamstrings you build up force which goes down to your gastrocmenius and down to you ankles which forces your foot off the ground for upper body you need your trunk muscle and bicep to generate enough force to push them back.

2)In the correct sequence,largest muscles , and smallest muscles last. example you cant start from your smallest muscles

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What is force summation:
The combination of forces produced by different parts of the human body. Force summation occurs when all the body parts act simultaneously in practice, the strongest and lowest body parts around the centre of gravity. The production of force through the sequential movement of various parts of the body in order to produce the optimum amount.

1. Using as many body parts e.g legs, trunk, shoulders, arms & wrists.
2. Using the correct sequence.
3. The correct timing.
4. Through the greatest range of motion

Using as many body parts:
Using your legs, trunk, shoulder, arms and wrist help you apply force so you can hit the ball. Starting with your legs by bending your knees it helps generates force through your Hamstring & quadriceps spreading through your trunk to your shoulders, arms and wrist.

Using the correct sequence:
First using your legs the biggest muscles to give you force to jump up then goes to your glutes and abdominals. When bending your knees to help you jump it lowers your centre of gravity and the force in your legs transfers through your trunk, shoulder, arms and wrists.

The correct timing:
If he does not time the movements correctly, he would fall into the net, or the spike will not be effective at all. If the body segments isn't engaging at the same time, the movement of his body wouldn't stack in the correct order. he would be spiking first, then jumping and wouldn't be effective at all.

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Rule 1: He's using as many body parts as possible going from his core, to bum, and lastly his leg which is the quadriceps and hamstrings. Rule 2: He uses it in the correct body sequence from his core to his lower body parts to get the full body strength, he uses his bigger body muscles to his smaller body muscles. he cant go from smallest to biggest cause the forces will be out of place. Rule 3: He uses correct timing by generating force by stacking force starting from his core, to his bum, to his legs, hes twisting his trunk and then his uses one of his legs to stay stable and the other going to a bending motion and then follows through to get maximum power in his kick. Rule 4: He stretches his body out to use the full range of motion which makes all of his muscles work and get the ball into the goal.

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1. When performing a 3 step spike, force summation is required as you build force in your legs to jump and that force stacks up through to your abs, chest, arms, and then to your hands to deliver a powerful spike.

2. force summation includes 4 simple rules. these rules are,

- Using as many body parts as possible.
In the image the person is using his legs and his arms to get him to a good height, and for a good spike.

- Everything happens with the correct sequencing.
The person in the photo needs to start by using his legs, allowing him to get to a good height, then building up through to his chest, flowing to his arms making enough force for a powerful spike

- everything happens with the correct timing.
if he does not time the movements correctly, he would fall into the net, or the spike will not be effective at all. If the body segments isn't engaging at the same time, the movement of his body wouldn't stack in the correct order. he would be spiking first, then jumping and wouldn't be effective at all.

- more force is present when moving through a large range of motion.
as seen in the photo, a large range of motion is needed as he swings his arms to get him high enough to effectively perform a spike.

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Force Summation
Rules

1* Using as many body parts as posiible.
Clearly this althletes is showing that he is using as many muscles as possible for this motion. For example He uses the muscles in his legs first such as his quads as he squats then uses his trunk by twisting his body then uses his chest then to his shoulders and arms.

2* In the correct Sequences from( The biggest To smallest)
He firstly uses the muscles in his legs then trunk the his shoulders to arms so he can be able to stack more force upon each segments to get the full maximum force out of the body parts.

3* With The  Correct Timing of each Body Segments
As you can see this atletes times his movement from his Legs to his trunk to his chest to his shoulder to his arms and wrist. This ensures that his movements are smooth and arent awkward. If he doesnt time his body sequence correctly it wouldnt perform the right movements, And the forces wouldnt stack upon each other.

4* Through the greatest (RANGE OF MOTION)
This athletes is trying to maxmise the Full range of motion to Serve the ball over the net to his opponent.He squats his legs and extends his arms to get a fukll range of motion to build more forces upon the balls velocity.

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a rock climer
force summation:
to give maximum power , the force needs:
-using many body parts as possible
-use in correct sequence
-correct timing
-through the greatest range of motion

generating maximum force:
in the picture a rock climber is using his legs (quadriceps,hamstrings) he is also using his abdominal and his arms, (forearm muscles) to also pull himself up.

using correct sequence:
he first uses legs the biggest muscles to push himself up then goes to his glutes, his abdominals

Using body segment:
Why? we can maximise the muscular force that each muscle group associated with each segment can generate

In the Dyno illustration - legs, hip, trunk

Stretched Out?
he stretches out so that he gets the best range of motion so that he flings himself up into the air

Sequencing of Body Segment:
The momentum generated by the larger segments is passed onto the smaller ones until we make contact/release

in effect we use our body like a giant whip we move longer muscle groups first then the smaller muscle groups closer to the object last.

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to give maximise power , the force needs:
-use as many body parts as possible
-in the correct sequence (use large muscles first and then smaller muscles last)
-with the correct timing
-greatest range of motion

generating maximum force:
As seen in the picture above our netball player uses maximum force to passes with force as she lets the ball go.

using correct sequence:
The bigger muscle used in this netball photo are in the legsa. (quads & hamstrings) because when passing the ball you have your knees slightly bent and you push off and the force generated from your knees goes to your core and gets transferred into the arms ready to pass the ball.

correct timing:

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In action of getting ready to pass the ball

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Rugby - Passing
Rule 1 , to use as many body parts as possible eg ; As seen in the passing action, he is using a variety of body parts to generate maximum force to make the ball go further. Rule 2 , In the correct sequence , Largest muscles first , & Smallest muscles second eg ; The bigger muscles in this case being the quads and hammys, you would want to push off the legs going to the abdominals – up through your abdominals to your chest, and then you would want to have the elbow flexed, pushing through the elbow all the way up to the ball Rule 3 , Correct Timing eg ;  In passing the ball each muscle starting from the legs as it builds it's way up to the abs and the chest then following through the arms all must be timed at the right time in order to stack each motions   Rule 4 , Range of motion , As he tucks the ball into his arm to wrap it, he extends his hand to exert more force on the ball. If I'd wanted to pass the ball the greatest distance possible, I'd have to use both my lower and upper bodies to generate a large force.  Because the ball is at rest when held, all forces are balanced. The muscles that are used for rugby passing is the triceps, biceps, pectorials, deltoid, and latissimus dorsi.